Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6787995 | Maintenance chrysotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis: a comparison of 2 dose schedules. | 1981 Jun | Maintenance treatment with chrysotherapy was given to 44 rheumatoid patients after a total of 1.0 g weekly injections of sodium aurothiomalate. 21 patients continued with 50 mg injections every 2 weeks, and 23 patients received the same dose at 4-week intervals. Their progress was followed over 1 year, after which time their clinical improvements were equally well sustained. Toxicity was greater in those patients receiving fortnightly injections. Five patients suffered a relapse after 8 months. These were not related to the frequency of injections nor to the serum gold levels. There appeared to be no advantage in maintenance injections at fortnightly intervals. | |
| 3886270 | Anaesthetic risks in osteoarticular disorders. | 1985 Mar | Anaesthesia in patients with either treated or untreated osteo-articular disorders poses a number of specific problems. The authors deal with risks resulting from mechanical deformities produced by these disorders, by the involvement of a large number of functional systems, by changes in the immune status of such patients and by alterations in the reactions of arthritic patients resulting from prior or concurrent treatments. The authors emphasize the crucial points which require evaluation and observation before and during anaesthesia. | |
| 282448 | A study of the hematological side effects of levamisole in rheumatoid arthritis with recom | 1978 | Agranulocytosis, which must be differentiated from leukopenia, was seen as the most severe side effect of levamisole in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). By sending a detailed questionnaire to each investigator known to have been confronted with leukotoxic side effects, data were collected on 88 patients with agranulocytosis, 43 patients with leukopenia and three with thrombocytopenia. The presence of HLA B27 in seropositive RA patients was found to be an important predisposing factor for agranulocytosis. This blood dyscrasia caused by levamisole was similar to the agranulocytosis found with other antirheumatic and anti-inflammatory drugs and could be classified as agranulocytosis of the immunological type. In this form no bone marrow toxicity occurred and the agranulocytosis was always spontaneously reversible on discontinuation of the drug. Although the incidence of agranulocytosis did not seem to be reduced by any of the treatment schemes, high risk patients could be detected by the single day per week regimen. Treatment with 150 mg levamisole on one day per week, with leukocyte count 10 hours after each intake of the drug, undoubtedly appeared to be the most efficient way to prevent agranulocytosis and makes this drug safe in the treatment of RA. | |
| 7328573 | Coexistence of chronic tophaceous gout and rheumatoid arthritis. | 1981 Nov | The coexistence of chronic tophaceous gout and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the same patient is extremely rare. Only 6 cases, considered genuine, including ours, have been reported. With 1 exception, all the reported cases, including our own, were males and gout was the initial disease followed years later by the development of RA. We are proposing modified criteria for the definite diagnosis of RA and gout in the same patient to avoid the inclusion of many patients with chronic topaceous gout, who would otherwise fulfill the American Rheumatism Association criteria for RA. We stress the importance of fixation of biopsy material in formalin and alcohol to avoid diagnostic errors, since granuloma with histologic features resembling a rheumatoid nodule or rheumatoid synovitis may show the presence of crystals of monosodium urate when examined with compensated polarized light microscopy. | |
| 6655029 | Grip strength: peak or sustained pressure in rheumatoid arthritis? | 1983 | The intra-observer reproducibility of three methods of measuring grip strength with a standard sphygmomanometer cuff was studied in 26 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Two techniques involved the measurement of peak pressure but differed in the period of time between consecutive attempts with each hand. The third method measured sustained grip. All three methods were highly reproducible. However, peak pressure recordings (either the best or the mean of three readings) were associated with least patient discomfort, were easier to read, and are suggested as the methods of choice for serial assessment of grip strength in RA. | |
| 6705561 | Effects of gamma-irradiation on chromosomes of cultured lymphocytes from rheumatoid arthri | 1984 | Increased rates of spontaneous or induced chromosome breakage are seen in many types of diseases, including the 'collagen-type' autoimmune diseases. Using a 60Co gamma cell, we irradiated lymphocyte cultures from three related rheumatoid arthritis patients, their immediate family members, and two unrelated rheumatoid arthritis patients. Although these individuals had not shown abnormally high levels of spontaneous chromosome breakage, they did show an abnormal sensitivity to irradiation, which was manifested in several ways. Two of the probands showed induced breakage rates that were twice as high as those seen in controls. In addition, the reduction of mitotic index, due either to increased cell death or to induction of a G2 lag period, was higher in the arthritis group (including non-symptomatic family members) than in the control group. Finally, we observed a high frequency of an unusual type of cell in the arthritis group. These unusual cells resembled c-anaphases seen with extended colcemid treatment, and may indicate that the mitotic apparatus in cells from this group is particularly sensitive to ionizing radiation. | |
| 6529876 | Serum isoamylases in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. | 1984 Jul | We studied sera of 107 patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (46 with classical rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 36 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 25 with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). None of these patients had abdominal pain or gastrointestinal symptoms at the time of blood collection. We used as controls 81 normal age and sex matched volunteers. The presence of hyperamylasemia i) of P-type in 6 of 46 patients (13%) with RA and ii) of P-type and S-type in 11 of 36 patients (30.5%) with SLE and 6 of the 25 patients (24%) with primary SS suggests that asymptomatic pancreatic damage in autoimmune rheumatic diseases may occur frequently especially in patients with SLE. We conclude that the hyperamylasemia in these patients probably reflects a slow, subclinical, inflammatory process of the exocrine glands. | |
| 6527755 | Relationship between schizophrenia and psychosomatic illness: a review. | 1984 | For centuries, a relationship between physical illness and mental illness has been assumed. Following this lead, many reports of an inverse relationship between a number of physical disorders and schizophrenia have appeared. Particularly, the low rates of occurrence of certain psychosomatic illnesses in schizophrenic patients seem to indicate a certain biological and psychodynamic basis. These associations are important in that they may unravel important etiological relationships. Furthermore, they are amenable to testing by epidemiological investigations. Hence there is a need to pursue these studies. The current data no doubt provide impetus for further work and directions for future studies. Well controlled and methodologically sound studies in this area may be of immense value in our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. | |
| 7279612 | Surgical footwear in rheumatoid arthritis--a patient acceptability study. | 1981 Apr | One hundred patients wih rheumatoid arthritis were questioned about the acceptability of the surgical shoes that they had been prescribed for their foot problems. The approach was made from the records of a surgical supplies manufacturer. While 90 per cent experienced good alleviation of symptoms, 50 per cent had complaints regarding fit, comfort and styling. The implications of changes in the supply of shoes and the staffing of orthotic concerns are discussed, and suggestions are made for the direction of future research. | |
| 6762081 | Monocyte functional defects in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1982 Sep | Monocytes derived from peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had a marked defect in their chemotactic and phagocytic activity. The chemotactic defect resides at a cellular level, while the phagocytic defect is serum-dependent. Both defects could be of importance in the pathogenicity of RA and the susceptibility to infection such patients show. Finally, monocytes were found to have a negative influence over spontaneous cytotoxicity mediated by T lymphocytes. | |
| 6998181 | Granulocyte elastase at the site of cartilage erosion by rheumatoid synovial tissue. | 1980 May | Elastase, an enzyme in the azurophilic granules of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), is like other granular PMN proteases characterized by its degradative activity at physiological pH towards native macromolecules as shown in a serum free medium. Joint tissue specimen obtained during elective surgery in cases of various rheumatic conditions were examined in order to elucidate the role of this enzyme during joint cartilage destruction. An indirect immunofluorescence microscopic technique utilizing a rabbit immunoglobulin G preparation raised against purified elastase was used for this purpose. Immunoreactive elastase was seen bound to cells which were recognized as PMN by their nuclear characteristics and staining in a histochemical reaction with naphtol AS-D chloroacetate. PMN were encountered more or less often in the pannus but clearly accumulated in a significant amount at the pannus-cartilage junction in one case of rheumatic monarthritis and three out of four cases with rheumatoid arthritis. This finding shows that PMN--contrary to other descriptions--belong to the morphologic characteristics of inflammatory rheumatic conditions and directly supports the hypothesis that PMN enzymes play an active role in rheumatoid cartilage destruction. | |
| 808723 | [Synovectomy and prosthetic substitution of rheumatic knee joints (author's transl)]. | 1975 Jul 18 | Synovectomy and alloarthroplasty are the prinicpal forms of surgical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of the knee joint. The aim of both procedures is the reduction or elimination of the painful condition, the quantitative reduction of analgesics and hormone preparations, and improvement of function. Synovectomy removes the principal pathogenetic area of RA. The indications, contra-indications, valve technique of the two methods are gone into. The problems of rehabilitation are referred to. | |
| 6209804 | Connective tissue disease manifested as multiple myeloma. | 1984 Dec | A diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis was made in five women in whom multiple myeloma was first suspected. All had mild symptoms of sicca or arthritis, positive tests for rheumatoid factor or antinuclear antibody, and markedly increased IgG immunoglobulins. A connective tissue disorder may produce the characteristic electrophoretic pattern of multiple myeloma. | |
| 6123527 | Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1982 Jun | Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) were assayed in 98 consecutive patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Twenty-three patients had increased GGT activities and 45 an increased AP activity. Twelve patients showed an increase in both enzyme activities and AP isoenzyme studies were performed on seven of this group. In three subjects an increase in the bone isoenzyme was observed and in three others the increase in activity was attributed to the liver isoenzyme. The remaining patient, who probably suffered from coexistent primary biliary cirrhosis, showed an increase in both bone and liver isoenzymes. The liver involvement, suggested by the alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme results, was largely confirmed by the butanol extraction of GGT. The changes in these enzymes in this small series could not be related definitely to drug therapy. It is concluded that though increases in GGT and AP are common in rheumatoid arthritis, this does not necessarily indicate hepatic involvement. Further isoenzyme studies are needed to define the extent to which organs other than the liver bring about increases in these serum enzymes in rheumatoid disease. | |
| 6210364 | Diagnostic value of antikeratin antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 Oct | The value of testing for antikeratin antibodies (AKA) in the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases was investigated. AKA were found in the serum of 71 (54%) of 131 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (including 10 rheumatoid factor (RF) negative individuals) but only in 7 (2%) of 266 patients with non-RA rheumatic diseases, in 2 (3%) of 69 patients with miscellaneous immunological diseases and in one of 100 healthy controls. AKA positivity in RA patients correlated with their age and the presence of RF, antinuclear antibodies, subcutaneous nodules, as well as the extent and severity of systemic disease manifestations. Our study suggests that determination of AKA would be of value in the assessment of patients suspected of having RA. | |
| 220699 | Immunopathological mechanisms in rheumatoid arthritis at the dual interface of the synovia | 1979 | The significance of immune responses is examined in relation to clinicopathological changes in the rheumatoid joint and the concept of a dual site of action is developed. In the joint cavity interaction between immune complexes and complement is central to the phenomena observed, which depend on the generation of chemotactic factors and the ingress of polymorphs. Other chemical mediators--e.g. prostaglandins and lymphokines--are envisaged as playing a secondary or augmentory role. At the pannus-cartilage (and bone) junction the possibility is considered that changes are due to activation of a variety of cell types which results in enzymatic degradation of collagen in cartilage, osteolastic activity in bone and prostaglandin-induced depletion of bone. The production of migration inhibition factors by rheumatoid membranes is examined and some evidence in support of their lymphokine nature is found by gel filtration; their role as cell activators is considered. | |
| 6089842 | Low incidence of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition in rheumatoid arthriti | 1984 Sep | A negative correlation between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition was demonstrated in separate controlled radiographic and synovial fluid surveys of RA patients aged 55-75 years. Knee chondrocalcinosis was detected in 14% of 135 normal controls and 28% of 87 post-meniscectomy ("joint damage") controls (P less than 0.05), but only 3% of 100 RA and 75 osteoarthritis patients revealed CPPD crystals in 1% and 23%, respectively (P less than 0.01). Ten subjects with coexistent RA and CPPD deposition were also studied; 7 showed radiographic features atypical of RA, including patchy, asymmetric disease, retained bone density, prominent osteophytosis, well-corticated cysts, and paucity of progressive erosive disease. It is suggested that rheumatoid joint damage, unlike that in osteoarthritis, is not conducive to CPPD crystal formation. When RA and CPPD coexist, atypical radiographic features reflecting a hypertrophic reparative response may occur. | |
| 392746 | Immunofluorescence study of renal biopsies in chronic rheumatoid arthritis. | 1979 | Renal biopsy specimens from 20 patients, 14 women and 6 men, with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of at least 6 months' duration were studied by direct immunofluorescence microscopy for the presence of immune deposits. Pathological changes were most prominent in patients with longstanding or malignant disease and in patients previously on gold salt therapy. Staining for IgG and C3 was negative in 4 patients with an arthritis of 2 year's duration or less. Fifteen patients had glomerular deposits containing IgG or C3, or both. In 6 of these patients staining was also positive for IgM and in 3 for IgA. In 8 patients C3 was distributed in irregular deposits along the tubular basement membrane. These results suggest that in patients with RA, immunological processes have an untoward effect on the kidneys. The long-term effects of these processes might contribute, moreover, to the development of late renal complications. There is no evidence, however, that the renal immune deposits documented so frequently in this study derive from the rheumatoid disease itself. | |
| 6629596 | Remission of rheumatoid arthritis and other disorders of immunity in patients taking monoa | 1983 | Elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) play an important role in rheumatoid arthritis and other disorders of immunity. By inhibiting the release of arachidonic acid from cells, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI's) inhibit PGE2 synthesis. MAOI's appear to be capable of remitting the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and may have the potential to arrest it. MAOI's also appear to be effective in other disturbances of immunity in which excessive synthesis of PGE2 plays a role. | |
| 6794580 | [Effect of D-penicillamine on serum immunoglobulins in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1981 May 30 | Immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) have been measured by radial immunodiffusion method in 43 patients affected with rheumatoid arthritis and treated with d-penicillamine (Pen). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum alpha 2 and gamma globulins have alos been determined. Serum samples were collected before therapy and after 3 months (43 cases), 6 months (30 cases), 9 months (20 cases), and 12 months (15 cases, respectively). Pen was administered starting from 150 mg/day up to 600-750 mg/day. IgG did not show any significant change, whereas IgA significantly decreased only at 6 month and IgM at every follow-up. During therapy, a decrease in ESR was observed in all determinations, while alpha 2 and gamma globulins showed a reduction at 9 and 12 month follow-up. In rheumatoid arthritis Pen seems to reduce IgM and partially IgA, along with some inflammatory indices. Thus, an inhibitory effect of Pen on immunological reactions is suggested, although a direct breakdown activity on immunoglobulins cannot be excluded. |