Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6954398 | The activities of daily living index in rheumatoid arthritis: an observer variation study. | 1982 May 26 | The Northwick Park activities of daily living (ADL) index was used to assess functional disability in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Assessments were carried out by two pairs of observers and inter-observer variation was studied. No significant differences were found between observers for the total independence score and the total time taken to complete individual tasks. A significant difference was found between observers in Pair A with regard to the total assessment time, as one member from this pair took consistently longer to complete the assessment than the other. Although this trend was also apparent in Pair B, this was not significant. The modified ADL index is recommended for routine assessment in the general treatment and rehabilitation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6358491 | Low dose prednisone therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: a double blind study. | 1983 Oct | Prednisone, 5 mg taken each morning, was added to other drugs in 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Sixteen patients were given a placebo in this double blind study. After 24 weeks, all patients were given the placebo. Slight functional improvement was noted in the prednisone group during the 24-week period, but deterioration after switching to placebo was sustained for at least 8 weeks. Progression of hand erosions occurred in 1 prednisone-treated patient, and in 4 controls. An asymptomatic vertebral spine compression fracture developed in 2 patients given prednisone; this was the only toxicity noted possibly due to this therapy. Minimal dose prednisone may be useful as "bridge" therapy between nonsteroidal antiinflammatory therapy and use of disease-modifying drugs. | |
| 6347305 | The physiological cost of gait (PCG): a new technique for evaluating nonsteroidal anti-inf | 1983 Aug | The physiological cost of gait (PCG) provides a technique for reproducibly quantifying the physical disabilities occasioned by inflammatory joint disease. The preferred walking speed (PWS) and the physiological cost index (PCI) related to achieving that PWS are shown to be abnormal in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and objective improvement can be demonstrated with naproxen and indomethacin, two commonly-used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Twenty patients with active RA were studied by double-blind cross-over technique and 16 completed the two-month study. Reliable PCG data obtained in 13 patients showed statistically significant improvement in PWS and PCI with NSAID therapy. Improvement was not correlated with conventional clinical measures of joint inflammation such as pain score, articular index, haemoglobin or ESR but the trends were similar. PCG may offer a reproducible, objective method of quantifying disability and response to treatment. | |
| 6433814 | Epidemiological study of HLA and GM in rheumatoid arthritis and related symptoms in an ope | 1984 Aug | This report deals with the question of whether or not the established association of HLA-DR4 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can also be detected in cases of RA as diagnosed in a population survey. For this purpose 6584 persons older than 19 years living in a single community in The Netherlands were investigated for the presence of rheumatoid arthritis and related abnormalities. After five years 83 patients with RA, 30 with only erosive abnormalities on radiological examination (Rad), and 48 with only rheumatoid factor (RF) were reinvestigated and typed for HLA and allotypes of immunoglobulin G heavy chain (GM). On the classification of the initial survey no significant association of HLA-DR4 or GM could be detected in any of the three categories. When the information of the follow-up investigation was taken into account, a reappraisal of the classification resulted in 53 cases with RA, 18 with Rad only, and 35 with RF only. The frequencies of HLA-DR4 and GM in the three categories were also about the same as those in normal controls. However, an increase in the frequency of HLA-DR4 was observed in cases of RA positive for Rad, RF, or both. We found no evidence for an interaction between HLA-DR4 and GM. Our results suggest that rheumatoid arthritis is a heterogeneous disorder, only a fraction of which is associated with HLA-DR4. At present no single determinant of RA such as Rad or RF can characterise the HLA-DR4-associated, and most probably more severe, type of RA. | |
| 7149798 | Glycosylated haemoglobin in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1982 Dec | Shortened red cell survival has a role in the anaemia of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but direct measurement of it is difficult. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1) provides an index of red cell life span in normoglycaemic patients, because glycosylation depends on both the concentration of blood glucose and the duration of erythrocyte survival. HbA1 was significantly lower in 30 patients with RA (5.6 +/- 0.7%, mean +/- SD) than in 15 healthy controls (7.3 +/- 0.7%) and 14 patients with osteoarthritis (7.4 +/- 0.7%, p less than 0.001). HbA1 was depressed less in active RA than during remission, which is consistent with diminished red cell production in active RA. These data on HbA1 confirm that shortened red cell survival is common in RA, and point to diminished red cell production in active disease. Determination of HbA1 should prove to be of clinical value in the assessment of normoglycaemic patients with RA but is an inadequate index of glucose homoeostasis in diabetics with RA. | |
| 897587 | Effect of gold treatment on the progression of erosions in RA patients. | 1977 | The progressive of erosive X-ray changes over a period of 5-6 years was evaluated in RA patients with a low or high dose of gold during the follow-up period. The "low gold" group included 18 patients whose treatment was discontinued because of side effects at a mean dose of 254 mg of Myocrisin. The "high gold" group included 32 patients who received a mean dose of 1858 mg of Myocrisin. Both the number of eroded joints in the hands and feet and the X-ray stage had deteriorated more in the "low gold" group. The inter-group difference was statistically significant. Thus, gold treatment has a retarding effect on the progression of erosions in RA patients. | |
| 3858944 | [Rheumatoid polyarthritis, Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome and chronic myeloid leukemia. Apropo | 1985 Apr | Two cases of rheumatoid arthritis with Sjögren's syndrome are reported which developed chronic myelocytic leukemia. The relationships between these illnesses, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome on the one hand, and a myeloproliferative disorder on the other hand, are discussed, as well as the possible role of the treatment regimens (synoviorthesis with radio-isotopes in case number 1). The possibility that this association came about by pure coincidence can not be excluded due to the exceptional character of these illnesses. | |
| 548492 | The surgical treatment of myelopathy secondary to rheumatoid arthritis of the lower cervic | 1979 | There are few reports in the literature of the surgical treatment of cervical myelopathy secondary to rheumatoid arthritis below the level of the axis. Three cases are presented. All had severe motor and sensory loss in the upper and lower extremities. The cause of myelopathy differed in each case: in the first, the dura mater was infiltrated with rheumatoid material; the second was due to a stenotic spinal canal narrowed by a fixed subluxation of the cervical spine; in the third, traction myelopathy resulted from sub-axial subluxation and posterior angulation combined with cervical instability. Neurological assessment is particularly difficult in patients with rheumatoid arthritis of the cervical spine. Skull or halo traction is useful to gauge neurological improvement, to reduce the dislocation and to immobilise the cervical spine before, during and after surgery. Surgery is considered where conservative treatment is either ineffective or not tolerated, and is indicated if severe myelopathy is evident or progressive. Anterior interbody fusion is the operation of choice for mobile subluxation. Laminectomy is recommended in fixed subluxation where compression of the cord is demonstrated on myelography. | |
| 674637 | Evaluation of sacro-iliitis: comparison of radiological and radionuclide techniques. | 1978 Sep | A 99mTc count profile of the sacro-iliac region was performed in 14 control subjects and in 50 patients with inflammatory pain of the sacro-iliac joints. In addition, 85mSr count profiles were recorded in 14 control subjects. The sacro-iliac/sacral uptake ratio was calculated. There was no significant difference between Sr and Tc count profiles. The uptake in patients with sacro-iliitis was not above the range for controls. The mean uptake ratio was significantly below that for controls, and was lower in cases with radiologically advanced changes than in those with few or no signs. This method was not useful for early diagnosis of sacro-iliitis. | |
| 6609637 | The familial aggregation of rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship to the HLA-DR4 assoc | 1984 May | This investigation of the familial aggregation of rheumatoid arthritis in Rochester, Minnesota, was prompted by the considerable variability in previous reports and the need to interpret findings in light of the recently established human lymphocyte antigen (HLA)-DR4 association. The historical cohort methodology was applied to determine the incidence of adult-onset rheumatoid arthritis in 1631 biologic relatives of 78 probands compared with the Rochester population incidence. The ratio of the age- and sex-adjusted rates in first-degree relatives compared with the general population was 1.7 (95% confidence interval 1.0-2.9). The increase was concentrated in the 16- to 40-year-old age group, suggesting some disease heterogeneity. However, the level of familial risk was not significantly affected by the proband's sex, seropositivity, age, or parental disease status. Integrating these findings with prior research in which case ascertainment was complete led to the conclusion that familial aggregation of rheumatoid arthritis is weak. The apparent discrepancy between weak familial aggregation and the known strong HLA-DR4 association with rheumatoid arthritis was resolved by examining the mathematical relationship between the measures of association in the two different types of studies. Results show that to be consistent with weak familial clustering, any putative susceptibility gene must have very low penetrance, and/or there must be a large residual of sporadic cases. | |
| 847434 | [Rhemuatismus nodosus. Relationship between joint findings and rheumaserology in chronic p | 1977 Mar 12 | The clinical course and radiologic and serologic findings are reported in 37 subjects who, during the years 1954 to 1974, had rheumatoid nodules removed and examined histologically. The observations were classified into four groups according to a system similar to that of Steinbrocker. The histological findings were the same in all four groups. In 4 subjects the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis was established by the biopsy. In 5 additional patients the histologic examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis. Radiologically the joints of 5 adults were unremarkable while those of 14 subjects had developed slight or moderate changes, and in 18 patients advanced destruction or deformities or ankylosis were present. In instances of marked joint destruction the course of the disease may, spontaneously or after appropriate treatment, become bland. 90% of our patients were seropositive and 10% seronegative. 9 subjects had temporarily low RF serum titers. Serologic data are of value for the differential diagnosis of joint diseases. They are not, however decisive. | |
| 7059278 | Splinting in rheumatoid arthritis: II. Evaluation of Lightcast fiberglass polymer splints. | 1982 Feb | Fifty-four patients with rheumatoid arthritis were fitted with fiberglass polymer Lightcast II hand and wrist splints. When patients were questioned after having worn the splints for 9 to 12 months, the majority responded that the splints were durable, cosmetically acceptable, and for the most part comfortable. The splints were staff manufactured at 1 sitting in less than an hour each. | |
| 3904645 | IgE deposition in normal skin of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in relation to clinica | 1985 Nov | Biopsy specimens from apparently normal skin of 28 patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were examined for the presence of IgE deposition by a direct immunofluorescence technique. IgE deposition was found in 12 patients (43%) and in none of the 10 controls. This deposition was mainly localised on mast cells, and in three patients perivascular IgE staining was also noted. The skin from nine of the 12 patients also showed deposition of IgM and complement C3 or C4 factor, or both. All 12 patients with skin IgE deposition had raised levels of IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) in the serum. Nine of these also had IgE RF. IgE-containing circulating immune complexes (IgE CIC), raised serum IgE levels, and extra-articular (EA) manifestations were present in respectively 10, nine, and eight skin IgE positive patients. It is suggested that IgE and IgE CIC may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA and its EA manifestations. | |
| 310678 | A controlled study of ANA+ RF- arthritis. | 1978 Jul | Thirty (7.5%) of 401 adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients were antinuclear antibody positive (ANA+) and rheumatoid factor negative (RF-), and 15 of 16 patients who were followed for a year or longer remained so. Clinical, other laboratory, and radiographic parameters were compared among this group and 90 matched RA controls divided into ANA+RF+, ANA-RF+, and ANA-RF- groups. All groups were identical, except the ANA-RF- group, which had significantly fewer nodules and less destructive disease than the other three. | |
| 3966938 | Quantitative histologic studies on the pathogenesis of periarticular osteoporosis in rheum | 1985 Jan | The pathogenesis of periarticular osteopenia in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was investigated by histomorphometry on juxtaarticular bone removed during joint surgery. Twenty areas from 12 RA patients were compared with 14 areas from 6 osteoarthritis (OA) patients. There was no difference between the 2 groups in the percent of total bone volume. However, increased bone formation was suggested by an increase in the percent of active osteoid surface in RA compared with that in OA. Bone resorption was also increased in RA, as evidenced by increases versus OA in percent total resorptive surface, percent active resorptive surface, and number of osteoclasts. These results demonstrate increased turnover of bone in RA, especially in the resorptive phase of the periarticular trabecular bone. It is proposed that soluble factor(s) synthesized in the contiguous rheumatoid synovium may be transferred to the periarticular bone space, stimulating osteoclasts to resorb bone. | |
| 3880014 | The determination of dehydroascorbic acid and ascorbic acid in the serum and synovial flui | 1985 | Using a novel high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid, we have measured the relative amounts of ascorbate and dehydroascorbate in 20 normal controls and in paired sera and synovial fluid from 13 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In complete contrast to previous published findings we were able to detect dehydroascorbate in normal human sera (12.0 +/- 3.7 mumol/l), while the mean and range of ascorbate measured in normals was 69.6 +/- 20.6 mumol/l. These findings were completely reversed in rheumatoid sera (21.8 +/- 8.6 mumol/l and 5.1 +/- 5.0 mumol/l for dehydroascorbate and ascorbic acid respectively). In several rheumatoid sera no ascorbate could be detected. In paired synovial fluid and serum samples, there was always more dehydroascorbate detected in synovial fluids than in the corresponding sera (p less than 0.01). The data suggests that the reduced level of ascorbate and increased level of dehydroascorbate may be a reflection of the increased antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activity of the vitamin in RA, especially within the inflamed joint. | |
| 629609 | Rheumatoid arthritis in population samples in Iraq. | 1978 Feb | A prevalence survey for rheumatoid arthritis was carried out during the summer of 1975 in persons aged 16 years and over in areas of Iraq representative of differences in geography and ethnicity. Definite rheumatoid arthritis was observed in 1% of the 6999 individuals studied, but differences in occurrence rates in relation to various associated characteristics were not detected. It is concluded that present rheumatological services in Iraq have not developed in response to the magnitude of the existing burden. Morning stiffness was reported fairly frequently by individuals without rheumatoid arthritis, but the significance of this observation is not easy to determine. Raynaud's phenomenon was also recorded, but comparative evaluation of the findings is not possible. | |
| 961079 | [The value of synovial biopsies in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and in estimating | 1976 Jul | Fifty surgically removed synivial membranes from large joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis were examined histologically from 10 different areas. The diagnostic reliability and the histologically graded basic and actual activity were estimated. All 3 parameters differed considerably within the individual synovial membrane. To assess the diagnostic value of synovial needle biopsies the results were compared with those of simulated biopsy cylinders. The morphological results gained from the biopsy cylinders were much poorer, showing that needle biopsies are limited diagnostic value. | |
| 7308392 | Action of D-penicillamine on immunocomplexes containing rheumatoid factor. | 1981 Oct 15 | The affinity between purified rheumatoid factors (RF) and native or heat aggregated human IgG has been studied in vitro by polarization fluorescence in the presence and in the absence of D-penicillamine. The value of the dissociation constant was the same using native and heat aggregated IgG suggesting that binding to the aggregated protein is not dependent on the exposure of a new determinant lacking in the native molecule. The results obtained in the presence of D-penicillamine suggest that the concentration of the drug necessary to get a pronounced effect on the apparent dissociation constant of the immunocomplex between IgG and RF is not reached in vivo, in clinical situations. | |
| 6198854 | Photosensitivity induced by piroxicam. | 1983 | A woman with rheumatoid arthritis developed an erythematous-bullous eruption on light-irradiated areas following sun exposure. Treatment with piroxicam, had been initiated 14 days earlier. The clinical picture, the relationship in time to the drug administration and a positive photopatch test gave reason to suspect piroxicam-induced photosensibility. Piroxicam (Felden) is a new non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent which was registered in Sweden in 1981. Various adverse skin reactions have been described. Thus, there has been one case of Lyell's syndrome with a fatal outcome (7), two case reports of erythema multiforme-like reactions (1, 3) and two reports of patients with erythemato-papulous and also bullous eruptions restricted to light-exposed skin areas (3). |