Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 786297 | Comparison of the complement-fixing activity of antinuclear antibodies in lupus nephritis, | 1976 Sep | Complement-fixing antinuclear antibody (CFANA) titers were measured in 18 patients with lupus nephritis and were compared to titers in 22 patients with scleroderma and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) who had comparable ANA titers but lacked nephritis. CFANA titers were higher in SLE patients with nephritis than in a control group of SLE patients without nephritis but were no higher than in scleroderma or MCTD. Thus the striking differences in the prevalence of nephritis among these patients with high titer ANA cannot be explained by differences in complement fixation by these antibodies. | |
| 371565 | Complications of chrysotherapy: a review of recent studies. | 1979 Mar | Chrysotherapy has become a cornerstone in the treatment program of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Unfortunately, approximately one third of these individuals will experience an adverse drug reaction at some time. Cutaneous manifestations are most commonly recognized and do not necessarily preclude reinstitution of gold after their resolution. Other complications involving the hematopoietic and renal systems are less frequent but may be severe. Recently, investigators have described serious toxic reactions involving the liver and lungs. The pathophysiologic mechanism of these untoward effects appears to be immunologic, although there are conflicting data. Treatment is primarily supportive, and the role of corticosteroids and chelating agents remains controversial. Emphasis should be placed primarily on early detection of adverse reactions through patient education and careful monitoring of blood and urine values. | |
| 14037 | Chromosomal breakage in systemic sclerosis and related disorders. | 1976 | Chromosome aberrations such as gaps and breaks of one or both chromatids, acentric fragments, dicentrics, ring chromosomes and other abnormal chromosomes are observed in lymphocyte and fibroblast cultures as well as in direct bone marrow preparations from patients with systemic sclerosis. A serum factor producing chromosome breaks in mitoses from healthy donors was observed in 37 of 42 scleroderma patients. The biochemical nature of this breakage factor is still undefined. Increased breakage is also noted in a high percentage of healthy family members of scleroderma patients. It is also a common feature of related disorders such as lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, periarteritis nodosa and rheumatoid arthritis. An increase in chromosome breaks and rearrangements is also present in NZB mice developing spontaneously an autoimmune disorder that has been extensively studied by workers interested in lupus erythematosus. The similarity of the cytogenetic findings provides the opportunity to use these mice as an experimental model to investigate relationships between immunological perturbations and chromosomal aberrations. | |
| 1111681 | Iron-deficiency anemia: evaluation of compensatory changes. | 1975 Feb | Compensatory mechanisms in children with iron-deficiency anemia were evaluated by measuring erythrocytic organic phosphates and, in some cases, shifts in the P50 of the oxygen dissociation curve. In 19 children with nutritional anemia (hemoglobin values of 3.2 to 8.2 gm/dl) there was a calculated improved oxygen delivery to tissues equivalent to a hemoglobin level of at least 7.5 gm/dl. Transient decompensation was observed during acidosis. In five children with iron-deficiency anemia due to blood loss and in one child with rheumatoid arthritis no such compensatory changes were observed. | |
| 4600774 | Gold nephropathy prototype of membranous glomerulonephritis. | 1974 Jun | In 7 of 10 kidney biopsies from patients with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis who had developed proteinuria during treatment with gold, electron microscopy showed changes typical of membranous glomerulonephritis. When the disease was of short duration, the only lesions seen were subepithelial deposits. The deposits were often located between intact epithelial foot processes and were demarcated externally by the slit membranes. In disease of longer duration, basement membrane changes occurred; these included projections and a layer of basement membrane over the deposits. The findings indicate that subepithelial deposits are primarily formed between intact foot processes, which would explain their unique discrete character (the basis of the typical granular immunofluorescent staining pattern of immune complex glomerulonephritis). The secondary basement membrane changes seem to evolve according to a constant pattern. The evolutionary process, probably signifying a healing process, is believed to be governed primarily by a synthesis of basement membrane performed by the epithelial cells. | |
| 4091924 | Arthroscopy of the elbow. | 1985 | A technique of diagnostic and surgical arthroscopy of the elbow is presented, and the normal intraarticular anatomy as viewed from the anterolateral, anteromedial, and posterolateral portals is described. A preliminary study of 12 patients who underwent surgical arthroscopy of the elbow demonstrated that removal of loose bodies produced the best objective and subjective results. Less satisfactory results were obtained when procedures such as capitellum and radial head chondroplasties were performed. Using a preoperative and postoperative point accumulation rating system for four objective and four subjective criteria, the following results were noted. Before surgery 50% of the patients objectively rated their elbows as satisfactory (excellent or good), whereas postoperative ratings increased to 83%. Subjectively, 17% rated their elbows as satisfactory before surgery, improving to 58% satisfactory ratings postoperatively. The only complication was a transient median nerve palsy caused by the extracapsular extravasation of a local anesthetic. From this preliminary study, it was concluded that attention to detail is essential in performing a safe, reproducible arthroscopic examination of the elbow, that arthroscopy of the elbow is an effective diagnostic procedure, and that operative elbow arthroscopy is effective in the treatment of certain elbow disorders. | |
| 6217342 | A new, simplified assay for suppressor cell function. | 1982 Oct | A simplified, sensitive assay has been devised to examine suppressor cell function in normal persons and patients with rheumatic and atopic diseases. Cultured human lymphoblastoid (IM9) cells were used as responders. Induced suppressor cells were treated initially with mitomycin (mit) C, to prevent DNA synthesis, then incubated with concanavalin (con) A in microtiter plates for 40 hr. Responder cells were added directly to suppressor cells in plates. Suppression was determined by comparing effects of con A-induced with noninduced (control) cells on responder 3H-thymidine (3HTdR) uptake. This assay is simple and conserves time, reagents, and cells and uses standardized, available responder cells. It also obviates problems of con A in cultures with responder cells and autologous or allogeneic mixed-lymphocyte types of reactions and reduces needs for blood donation. Moreover, IM9 cells proved suitable for detecting spontaneous, con A-generated, glass-adherent, or prostaglandin-secreting (indomethacin-sensitive) suppressor cells. | |
| 7086394 | Chronic pain as a variant of depressive disease: the pain-prone disorder. | 1982 Jul | Review of the literature shows that the common syndrome of chronic pain of uncertain origin appears to be perpetuated by central mechanisms. No plausible neurological theory has been proposed. While the alternative concept of chronic pain as a psychogenic disorder has remained a vague entity, there is strong support to view chronic pain as the prime expression of a muted depressive state. This form of masked depression, however, tends to be associated with a number of characteristic traits. Our studies of patients with chronic pain have led to the identification of a well defined psychobiological disorder with characteristic clinical, psychodynamic, biographic, and genetic features. This syndrome is termed the pain-prone disorder and is viewed as a variant of depressive disease. It proves a distinct entity when compared with a group of patients whose pain can be related to a well defined somatic disease. The chronicity of the disorder appears partially related to the practice of protracted, costly, and futile physical procedures, focusing on a phantom peripheral source of the pain-- a practice commonly pursued by patients and physicians. Recognition of the disorder allows for early, rational, and more effective treatment approaches. | |
| 7373050 | Activation of the fourth component of complement (C4): assessment by rocket immunoelectrop | 1980 Jun | The classical pathway of complement (C) is activated in several diseases, and this activation characteristically involves the activation of C4, the fourth component of C. Since activation of C4 ultimately produces the polypeptide fragment C4d, we have applied immunoelectrophoresis in gels containing antibodies that precipitate C4d and C4 (rocket immunoelectrophoresis) as a means of detecting and quantitating C4 activation. Plasma C4 produced a single precipitin line after rocket immunoelectrophoresis, whereas plasma containing C4d produced two precipitin lines corresponding to C4d and C4. The areas enclosed by the respective precipitin line(s) were quantitated by planimetry and approximated the amounts of C4d and C4 present in the specimen. The ratio of the areas of C4d/C4 as measured in this analysis correlated significantly with the in vivo metabolism of radiolabeled C4. Our method detected C4d in the plasmas of some patients with rheumatoid arthritis, hereditary angioedema, systemic lupus erythematosus, or chronic urticaria with hypocomplementemia. These studies indicated that determination of the C4d/C4 ratio is useful in the evaluation of in vivo C activation and also may be applicable to the study and management of diseases associated with C activation. | |
| 6520839 | Felty's syndrome in a child. | 1984 Dec | The occurrence of the triad of leukopenia, splenomegaly and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (Felty's syndrome) during childhood has not been reported previously. We describe an adolescent with onset during childhood of seropositive, nodular, erosive, polyarticular RA in whom both leukopenia and splenomegaly were accompanying features. Neither nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents nor plasmapheresis were therapeutically beneficial, but low dose oral prednisone therapy resulted in both clinical and hematological improvement. | |
| 6342296 | Systemic lupus erythematosus and the crithidia luciliae immunofluorescent test. A comparat | 1983 Jan | A comparative study of the Crithidia luciliae immunofluorescence (CL-IF) assay and an adapted Farr radioimmunoassay (RIA), for the measurement of antibodies to native deoxyribonucleic acid, was performed using forty-two sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and another forty-two from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Both assays were specific for SLE. The CL-IF assay was statistically significantly more sensitive than the adapted RIA assay. This significant difference was due to greater sensitivity of the CL-IF assay in the cases of sera from patients with SLE of slight activity. Additional advantages of the CL-IF assay were its use to classify the immunoglobulin types of the antibodies (most commonly IgG or IgM) and to measure complement-fixing antibodies to native deoxyribonucleic acid; it affords a simple method of selecting and following SLE patients at risk of developing severe renal disease. These advantages plus the simplicity and inexpensiveness of the CL-IF assay make it a useful tool, especially for use in small laboratories, for the study of antibodies to native deoxyribonucleic acid in patients with SLE. | |
| 6457583 | The effect of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) factors on T suppressor cell function in | 1981 | Lysosome proteins derived from peripheral blood granulocytes of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), lupus erythematosus (LE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and recurrent uveitis cause the impairment of Con A-induced suppressor cell activity in two-step culture in vitro. This effect is independent of lysosome protease activity. Such a phenomenon, observed in vitro, may cause disturbances in suppressor cell function in the course of the above diseases. | |
| 155125 | Effects of potassium para-aminobenzoate on growth and macromolecule synthesis in fibroblas | 1979 Apr | Potassium para-aminobenzoate was tested for its ability to affect growth and macromolecule synthesis in vitro using fibroblasts from normal human skin, from affected skin of patients with scleroderma, and rheumatoid synovial cells. The proliferation of all 3 cell types showed dose-dependent inhibition beginning at about 3000 microgram/ml. Acid mucopolysaccharide secretion by rheumatoid synovial cells and scleroderma fibroblasts was inhibited even at 100 microgram/ml, which is within the therapeutic range, and there was over 50% inhibition at 5000 microgram/ml. Collagen synthesis by several different strains, was not affected, despite the use of a range of concentrations and treatment times. | |
| 6608861 | Enzyme-linked immunoassay for human granulocyte elastase in complex with alpha 1-proteinas | 1984 | Granulocyte elastase in complex with its main inhibitor in plasma, i.e. alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor, was quantitatively determined by incubating the sample with solid-phase fixed antibodies against elastase first and reacting then with alkaline phosphatase-labelled antibodies against alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor. In normal plasma a level of 97.5 +/- 25.8 micrograms elastase/1 (mean +/- s.d., n = 43) was found, whereas moderately to markedly increased plasma concentrations were demonstrated in a variety of patients with inflammatory diseases like septicemia or rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 7388676 | Occurrence of globulin-like migrating blood albumins, or GLIMBAL, in pathological rat and | 1980 Jan | The presence in the serum of albumins having a globulin-like electrophoretic mobility (globulin-like migrating blood albumins or GLIMBAL) has been determined by immunoelectrophoresis in rat and human sera. GLIMBAL have been detected occasionally (14%) in rat sera during the acute inflammation induced by yeast injection. GLIMBAL were, on the other hand, present in pathological human sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (50%), systemic lupus erythematosus (69%), and liver disease (17%). These data indicate that the occurrence of GLIMBAL in human sera is more frequent than previously described. Many pathological conditions are accompanied by electrophoretic changes of serum, consisting of an increase of globulins and eventually albumin decrease; our data indicate that these changes may in some conditions reflect a process of albumin transformation rather than an increase in globulin synthesis. | |
| 6115463 | Critical evaluation of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels in rheumatoid arthritis and la | 1981 Apr | Fifty patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were studied to find a possible correlation between some humoral parameters, considered as indexes of the active inflammation, and serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP); 31 patients with osteoarthrosis were examined as controls. The low coefficient of correlation, obtained in subjects with RA, between GGTP and CRP, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, fibrinogen and ESR (p less than 0.05) seems to indicate that measurement of this enzyme is of little practical value as an index of the activity of RA. Furthermore, the resulting correlations between serum GGTP and other liver function tests in relation to anti-inflammatory and sedative therapy in patients with RA are considered. | |
| 790554 | Clinical evaluation of ketoprofen (19.583 R.P.) in rheumatoid arthritis. Double-blind cros | 1976 | In a double-blind cross-over trial the clinical efficacy of ketoprofen (19.583 R.P., Orudis, Profenid N.D.), in comparison with that of indomethacin was investigated in 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The two drugs were each given in a dosage of 150 mg daily for a period of 14 days. The clinical effects of ketoprofen and indomethacin were equal (p less than 0.90), but several side-effects appeared less often and to a milder degree during ketoprofen treatment. The study indicates that ketoprofen may prove to be a valuable drug in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 790546 | A double-blind cross-over study of ketoprofen and phenylbutazone in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1976 | A double-blind cross-over trial was carried out in 50 patients with definite rheumatoid arthritis, in order to compare the effects of 300 mg/day of ketoprofen with those of 600 mg/day of phenylbutazone, e.g. the maximal clinically used doses of each drug. The treatment period on each drug was two weeks. There was no statistically significant difference between the drugs with the six parameters studied, either on subjective or objective evaluation. Both drugs were superior to the conventional treatment given before the trial. The side-effects did not differ significantly for each product, except that the central nervous symptoms were less frequent with ketoprofen. Ketoprofen thus seems to be an effective and acceptable drug for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6348949 | Low dose oral methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis: an uncontrolled trial and review of th | 1983 May | New therapeutic alternatives are needed for patients with progressive RA unresponsive to gold or D-penicillamine. Azathioprine and cyclophosphamide can be effective but have been linked with the development of lymphoreticular malignancies. In an effort to exploit a less toxic agent, we have been impressed by the results and minimal toxicity of low dose oral MTX. Extensive application of this regimen in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis indicates that low dose MTX does not have an unusual risk for developing cancer. In addition, prior experience with other rheumatic disorders and preliminary studies on the mechanism of action suggest a potential value in RA. We present our initial retrospective results in 28 patients with refractory RA given low dose oral MTX over the past 2.5 yr. An apparent positive response was noted in 19 of these patients (67%) and is similar to the experience of other clinicians. At the same time, the toxicity has been low and, with one exception, amenable to dose modification. Methotrexate in various regimens is being increasingly employed in refractory RA. Issues concerning the pharmacology and potential toxicity are, therefore, important. These topics are reviewed with emphasis on low dose therapy and hepatotoxicity. Despite the encouraging preliminary results it is unclear whether MTX can prevent erosions or improve long-term function and quality of life in RA. There are still no controlled perspective studies comparing MTX to placebo or other immunosuppressive agents in RA. Although short-term toxicity is low, long-term toxicity, especially hepatic, is uncertain. As a result, a controlled, long-term prospective study is necessary. | |
| 3904644 | Antigens related to the major internal protein, p27, of a psoriasis associated retrovirus- | 1985 Nov | A rabbit antiserum against the major internal protein, p27, of a psoriasis associated retrovirus-like particle has been applied in an immunofluorescence assay for the detection of antigens cross reacting with p27 in patients with psoriatic arthritis, seronegative rheumatoid arthritis, or ankylosing spondylitis. Antigens reacting with anti-p27 antibodies were present in lymphocytes from blood or synovial fluid from all patients examined. However, the expression was restricted to 0.01-0.1% of the cells. Among the positive p27 cells were cells reacting with markers for T, B, or NK cells. The anti-p27 antibodies also reacted with mononuclear cells in the synovial membrane and with the internal wall of some small or medium sized vessels in sections of synovial biopsy specimens from the patients with chronic arthritis. The reaction with mononuclear synovial membrane cells was restricted to approximately 0.1% of the cells. Blood lymphocytes or synovial sections from healthy persons did not react with the anti-p27 antibodies. The implication of these observations in the pathogenesis of chronic arthritis in man is discussed. |