Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6432418 | Oral gold: a comparison with placebo and with intramuscular sodium aurothiomalate. | 1984 Mar | The therapeutic and toxic effects of the orally absorbed gold compound auranofin have been compared with placebo and parenterally administered sodium aurothiomalate (GST) in 90 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis over one year. At the end of this period 57% of patients on auranofin, 73% on GST and 0% on placebo remained on therapy. Toxicity caused discontinuation of therapy in 10% of patients on auranofin, 20% on GST and 7% on placebo. Lack of response to therapy led to withdrawal of 20% on auranofin, 0% on GST and 90% on placebo. Multiple clinical and biochemical assessments were performed during this study. Analysing them separately, and in the case of 6 of them grouped together in a disease activity index, the same trend is apparent throughout, namely that placebo has no effect on active inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis, and that both gold drugs are beneficial. GST has an earlier effect and tends to produce a greater change but after one year there was no significant difference between the 2 gold drugs for any parameter assessed. Gold levels in plasma or erythrocytes did not predict or correlate with either the development of toxicity or clinical efficacy. This study has demonstrated the second-line potential of auranofin which seems to be effective at gold concentrations in the blood below those observed with GST therapy. Toxicity limits the use of gold salts in RA. If the reduced incidence of adverse reaction with auranofin observed in this study is substantiated in larger numbers over prolonged periods, the use of gold at an earlier stage of disease may be facilitated. | |
| 6742911 | Shoulder joint rupture and pseudothrombosis in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 Jun | A patient with rheumatoid arthritis developed sudden unilateral oedema of the right arm resembling vascular obstruction and was shown to have a ruptured shoulder joint. | |
| 3891002 | X-radiation in the management of rheumatoid disease. | 1985 May | Few topics are more emotive than the use of radiotherapy for nonlethal diseases. Memories of Hiroshima and of patients with ankylosing spondylitis dying of leukaemia following irradiation haunt the physician. Nevertheless, there are exciting developments in our understanding of total lymphoid irradiation - a modality that results in striking immunosuppression. Should total lymphoid irradiation be used for rheumatoid disease? | |
| 598127 | Biomechanical gait analysis of the diseased knee joint. | 1977 Jul | Clinical and roentgenographic examinations do not provide objective information on the functional performance of a diseased knee joint. In the present study, biomechanical parameters of knee joint function for 95 patients (162 knees) with rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative joint disease were studied in a gait laboratory and compared with those for 29 normal subjects. Gait abnormalities of the patient groups were significant and were related more to the functional status of the knee than to patient age and sex or the specific diagnosis. Knee joint disease produced an inefficient gait that seemed to mitigate joint pain (by reducing poorly tolerated compressive forces on the joint) and to increase proprioceptive feedback (in order to increase dynamic muscular control of the unstable joint). Biomechanical parameters were statistically correlated with some clinical and roentgenographic features to allow standardization of functional assessment of the diseased knee joint. | |
| 7244578 | Histopathological findings in joint diseases. Comparison with enzymatic changes and clinic | 1981 | The histopathological diagNoses of 155 rheumatoid and osteoarthrotic patients, when made without knowing the clinical data, were in agreement with that made by clinicians in 70% of cases. No single histological feature was pathognomonic for either disease, though synovial tissue was most important for the diagnosis. Some correlations between histopathological changes, enzymatic status of joint compartments and the clinical laboratory data were found, but only in the case of mild synovitis. In the more severe synovitis cases, and in diseased cartilage and bone of rheumatoid and osteoarthrotic joints, the enzymatic changes were not systematically related with particular histopathological features. The histology reflects the past, while the enzymatic status anticipates the forthcoming events. | |
| 518141 | Another look at osteoarthritis. | 1979 Oct | One hundred consecutive cases of osteoarthritis seen in a medical clinic have been reviewed and contrasted with 100 patients with rheumatoid disease. Osteoarthritis was usually a polyarticular disease and as symmetrical in distribution as rheumatoid; the knees and hands were the most commonly involved sites. Evidence of inflammation was often found in patients with osteoarthritis and included morning stiffness, redness of distal interphalangeal joints, warmth, and effusions in the knees. In many cases there was either radiological or electron microscopical evidence of deposition of calcium salts. These findings do not support the concept of osteoarthritis as a mechanical, noninflammatory 'wear and tear' condition. An active metabolic abnormality of articular cartilage resulting in cartilage destruction, calcification, and inflammation is suggested as being more compatible with the findings. | |
| 6586148 | A comparison of plasma methylprednisolone concentrations following intra-articular injecti | 1983 Dec | Plasma concentrations of methylprednisolone following intra-articular injection were measured in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. While substantial plasma concentrations were seen in both groups of patients there was no significant difference in the rate or extent of absorption of methylprednisolone from osteoarthritic or rheumatoid knees. This study suggests that it is the dissolution rate of the steroid formulation rather than the characteristics of the synovial membrane which determine rate and extent of systemic absorption of methylprednisolone after intra-articular injection. | |
| 1018089 | Opera-glass hand in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1976 Nov | Characteristic deformities occur in the fingers, thumb, and wrist in the opera-glass hand in rheumatoid arthritis. Shortening and instability are the result of bone resorption and dislocation and can be severely disabling. Early spontaneous fusion of the proximal interphalangeal joint preserves digital length. Functional improvement can be obtained in the fingers by interphalangeal joint arthrodesis and metacarpophalangeal prosthetic arthroplasty and in the thumb with metacarpophalangeal and/or interphalangeal arthrodesis. With interphalangeal arthrodesis, interposition grafts often are required in order to restore length and secure fusion. "Prophylactic" arthrodesis of interphalangeal joints should be considered when resorption seems imminent. | |
| 786855 | [Immunodiagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis author's transl)]. | 1976 Apr | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) presents a variety of immunological phenomena which can be of considerable diagnostic value. Of great significance is the determination of rheumatoid factors. Other autoantibodies are common but not specific for RA. Nevertheless the detection of such antibodies is beneficial for differential diagnostic considerations. Commonly demonstrated in rheumatoid arthritis are immune complexes which can be either soluble or within conclusions of circulating blood leucocytes or of synovial cells. Complement diminution can also be observed in RA, seldom in the serum, more often in synovial effusions. Like other humoral immune findings it lacks also disease specificity. A functional impairment of cellular immunity has also been postulated for rheumatoid arthritis, however the techniques for its demonstration are still cumbersome and cannot be easily used for routine diagnostic procedures. In conclusion, none of the immunological findings in RA is specific, however together with the anamnestic and clinical data it is possible to establish an exact diagnosis of this disease. | |
| 890610 | A non-permanent tonic pupil in rheumatoid arteritis. | 1977 Aug | A 76-year-old male with a severely deforming rheumatoid arthritis, eosinophilia, polymyositis, and episcleritis developed a transient tonic pupil. The episcleritis, and a muscle biopsy revealing an occlusive arteritis with eosinophilia, suggest that a wide-spread rheumatoid arteritis caused a reversible ischemic insult to the ciliary ganglion and thus created a transient denervation of the pupil. | |
| 6697076 | Unbound plasma salicylate concentration in rheumatoid arthritis patients. | 1984 Feb | This study was designed to investigate the relationship of free plasma salicylate to total plasma salicylate and to determine the clinical utility of monitoring the free plasma salicylate concentration. Analysis of 46 patient samples indicated a close correlation between the free and total plasma concentration and that there is no additional advantage to monitoring the free plasma salicylate concentration. Also this study re-emphasizes the unique pharmacokinetic characteristics of salicylate, whereby the amount of free plasma salicylate increases disproportionately with increased total plasma salicylate concentration. | |
| 310574 | Factors affecting the development of penicillamine side-effects. | 1978 Feb | Characteristics of patients on penicillamine therapy for rheumatoid arthritis were correlated with the occurrence of different side-effects. Patients developing proteinuria tended to have lower sheep-cell agglutination test titres prior to therapy, but no other correlations were found. It is postulated that rheumatoid factor reacts with immune complexes, causing their precipitation and reducing renal glomerular deposition and therefore the incidence of proteinuria. Penicillamine would surely be the first choice of anti-rheumatic therapy if it were not for its side-effects. It is capable of controlling the disease, but in many cases treatment must be interrupted because of some potentially serious side-effects, such as thrombocytopenia, rash or nephropathy. Understanding the mode of action of a drug may lead to the development of new and better compounds. Similarly, understanding the mechanism of the side-effects may lead to their elimination. This survey was designed to identify factors which influenced the development of particular side-effects in patients receiving penicillamine for rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 950628 | Septic arthritis in patients with rheumatoid disease: a still underdiagnosed complication. | 1976 Jun | Eight cases of septic arthritis occurring in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are reviewed. The difficulty in diagnosis of this condition is due in part to a failure of these patients to respond normally to infection. Consequently patients often present late in the course of their septic episode and treatment is often delayed. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment of the infection is stressed by the high mortality rate in this group of patients. Many factors operate to encourage infection in rheumatoid arthritis and the current concepts of the problem are reviewed. | |
| 6647528 | Serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels in rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative joint disea | 1983 Oct | Serum copper concentration and ceruloplasmin activity were measured in patients with clinically established rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.) during the active phase, in patients with degenerative joint disease (D.J.D.) and in normal subjects. Copper and ceruloplasmin serum levels are significantly increased (P less than 0.01) in the arthritic group, but not in the degenerative joint disease group. Copper and ceruloplasmin levels are high significantly correlated in all the groups. This parallel enhancement of serum copper and ceruloplasmin in R.A. is commented in view of a possible protective role of endogenous copper and/or ceruloplasmin in inflammation. | |
| 6352096 | Antibodies to cardiac conducting tissue and abnormalities of cardiac conduction in rheumat | 1983 Sep | The prevalence of antibodies to cardiac conducting tissue and cardiac conduction electrocardiographic abnormalities were studied in 60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Complete or incomplete right bundle branch block (RBBB) was found in 21 patients (35%). Antibodies to cardiac conducting tissue were found in 16 (76%) of the 21 with RBBB and in eight (21%) of the 39 without RBBB. Cardiac conducting tissue antibodies (CCTA) were found only in one of 42 patients with RBBB unrelated to RA and in two out of 60 normal subjects. This newly documented immunological abnormality is thus correlated with disorder of conducting tissue. | |
| 1091654 | Surgical treatment of the symptomatic unstable cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1975 Apr | In rheumatoid arthritis spontaneous subluxation of cervical vertebrae is not infrequent and can usually be managed by conservative treatment. Surgical treatment, however, is necessary when there is neural involvement. Of twelve patients who had spine fusion for atlanto-axial subluxation only six had solid union. When conservative treatment fails, reduction by halo traction and arthrodesis of the cervical spine is the method recommended, but the best method of post-operative care remains uncertain. In these patients postoperative immobilization was provided by various methods, including a halo cast or brace, but no method appeared to be superior. | |
| 873623 | IgG anti-gamma-globulin factor in rheumatoid arthritis sera detected by mixed agglutinatio | 1977 | In mixed agglutination tests with patient's sera and sensitized sheep erythrocytes on a glass slide, IgG rheumatoid factor was dected in 15 of 30 rheumatoid arthritis, 3 of 4 progressive systemic sclerosis and 1 of 3 systemic lupus erythematosus sera as well as in 3 of 4 synovial fluids of rheumatoid patients but in none of 10 normal sera. The IgG nature of this factor was confirmed by demonstrating this factor in IgG fractions of positive sera eluted from DEAE-cellulose and its insensitivity to mercaptoethanol. | |
| 459560 | Total joint arthroplasty. Introduction to the upper extremity. | 1979 Aug | Total joint replacement in the upper extremity has developed in step with that of the lower extremity. The indications for treatment, the place of total joint arthroplasty in contrast to other forms of arthroplasty, and the criteria for patient selection have recently been classified. A number of problem areas are under biomechanical and clinical study, and most investigators are proceeding cautiously. In properly selected patients, however, prosthetic replacement offers great improvement in both relief of pain and joint function, and improvement should continue. The patient and physician should recognize the limitations that are inherent in any "artificial joint" replacement. Realistic expectations would be for improvement that approaches, but rarely achieves, normal function. | |
| 6604813 | DR antigen distribution in Blacks with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1983 Aug | DR antigen distribution was studied in 85 Blacks with either classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Sixty-three were seropositive and 22 were seronegative by latex fixation titer. The frequency of DR4 was 7.41% in our control Black population (n = 162), 22.22% in the seropositive (0.01 greater than p greater than 0.001; RR 3.57) and 22.72% in the seronegative RA (0.01 greater than p greater than 0.001; RR 3.67). Our data confirm the association of DR4 with seropositive RA in Blacks, and suggest a similar association of DR4 with seronegative RA. It also suggests that DR4 may be a risk factor for more aggressive disease in Blacks with seropositive RA. | |
| 6623012 | Clinical synovitis and radiological lesions in rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective study o | 1983 | The joints of hands and feet of 25 patients (1150 joints) with rheumatoid arthritis were compared, joint by joint, clinically and radiologically, over 2 years of treatment with remission-inducing drugs. Joints with clinical signs of synovitis decreased from 47% to 17% (p less than 0.001), while the number of joints with radiological lesions increased from 23% to 27% (p less than 0.01). Definite radiological progression of bone lesions was seen in 7% of the joints. Joints with clinical synovitis had a higher risk of progressive bone damage than joints without clinical synovitis (p less than 0.001) and joints in which the clinical signs of synovitis persisted during the study had a higher risk of progressing bone lesions than joints in which the clinical synovitis subsided (p less than 0.001). Progressive bone damage was seen more often in swollen joints than in tender joints without swelling or joints without clinical signs of synovitis (p less than 0.001), the difference in radiological progression between the latter two groups being non-significant. Twenty-one per cent of the joints with progressive bone lesions had no clinical signs of synovitis during the period. |