Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1662566 | Rheumatoid arthritis and hepatitis C virus antibodies. | 1991 Nov | The prevalence of antibodies against the hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in patients seropositive for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and suffering from this disease has been analyzed in comparison to a control group. Our results suggest that the high rate of prevalence found in RA patients is due to IgG interference in the measuring method used. | |
| 3625625 | Autoantibodies and antibodies to microorganisms in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison of his | 1987 Jun | A selection of antibodies to microorganisms were assayed on sera from a group of 12 pairs of HLA identical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) discordant siblings. Our results did not show any consistent quantitative or qualitative differences between RA and non-RA. However, autoantibodies were commoner and of higher titer in the subjects with RA. There was a difference in the antibodies to intrinsic antigens in RA which was not reflected in the antibodies to extrinsic antigens. | |
| 2532973 | [The clinical significance of synovial fluid examination]. | 1989 Aug | Synovial fluids from patients were examined, including 15 cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); 9 cases of sero-negative arthropathy (3 cases of ankylosing spondylitis, 6 cases of reactive arthritis); 1 case of gout arthritis; and 5 cases of osteoarthritis. The synovial fluids contained 330-72600 white blood cells/mm3, 9-97% of which were granulocytes, in RA patients. Other physical features of RA fluids were: straw green color, cloudy or unclear; moderate viscosity; fair or poor mucin clotting; lack of crystals and bacteria. Synthesis of the above may contribute to the diagnosis of RA. We also found that IgG, IgA and IgM of serum and IgG of synovial fluids in 15 cases of RA were higher than in the other arthritis groups; the IgM-RF positive rates of RA synovial fluids and sera were 20% and 35.7% respectively, while all were negative in the other groups. Immunoglobulins and complement levels in the synovial fluids of all the tested arthritis cases were about half of those in the serum. | |
| 3480611 | Temporomandibular joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. A clinical study. | 1987 | The aims of this thesis were to investigate individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with respect to the frequency and character of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder, the relationship between TMJ involvement and general joint disease, the possibility to detect pathologic conditions in the TMJ region with skin surface temperature, and treatment effect of physical training on TMJ disorder. TMJ disorder was more frequent and more severe in RA than among normal subjects. The TMJ symptoms started frequently in the early phase of RA and were correlated to the extension of the general joint symptoms. Anterior open bite occurs in a small subgroup of RA individuals and was associated with severe TMJ disorder and high values of ESR. High concentration of serum acute-phase reactants and high values of rheumatologic indices were associated with severe TMJ involvement in RA. Skin surface temperature over the TMJ and the masseter muscle was generally low in individuals with RA compared with normal subjects. TMJ disorder was related to the overlying skin surface temperature. The low temperature over the TMJ and the masseter muscle is probably caused by disuse atrophy and an ensuing decrease in muscular blood flow. Short-term results of physical training for the stomatognathic system improved the mandibular mobility and reduced the clinical dysfunction in RA. | |
| 3379621 | Pain in rheumatoid arthritis: relationship to demographic, medical, and psychological fact | 1988 Mar | Our purpose was to investigate the relationship among demographic, medical, and psychological factors and self-reported pain in 135 patients with classic or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients were examined using the systemic index, articular index, McGill Pain Questionnaire, Symptom Checklist-90-R, and a pain visual analogue scale. Multiple regression analyses found no significant relationships between pain and the medical variables. However, age, income, and selected psychological variables were significantly correlated with pain reports. The greatest pain management challenge occurred in patients who were middle-aged, living on limited incomes, and experiencing major stresses in everyday life. These high risk pain patients were also worry-prone and felt isolated and lacking in social support. Attention to these related psychosocial problems is recommended as an important pain management strategy in RA. | |
| 3357457 | A physiological approach to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid and other high-protein arthropa | 1988 Feb | In many types of arthropathy the synovial fluid (SF) oxygen tension and glucose levels often are low and associated with lactic acidosis which, unless joints are insensitive to the lack of fuel and oxygen, must contribute to joint damage. To such hypoxic-ischaemic changes can contribute quite a number of rheological and other mechanisms and synovial necroses, but also tamponade due to increased SF hydrostatic pressure caused by colloid osmotic forces (pi) in SF with a high protein concentration. pi in SF can be increased by numerous mechanisms, many of which are active in patients with rheumatoid and other arthropathies. The present compilation shows that the above in a dynamic fashion can be covered by equations elaborated by physiologists. | |
| 2742404 | Circadian rhythm of serum cytidine deaminase in patients with rheumatoid arthritis during | 1989 Jun | Circadian rhythm of serum cytidine deaminase and C reactive protein was assessed in 11 inpatients with rheumatoid arthritis who were crossed between 24 hours of bed rest and 24 hours of normal ward activity. Blood was taken at six hourly intervals and the results analysed by fitting sine waves with an assumed period of 24 hours to the measured concentrations. Cytidine deaminase after activity, but not at rest, showed circadian variation, with a 24 hour mean level of 17.4 units (normal 3-13 units) and an amplitude of 1.1 units. The circadian variation, defined as the curve's peak to trough difference as a percentage of the 24 hour mean, was 12.3% and occurred at 1208 hours. C reactive protein showed no significant circadian rhythm, in keeping with published findings. The timing of the peak in serum cytidine deaminase concentrations after a period of morning physiotherapy, but not during the bedrest morning, suggests that exercise accounts for the circadian rhythm, probably by increasing the lymphatic clearance from inflamed joints. | |
| 2117660 | Interferon-gamma induced exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus. | 1990 Jun | A patient with presumed rheumatoid arthritis based on clinical and serological evidence was subjected by her physician to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) therapy and developed a life threatening multiorgan flare of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Pulse cyclophosphamide therapy in conjunction with plasmapheresis led to complete remission. Retrospective analysis of serum drawn before IFN-gamma was started revealed high DNA binding capacity. Thus, similar to observations in lupus-prone animals, IFN-gamma may have induced an exacerbation of preexisting SLE. | |
| 3226363 | Lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis--groups of defects in microdebridement (polyg | 1988 Dec | Lupus erythematosus (LE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are groups of defects in microdebridement of tissue which includes removal of infectious agents and cellular debris. They are the phenotypic response to a number of polygenetic and/or induced defects. The recognized clinical patterns of these disorders are the responses to accumulated tissue debris and complications of secondary debridement mechanisms that cannot function properly due to basic defects in the debridement system. The series of events that occurs after infection or tissue damage is polygenetic and involve multiple pathways. Genetic polymorphism of this group of mechanisms increases survival against a wider variety of infections. An organism capable of bypassing or destroying a specific step in the host defense is still eliminated by the host in spite of the created defect (a fault tolerant system). However, a single mutant error of this same step creating the same defect will not disrupt the host to the point of clinical illness or death. The pathways are broad enough to bypass some mutant errors. It is the same fault tolerant system. Increased pressure on the system from infection or tissue damage or a combination of multiple genetic defects results in enough faults to exceed the threshold of fault tolerance and produce clinical patterns of disease. The large number of possible combinations of defects gives rise to marked disease variation among patients. The higher frequency of some defects or combination of defects ces subsets. Inbred strains of animals have less polymorphism and thus some strains have a greater susceptibility to infections, LE and RA. Many of the phenomena that occur in LE and RA are secondary to the basic defect of inadequate tissue debridement. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is generally a normal beneficial phenomenon of increasing particle size so that immune complexes can more readily be removed by the reticuloendothelial system. In the presence of defective microdebridement the system is overloaded and no longer effective. This results in circulating RF. There are clearly multiple basic genetic defects. For example, the known multiple genetic defects in complement in LE are relevant to the systems involved. They are important ligands for defense and debridement mechanisms. A null allele is not likely to be a secondary phenomenon. It might be in a fault tolerant site and contribute to disease in one host, and yet not contribute to disease in another host.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) | |
| 3382309 | 'Rhupus' syndrome. | 1988 Jul | Occasionally patients with overlapping features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), termed "rhupus," have been encountered. We wanted to ascertain the frequency of such patients and determine whether they represent a unique overlap syndrome. Of approximately 7000 new patients evaluated over 11 years, we identified six patients who had, on the average, 6.7 American Rheumatism Association criteria for RA and 4.2 criteria for SLE. Criteria for RA included chronic symmetric arthritis with morning stiffness (six patients); subcutaneous nodules (two patients); positive rheumatoid factors test (four patients); and radiologic erosions (four patients). The criteria for SLE included malar rash (three patients); discoid lupus erythematosus (two patients); biopsy-proved nephritis (one patient); photosensitivity (one patient); leukopenia/thrombocytopenia (four patients); positive antinuclear antibodies or lupus erythematosus cell test (six patients); hypocomplementemia (two patients); and abnormal results from skin biopsy (two patients). During observations of up to ten years, the conditions of three patients were stable or improved, one died, and two were unavailable for follow-up. Patients usually did not have conditions that evolved to classic rheumatic disease patterns. Rhupus was not common and did not occur more frequently (0.09% prevalence among our patients) than expected from chance concurrence of SLE and RA (calculated at 1.2%). These observations confirm that rhupus indeed exists as a syndrome manifested by patients sharing features of probable coincidental concurrence of RA and SLE, but not as a unique clinical pathologic or immunologic syndrome. Appreciation of these patients with rhupus is important since their therapy and outcome differ from those having RA or SLE alone. | |
| 2182170 | Radiological progression in rheumatoid arthritis: do D-penicillamine and hydroxychloroquin | 1990 Apr | We studied 43 patients with active rheumatoid disease of less than 4 years' duration: 23 were given hydroxychloroquine and 20 penicillamine. Efficacy was assessed using clinical and laboratory variables. Radiological progression was measured using Larsen's method for scoring plain radiographs of the hands and feet. Twenty-four patients received 2 years' continuous therapy. Clinically both drugs were effective with falls in articular index and C-reactive protein. Initial radiological damage was less with penicillamine (P less than 0.05 by Wilcoxon rank sum test). By 2 years there were no significant differences between the two drugs; mean increases in Larsen score were 20.3 with penicillamine and 27.5 with hydroxychloroquine. Both groups progressed at a rate likely to give severe joint destruction over 10-20 years. | |
| 2366170 | Managing chronic foot pain. A case report. | 1990 May | The management of chronic pain may be enhanced by a multidisciplinary approach. When this method is effective, patients report significant improvement in their quality of life. A case report involving a multidisciplinary approach is presented. | |
| 2204510 | Serum aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide in early rheumatoid arthritis: relation t | 1990 Jul | Serum levels of the aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide (S-PIIINP) have been used as markers of proliferative inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a prognostic significance has been suggested. To test this further we have measured S-PIIINP longitudinally for 2 years in 66 patients with definite RA and a disease duration of less than 2 years, and related the levels to clinical, biochemical, and radiographic findings. In this patient group the correlations between S-PIIINP and ESR and CRP, respectively, were higher than those obtained between S-PIIINP and articular indices, and markedly higher than in patients with RA of longer duration. Patients with normal mean levels of S-PIIINP during the study period had a significantly slower rate of radiographic progression than patients with elevated mean levels of S-PIIINP. ESR yielded in general higher correlations with the joint damage process than did S-PIIINP. The correlations between S-PIIINP and the joint damage scores increased with time. A multiple regression analysis showed that ESR explained most of the variance in joint damage progression over 2 years, but S-PIIINP added independent information. About one third of the variance could be explained by the two variables. | |
| 2348502 | Audiovestibular functions in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1990 Apr | Audiologic, middle ear impedance and vestibular function tests were administered to 25 patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis and 25 normal control subjects of 30 to 50 years age group. Any possible influence of other common causes of hearing loss was avoided by carefully selecting the patients. Six patients had mild sensorineural hearing loss and another had bilateral mixed hearing loss. Results of tone decay test, speech reception threshold, speech discrimination score and short increment sensitivity index tests suggested cochlear pathology being responsible for the sensorineural hearing loss. There was no statistical correlation between hearing loss or otoadmittance abnormality and duration or activity of rheumatoid arthritis or positivity of rheumatoid factor. Electronystagmographic recording of saccades and bithermal caloric induced nystagmus revealed no significant abnormality. | |
| 2919299 | The surgery of the rheumatoid wrist: postoperative appearances and complications of the mo | 1989 | There is considerable orthopedic interest in the surgical management of rheumatoid arthritis involving the wrist. Surgery is being used more frequently in treating this condition, and many surgical options are available. The biomechanical basis, indications, postoperative appearances, and complications of these many operations should be known to the radiologist involved in preoperative care and postoperative follow-up. Some of the more frequent procedures are presented, and the complications are discussed. | |
| 3415365 | Spinal trabecular bone mineral content in patients with non-steroid treated rheumatoid art | 1988 Aug | Spinal trabecular bone mineral content was measured in the first, second, and third lumbar vertebrae by quantitative computed tomography in 88 patients with non-steroid treated rheumatoid arthritis. Results were compared with those obtained in 105 healthy control subjects. The mean bone mineral content in the patient group, 135.8 (SD 32.8) mg/ml K2HOP4, was significantly lower than that in the controls (151.9 (32.1) mg/ml, p less than 0.01). Division of patients and controls into three age groups showed that the reduction in bone mineral content was most marked in the youngest age group (21-40 years), the mean value in male patients being significantly lower than in controls (149.6 (51.3) v 171.7 (23.9) mg/ml K2HPO4, p less than 0.05); in female patients in this age group the corresponding values were 160 (26.1) v 178.4 (22.0) mg/ml, 0.05 less than p less than 0.1). No significant difference in mean values between patients and controls was found in the other age groups. Of the 88 patients, six (7%) had abnormally low values, defined as a bone mineral content greater than 2 SD below the normal mean. One vertebral crush fracture was found in one patient but not in any of the controls. No correlation was found between bone mineral content and body weight, duration of disease, or disability as assessed by the London and Steinbroker methods. These results demonstrate a lower spinal trabecular bone mineral content in non-steroid treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis than in age and sex matched controls, the difference being most marked in younger patients. The finding of abnormally low values in 7% of the patients indicates a slightly increased prevalence of spinal osteoporosis in these patients. | |
| 3823797 | Incidence of hip involvement and need for total hip replacement in rheumatoid arthritis. A | 1986 | In an 8-year follow-up of a prospective study of recent arthritis, 103 patients were found to have erosive and 97% seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. A 20% incidence of hip joint involvement was observed among them. Moderate radiological changes could be seen in 10%, severe destruction (Larsen 4 or 5) in 3%, and acetabular protrusion in 1% of the patients. It was estimated that the minimum annual need of total hip replacement in rheumatoid arthritis in Finland would be 470. This is about 100 per million in the overall population. At the end of the follow-up the Larsen X-ray index was highly significantly (p less than 0.001), ESR significantly (p less than 0.005), and CRP clearly (p less than 0.03) higher in the 13 patients with radiologically confirmed hip changes than in the 90 without them. Thus their hip destruction is attributable to a more severe disease condition and not to the glucocorticoids administered. Furthermore, HLA-B27 was positive in 69% of the above-mentioned 13 patients compared with 27% of the rest, and this difference (p less than 0.005) may also explain the poor prognosis for true rheumatoid arthritis patients. | |
| 1757926 | Older versus younger onset rheumatoid arthritis: results at onset and after 2 years of a p | 1991 Sep | The influence of age at onset was studied in a prospective followup of early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients greater than or equal to 60 years (n = 71) showed significantly more often an onset in both large and small joints and higher disease activity at the start compared with patients less than 60 years (n = 142). The higher disease activity was still present after 2 years of followup (greater than or equal to 60 years, n = 46, less than 60 years, n = 101); as well, there was a tendency towards more radiographic damage. Rheumatoid factor (RF) and DR4 were comparable in both age groups. Our data show a more severe course in older age RA. This disagreement with the literature is probably due to the fact that many studies are cross sectional with unbalance of RF in the 2 age groups. | |
| 2786438 | Bone GLA protein (BGP) levels and bone turnover in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1989 Jun | Bone GLA protein (BGP) and other biochemical indices of bone turnover were measured in 42 female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in a group of normal subjects matched for sex and age. Mean serum BGP concentrations were significantly higher in patients with active arthritis than in patients with mild activity (p less than 0.01) and controls (p less than 0.01). No significant difference was found in serum BGP levels and in other parameters of bone turnover when the patients were stratified according to functional class or duration of disease. There was a correlation between BGP and alkaline phosphatase levels only in RA patients with high activity of disease. Our data suggest an accelerated bone turnover in patients with active RA. We infer that in such patients the impairment of bone metabolism is a determinant of RA-associated osteopenia. Disease activity rather than functional impairment or duration of arthritis should be regarded as a factor in the bone loss of RA. | |
| 1865411 | Analysis of methotrexate treatment effect in a longitudinal observational study: utility o | 1991 May | We studied 235 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) beginning therapy with methotrexate utilizing a k-means clustering algorithm. Four groups were identified: mild RA (Group 3), very severe RA (Group 4), and 2 groups intermediate in severity (Groups 1 and 2). Group 2, the largest of the clusters (n = 89), appeared to have greater tolerability of RA as measured by severity and psychological variables, and took the drug almost twice as long as other groups, although improvement was not greater nor side effects fewer. All groups improved over a mean of 1.9 years, and the degree of improvement was not related to the initial severity classification. Improvement occurred almost equally in all clusters, and the relative ranking of the groups was maintained at study closure. |