Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3760494 | Small-joint arthrodesis in the hand. | 1986 Sep | Arthrodesis of selected small joints of the hand is often indicated; however, in previously reported series nonunion is not uncommon. There were 171 consecutive arthrodeses of small joints performed on 134 patients. The operative method employed was essentially the method described by Littler. Emphasis was placed on the accurate coaptation of bone surfaces, the use of cancellous bone graft when needed, maintenance of the coaptation with Kirschner wires, and the need for postoperative immobilization. This technique resulted in union of 170 out of 171 arthrodeses (a nonunion rate of 0.6%). There were no infections. There were four delayed unions. | |
| 3693827 | Functional assessment of bilateral wrist arthrodeses. | 1987 Nov | We studied the functional results of 18 wrist arthrodeses in nine patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Objective evaluation included radiographic assessment, goniometer assessment of the upper extremity (UE), range of motion (ROM), grip and pinch strength, and the Jebsen-Taylor function test. Subjective evaluation consisted of a questionnaire that compared the upper extremity function of various activities of daily living preoperatively and postoperatively. The mean total range of motion for all patients was below normal on the dominant and nondominant sides, as was the average grip and pinch strength. Results of the Jebsen-Taylor test, compared with results of normal persons, were normal 38% of the time and abnormal 62% of the time. Subjective evaluation revealed postoperative improvement of the hand function in seven patients, whereas the function in two patients remained the same. Bilateral wrist arthrodeses does not seem to adversely affect function of the upper extremity in spite of abnormal grip strength and upper extremity range of motion. | |
| 1763849 | [Rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal arthritis. Clinical review]. | 1991 Oct | We report 11 patients diagnosed of Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF), and 7 of Poststreptococcal Reactive Arthritis (PSRA): patients with group A beta hemolytic streptococcal infection and articular disease who do not fulfill the modified Jones criteria. All patients with ARF were treated with monthly prophylaxis (with penicillin G benzathine). Carditis was seen in five patients, but only one of them has developed a mitral valve insufficiency. The prophylaxis in patients with PSRA was individualized. None of these patients had clinical evidence of carditis during the acute disease, but one of them developed a mitral and aortic stenosis two years after the initial episode. The possible indication of penicillin prophylaxis in these patients with PSRA in suggested. | |
| 3370880 | The fate of cemented total hip arthroplasty in young patients. | 1988 Jun | Forty-four cemented hip replacements in patients under 45 years of age were assessed clinically and radiologically five to ten years after implantation. Four of five hips were pain-free and provided excellent function, and one in seven hips required revision but have since fared well. The results for osteoarthritic hips were superior to those with rheumatoid disease. Critical examination of the roentgenograms revealed a higher level of loosening than was suspected clinically, with only one in two hips appearing entirely satisfactory. Although weight gain and previous surgery did not affect the outcome, patients who returned to heavy manual work or athletic activities soon developed loosening. Four of five young patients gained freedom from pain and became fully active at a time when mobility was of crucial importance to both their professional and family lives. Clearly, these results affirm the value of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in young patients with either osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis, although a limited time expectancy of these good results undoubtedly does exist. | |
| 2742401 | Prevalence and expression of photosensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus. | 1989 Jun | Photosensitivity was assessed in 125 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in 281 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as controls. Photosensitivity was reported by 87/119 (73%) patients with SLE and in 62/269 (23%) patients with RA; involving the face in 72/122 (59%) patients with SLE, then arms, chest, and neck. Patients with SLE reported that sun exposure could exacerbate various systemic symptoms, 51/121 (42%) reported medical treatment for photosensitivity and 41/118 (35%) reported that photosensitivity had a significant impact on their lifestyle. There was no significant difference in disease severity, as judged by physician or laboratory results, between patients scoring high or low on the photosensitivity scale. | |
| 2617226 | The commonest rheumatic complaints of over six weeks' duration in a twelve-month period in | 1989 | In 900 randomly selected individuals, 50-70 years old, we examined the prevalence over the preceding 12-month period of rheumatic complaints of more than 6 weeks' duration. We found them to represent a major health problem, with an overall prevalence of 37.8%, the predominant diagnoses being subacromial shoulder pain (6.7%), neck pain (6.5%), low back pain (6.3%), osteo-arthrosis (8.5%), and arthralgia (4.9%). With a prevalence of 1.0%, primary fibromyalgia was as common as rheumatoid arthritis (0.7%) and other chronic arthritides (1.1%). The prevalences of the different diagnoses were higher among participants whose data were obtained from personal investigation by a physician than among non-participants where data were obtained by interview, letter, and scrutiny of case records. The odds ratio from incurring more than one rheumatic disease was higher for subacromial shoulder pain and lowest for arthralgia and osteo-arthrosis. | |
| 2885991 | [Changes in the blood picture in sulfasalazine therapy of rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1987 Mar | Out of 160 patients with confirmed resp. classical rheumatoid arthritis, according to the ARA criteria, six patients under treatment with sulfasalazine granulocytopenias, in association with thrombocytopenia in one case, and with a decrease in erythrocytes in two cases, have been observed. Remarkably, in all six cases the relatively early hemogram alterations appear as soon as the start of therapy and prompt normalization of blood counts occurs after instant termination of sulfasalazine therapy. Possible mechanisms for the occurrence of these sulfasalazine-induced hematological complications are discussed. These observations, also described by other authors, should be a cause for more frequent blood count tests during sulfasalazine therapy, at least during the first 3 months on a weekly basis. Sulfasalazine represents an asset among the rather limited number of basic therapies available for chronic rheumatoid arthritis. Despite the fact that it is comparatively well tolerated, a close follow-up of the therapy, especially during the initial phases of treatment, is of utmost importance in order to seize upon these reversible hematological disorders at an early stage and thus avoid more serious complications. | |
| 2192056 | Drug-drug interactions with antirheumatic agents: review of selected clinically important | 1990 May | Drug therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often requires the use of more than one drug, thus drug-drug interactions are very likely in this patient population. We discuss the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms involved in drug-drug interactions. Our review focuses on selected examples involving drugs used to treat RA and other antirheumatic drugs [e.g., methotrexate and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID)] or with other therapeutic classes of drugs (e.g., NSAID and warfarin). Studies and case reports of drug-drug interactions with antirheumatic drugs are critically evaluated and the potential clinical implications are discussed. | |
| 3192192 | Chrysiasis: transmission electron microscopy, laser microprobe mass spectrometry and epipo | 1988 Sep | Two patients receiving gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis developed skin pigmentation, chrysiasis, which in one appeared 4 months after cessation of the therapy. The diagnosis was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and mass spectrometry laser microprobe analysis of paraffin sections and its extent demonstrated by epipolarized light. The condition is poorly reported and clinically may be confused with silver and mercury impregnation. Tissue diagnosis requires ancillary methods and of these, transmission electron microscopy and laser microprobe mass spectrometry are excellent examples. The transmission electron microscopy findings differ from previous reports and raise doubts on the hypothesis on the role of the skin in gold excretion. Because of the renewed interest in crysotherapy and the latent period that can separate this from chrysiasis, an increase in chrysiasis and the need for its diagnosis can be anticipated. | |
| 2909658 | Active and latent forms of transforming growth factor beta activity in synovial effusions. | 1989 Jan 1 | We have evaluated the possible involvement of TGF-beta in rheumatoid arthritis by assay of 16 cell-free synovial fluids for the presence of its active and "latent" forms. Evidence has been obtained for TGF-beta-like activity in synovial effusions by four criteria: (a) TGF-beta receptor competition, (b) soft-agar colony formation of AKR-2B and NRK-49F indicator cells, (c) immunological neutralization of the biological activity, and (d) biochemical activation of a latent form. | |
| 1793211 | Photopheresis for rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 Dec 30 | For rheumatoid arthritis, an effective therapy with minimal toxicity would be welcome. In a six-month pilot study of seven patients with a variety of presentations and previous treatments, we tested a therapy involving the extracorporeal photoactivation of biologically inert methoxsalen (8-methoxypsoralen) by ultraviolet A energy to a form that covalently cross-links lymphocyte DNA; the injured cells are returned to the patient. Prior experimental studies had indicated that this regimen produces an immune reaction against antigens on treated T Cells, and a clinical trial in cutaneous T cell lymphoma had been successful. The current patients were treated on two successive days monthly (or, later on, biweekly). Between 12 and 16 weeks of therapy there appeared to be a breakpoint after which joint counts and joint scores of four patients began to improve. In three of them, these measures eventually diminished by mean values of 71% and 80%, respectively, of their baseline values, along with variable improvement in less direct indicators of clinical response. The joints of the fourth patient improved modestly (by 33% and 59%, respectively, of baselines) but he required alternative therapy, and those of the remaining three patients did not improve. Mean slopes for the joint counts were significantly different from zero after the apparent breakpoint (but not before), whether one examined the four apparent responders (p = 0.01) or the entire group of seven (p = 0.01). After completion of therapy, there was also a delay, of two to three months, in the clinical deterioration of those who had improved. There was only one mechanical adverse effect--a single episode of transient hypotension in 102 treatment sessions--and no toxic ones. This preliminary study suggests that extracorporeal photochemotherapy may be effective at least in the short term in certain patients with rheumatoid arthritis, with less apparent toxicity than that of any of the drugs currently used for this disorder. It deserves further evaluation. | |
| 2399635 | [Morbidity and mortality in polyarthritic changes of the upper spine]. | 1990 Aug 1 | More than generally assumed rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.) is involved not only in peripheral arthritic manifestations, but also in the cervical spine. The more the stage of this disease is advanced, the more likely the cervical spine shows R.A. specific changes, ranging up to almost 100% in severe cases with destructive mutilations. 78% of our patients with R.A. had radiographic signs of cervical manifestations. Cervical dislocations and instabilities are of special clinical relevance, jeopardizing the patient by a life threatening compression of the myelon in advanced cases. There are no representative investigations about the rate of cervically induced deaths in patients with R. A. | |
| 2716000 | Atlantoaxial subluxation and hydrocephalus [corrected] in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1989 Jan | We report a case of rheumatoid arthritis with anterior and vertical atlantoaxial subluxation. Our patient developed severe spastic quadriparesis and pyramidal tract signs. Cephalic computerized tomogram scan showed evidence of evolutive communicating hydrocephalus and the odontoid peg protruding in the posterior fossa. The patient recovered after cerebral spinal fluid ventricle-peritoneal shunting and occipitocervical arthrodesis. No other neurologic complications occurred during a 6-year followup. | |
| 3179627 | The use of a pharmacological indicator to investigate compliance in patients with a poor r | 1988 Oct | Twenty-six patients with rheumatoid arthritis which was poorly controlled despite high dose D-penicillamine were studied. Compliance was assessed by standard methods (return tablet count and interview). In addition low-dose phenobarbitone was included in the penicillamine formulation as a pharmacological indicator of compliance. Using these techniques incomplete compliance was apparent in 11 patients (42%). All such patients were identified by the pharmacological marker. Only one admitted poor compliance at interview and only six returned more than a few tablets too many. The reason for the high incidence of poor compliance in this selected group is not apparent but it may represent a significant cause of failure with D-penicillamine therapy. The use of low-dose phenobarbitone may have wider applications in the investigation of patients with other conditions who fail to respond adequately to treatment. | |
| 2309102 | Dynamic versus static training in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1990 | Sixty-seven patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were studied concerning the effects of standardized physical training on muscle function in the lower extremities. The patients were randomly assigned to four different training groups and were given 6 weeks of training supervised by a physiotherapist at a health care centre. The groups differed according to type (dynamic or static) and extent (12 or 4 times) of training. During this training period as well as for an additional 3 months, the patients carried out programs of exercise at home (either dynamic or static). A significantly greater increase in function during the 6-week period as regards muscle strength, endurance, aerobic capacity, and functional ability was found for the dynamic as compared with the static groups. The findings at follow-up 3 months later were similar. The effectiveness of the programs did not vary with the extent of training. In conclusion, in RA patients, dynamic training gives a greater increase in physical capacity than does static training. | |
| 2226052 | [Detection and clinical significance of anti-histone antibody in systemic lupus erythemato | 1990 Apr | Determinations of anti-histone antibodies (AHA) by ELISA were carried out in 109 cases of SLE, 117 of RA, the positive rate being 50.5%, 23.1% respectively, with titres in SLE patients higher than in RA. AHA was 90.2% positive in active cases of SLE patients. SLE patients with AHA showed a higher incidence of pericarditis and arthritis, but a lower rate of malar rash than SLE patients without AHA. In RA, there is a higher incidence of extraarticular manifestations in AHA positive patients IgM-AHA was this predominant AHA in RA while in SLE patients it was the IgG-AHA. For SLE, IgG-AHA which was more closely associated with anti-ds DNA was more significant than IgM-AHA. | |
| 2893451 | Long term experience of salazopyrin EN in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). | 1987 | Our studies have shown that Salazopyrin EN is an effective slow-acting anti-rheumatic drug, improving clinical synovitis, depressing the acute phase response, capable of inducing remissions and possibly influencing the progression of joint damage. It is well-tolerated in the long-term with comparatively few serious side effects. Its mechanism of action, however, is still not entirely clear. We have found that the sulphapyridine moiety penetrates the synovial membrane and also that it can modify immune function. While Salazopyrin undoubtedly has an important role in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis, it probably also has a place in the treatment of seronegative arthropathies and the spondyloarthritides. Furthermore we suggest that it should be used as an anchor drug in combination therapy to attempt to suppress disease activity further and limit joint damage. | |
| 3784444 | In-vivo capillary-microscopical findings in patients with thrombangiitis obliterans, progr | 1986 Oct 1 | Fourty patients with thrombangiitis obliterans were examined to find out whether in-vivo capillary microscopy can contribute to the establishment of a diagnosis. No capillary-microscopical signs could be detected that are exclusive to thrombangiitis obliterans. Nevertheless typical signs as capillary lengthening, capillary branching (53%) and haemorrhagic margin (75%) are of considerable differential-diagnostic value when it comes to distinguishing a case of thrombangiitis obliterans from a case of degenerative arterial occlusive disease. In a further series of examinations, the nailfold area of patients with progressive systemic scleroderma was examined by in-vivo capillary microscopy and with an ophthalmoscope. The coincidence of the findings between the two methods was 80% and more, so that the examination of the nailfold capillaries with an ophthalmoscope can aid verify the diagnosis of scleroderma. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis capillary tortuosities (85%), capillary branching (53%) and increased venule visibility (55%) often occur. These are unspecific signs. Typically capillary-microscopical symptoms for the disease are not detectable. | |
| 2752764 | Designing clinical trials for two-sided multiple comparisons with a control. | 1989 Jun | When a clinical trial is to be conducted to compare more than one experimental treatment to a control treatment, Dunnett's two-sided multiple comparison procedure may be proposed to perform the analysis. During the planning stage, the problem of determining the appropriate sample size must be resolved. Here a solution to this problem is derived by controlling the power of the corresponding testing procedure that assumes that the common variance is known. | |
| 2290170 | Septic olecranon bursitis caused by Neisseria sicca. | 1990 Sep | A man with rheumatoid arthritis developed a septic olecranon bursitis due to Neisseria sicca. This case confirms the potential pathogenicity of Neisseria sicca and emphasizes that positive cultures for this organism should not be readily dismissed. |