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Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes

PMID	Title	PublicationDate	abstract
205224	Immunopathologic studies of rheumatoid arthritis. I. Absence of complement-dependent cytot	1978 Mar	A sensitive complement-dependent chromium release cytotoxicity assay was used to determine whether sera from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients contain antibody specific for an antigen on rheumatoid synovial cell cultures. Two hundred eight RA sera-RA synovial culture combinations were studied employing 21 sera and 16 synovial membranes; control combinations were derived from 5 normal sera and 10 degenerative joint disease synovial membranes. Anticomplementary activity of some rheumatoid sera was overcome using an increased complement concentration. The percent cytotoxicity of RA serum-RA culture combinations, both homologous and autologous, was not significantly greater than that of RA serum-control culture combinations. No correlation between duration of disease or duration of cell culture and percent cytotoxicity was found. Thus a unique antigen on cultured rheumatoid synovial cells was not recognized by rheumatoid serum antibody by use of this cytotoxicity assay.
1221939	Potassium metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Effects of treatment with depo	1975 Dec	(1) Plasma and urine electrolytes and whole body potassium have measured before and after a 2-week administration of depot tetracosactrin 0.5 mg on alternate days to eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA.) The effects of adding supplements of potassium chloride (48 mmol/d) and spironolactone 200 mg daily have been investigated. (2) Acute changes in red blood cell water and potassium content, plasma electrolyte concentration, and plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroid levels were measured for 48 hours after a single intramuscular injection of 0.5 mg depot tetracosactrin in six patients with RA. (3) The measured total body potassium was significantly less than that predicted from the height, weight, and age formula in patients with RA. (4) Treatment with depot tetracosactrin resulted in an acute fall in plasma and red cell potassium independent of external potassium loss. (5) Two weeks of treatment with depot tetracosactrin resulted in hypokalaemia and a rise in plasma sodium and bicarbonate. There was no associated electrocardiogram changes or a rise in blood pressure. (6) Neither oral potassium supplements nor spironolactone altered total body potassium. (7) The significance of the findings and the physiological mechanisms underlying them are discussed.
7161777	Low dose methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis.	1982 Nov	A systematic analysis of the efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) in severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was carried out. Twenty-one patients with severe classical RA resistant to conventional therapy were treated with 7.5 to 25 mg of oral or intramuscular MTX for 3-114 weeks (mean of 38 weeks). Eleven patients (52.4%) showed definite clinical improvement and a fall in sedimentation rate; some improvement was seen in 5 other patients (23.8%). Two patients were unresponsive. Three patients discontinued MTX, 1 because of acute hepatitis and the other 2 because of noncompliance and fear of toxicity. Abnormal liver function tests reversible with modification of therapy occurred frequently. Other side effects were minor. The results of this uncontrolled study indicate that MTX may be an effective drug for the treatment of severe RA. Double blind trials and longterm followup are needed prior to its widespread use in RA.
932092	Inter-relationship between radiocarpal and metacarpophalangeal joint deformities in rheuma	1976 Mar	The roentgen evaluation of 96 rheumatoid hands and wrists, supplemented with anatomic and pathologic material from cadavers and patients with rheumatoid arthritis, allowed evaluation of deformities at the radiocarpal and metacarpophalangeal articulations. Measurements of specific coordinates in these patients were compared to those in "controls" and, despite significant error introduced by variability in patient positioning during radiography, definite inter-relationships between radiocarpal and metacarpophalangeal malalignments became evident. Radial deviation at the wrist was associated with ulnar deviation of the digits producing the "zig-zig" deformity of the rheumatoid hand. The pathogenetic and therapeutic aspects of the roentgen findings are discussed.
489129	Interaction of influenza A virus with human peripheral blood lymphocytes.	1979 Aug	Peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in the presence of phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, or pokeweed mitogen were exposed in vitro to influenza A virus. The synthesis of several virus-specific proteins, including the nucleoprotein, membrane protein, and nonstructural 1 protein were detected, although no infectious virus was produced by the lymphocyte cultures. Evidence was obtained that only a subpopulation of mitogen-transformed cells would support virus protein synthesis. A comparison of the interactions of influenza A virus with lymphocytes from normal individuals and from rheumatoid arthritis patients showed that the same range of virus-specific proteins were made, in similar quantities, regardless of the source of lymphocytes.
312016	Felty's syndrome without splenomegaly.	1979 Apr	A woman with chronic rheumatoid arthritis and severe granulocytopenia but without splenic enlargement by physical examination or radionuclide scanning was studied for granulocyte-bound immunoglobulin G (IgG) and serum antigranulocyte antibodies. Prior to splenectomy 73 to 110 X 10(-14) g/cell of IgG were detected on the patient's granulocytes, a value in the range (20 to 220 X 10(-14) g) found in 16 patients with classic Felty's syndrome. Granulocyte-bound IgG in 21 patients with rheumatoid arthritis without Felty's syndrome was less than 20 X 10(-14) g. Following splenectomy, the patient had a partial correction of her peripheral granulocyte count, and granulocyte bound IgG was repeated less than 20 X 10(-14) g/cell. When paraformaldehyde-fixed granulocytes, obtained either from normal donors or from the patient after splenectomy, were incubated in the patient's serum obtained before splenectomy, more IgG was bound than with control serums from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Similar results were obtained when serums from patients with classic Felty's syndrome were incubated with paraformaldehyde-fixed granulocytes. Thus, patients with rheumatoid arthritis without overt splenic enlargement may have pathophysiologic Felty's syndrome, and in vitro studies such as these may be used to define this process.
6719058	Factors related to the progression of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis.	1984	In 103 (M = 25, F = 78) of 150 consecutive RA patients, values of the following variables were obtained at the start and end of a 2-year follow-up period: radiographic destruction score of hands and feet according to Larsen (Larsen index), Ritchie index, B-hemoglobin, ESR and plasma proteins (alpha 1-antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin, CRP, fibrinogen, haptoglobin, orosomucoid, IgA, IgG, IgM, C3 and C4). 60% of the values of delta LI (final minus initial value of Larsen index) were significantly larger than zero (11-44 units, p less than 0.05). delta LI was larger in females than in males (p = 0.11). Comparing women with duration of disease (DoD) 1-6 years versus 7-52 years. delta LI was larger in the former group (p = 0.005). Comparing women with the largest delta LI (19-44 units) with the remainder ones (delta LI = -9-18 units), CRP and haptoglobin was higher and IgM lower in the former group (p = 0.03, 0.02 and 0.03 respectively). In women with DoD 1-6 years (and only in this interval) significant linear relationships were found between delta LI and hemoglobin (r = 0.52, p less than 0.01) Ritchie index, haptoglobin, CRP (r = 0.41-0.46, p less than 0.05) and IgM (r = -0.43, p less than 0.05). The mean of repeated hemoglobin values correlated even more strongly with delta LI (r = 0.70, p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
6723205	Lipid peroxidation in rheumatoid arthritis: thiobarbituric acid-reactive material and cata	1984 Jun	Thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-reactive material is present in serum and knee joint synovial fluid from rheumatoid patients, consistent with lipid peroxidation occurring in vivo. The amount of TBA-reactive material in synovial fluid correlates with the concentration of iron salts present as determined by the bleomycin method, presumably because iron is an important catalyst of radical reactions in vivo. There appear to be significant correlations between the contents of TBA-reactive material and bleomycin-detectable iron in synovial fluid and the activity of rheumatoid arthritis as assessed with a clinical index of local inflammation and with various laboratory parameters.
2579613	Circulating hyaluronate in rheumatoid arthritis: relationship to inflammatory activity and	1985 Feb	The mean serum hyaluronate concentration in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 37) was 232 +/- 182 (SD) microgram/l and significantly greater (p less than 0.001) than that of age and sex matched healthy controls (mean level 42 +/- 25 micrograms/l) as well as that of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (mean level 58 +/- 33 micrograms/l). In rheumatoid arthritis positive correlations were found between serum hyaluronate and acute-phase plasma proteins, while neither rheumatoid factor titre nor the presence of circulating immune complexes were related to the hyaluronate levels. Increased serum hyaluronate could not be explained by impaired renal or liver function or by drug therapy. During treatment with corticosteroids but not with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs the serum hyaluronate concentrations were significantly reduced. The data obtained suggested an increased production of hyaluronate in rheumatoid arthritis, and the increase seems to be related to the activity of the inflammatory process.
6229633	Immunogenetic analysis of rheumatoid arthritis.	1983 Nov	Statistical association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the HLA-D region antigen, HLA-DR4-MT3, was confirmed. HLA-linked immune suppression genes (Is-genes) were demonstrate, which controlled proliferative T cell response to streptococcal cell wall antigen or IgE response to cedar pollen antigen in vitro. The absence of such genes may predispose to autoimmune diseases or allergy. An HLA-linked Is-gene in negative linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DR4-MT3 was proposed to be one of the most likely genetic factors determining the resistance to RA.
1125624	Myasthenia gravis associated with penicillamine treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.	1975 Mar 15	Four patients with rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.) developed myasthenia gravis after taking penicillamine. In one patient withdrawal of the drug was followed by spontaneous remission of the myasthenia, and in two the dose of anticholinesterase was subsequently reduced. In the fourth patient continuing penicillamine treatment was associated with increasingly severe myasthenic features, but on withdrawal of the drug these resolved. As myasthenia gravis rarely complicates R.A. its onset in these patients shortly after the start of penicillamine treatment suggested that penicillamine may have precipitated this condition.
6966333	Cell-mediated immunity in psoriatic arthritis.	1980 Mar	Mitogen response of peripheral blood lymphocytes with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), conconavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), and purified protein derivative (PPD) was studied in 32 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Results were compared with those obtained from a control group with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and another group of normal subjects. The PHA, Con A, and PWM responses were depressed in the PsA group. The degree of depression of the mitogen response was comparable to that observed in the group of patients with active RA. Sequential studies done in a small group of PsA patients revealed that the mitogen response paralleled disease activity. Improvement of disease activity was followed by increased mitogen response.
336052	Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with levamisole. A controlled trial.	1977 Nov	Levamisole, an anthelminthic agent with immunostimulatory properties, was used in a double-blind, controlled therapeutic trial in rheumatoid arthritis. Patients received either levamisole 100 mg 4 days a week, or placebo, for a period of 4 months. Significant improvement in the treated group, as compared with the control group, was found in the number of tender and swollen joints, grip strength, range of joint motion, sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein. On double-blind global evaluation by the examining physicians, 9 of 14 patients on levamisole and none of 13 on placebo were considered to have improved. Adverse effects did not differ in frequency between the two groups except for mild alteration in taste, which was more common with levamisole.
6880406	[Indomethacin kinetics in synovia and plasma following administration of indomethacin Gits	1983 Mar	Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis received a single dose of the new therapeutic system of indomethacin (Gits 7/85). Samples of plasma and synovial fluid were taken after 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h. Concentration peaks could not be observed. After 2-3 h plasma levels were achieved which remained constant over the investigational period. Indomethacin concentrations in synovial fluid were seen with some delay. All synovial fluid levels after single application were lower than the plasma concentrations. The kinetics of elimination showed no difference between the two compartments. The above findings confirm the expectations regarding the new therapeutic system of indomethacin (Gits 7/85), i.e., the maintenance of a nearly constant plasma and synovia level for at least 10 h. The avoidance of peaks is seen as an additional advantage.
6184061	Natural killer cell activity of mononuclear cells from rheumatoid patients measured by a c	1982 Dec	The natural killer cell activity of synovial fluid mononuclear cells and synovial membrane mononuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis was compared with that of paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells from many of these patients. Natural killer cell activity was measured by the use of a conjugate-binding cytotoxicity assay with an erythroleukemic cell line, K562, as target. There was no significant difference when 15-minute target binding by peripheral blood mononuclear cells was compared with synovial fluid mononuclear cells. Target binding of synovial greater (P less than 0.05) than that of peripheral blood cells. Three-hour target killing, however, was significantly greater when synovial fluid mononuclear cells were compared with the peripheral blood cells, P less than 0.01, and when synovial membrane cells were compared with the peripheral blood cells (P less than 0.05). The products of binding and 3-hour killing, a reflection of the total number of mononuclear cells participating in cytotoxicity, were significantly greater when either synovial fluid or synovial membrane mononuclear cells were compared with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (both P less than 0.01). Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of large granular lymphocytes, representing 20% of the peripheral blood cells and 37% of the synovial fluid mononuclear cells. Interferons were detected in 10/12 rheumatoid and 3/12 nonrheumatoid synovial fluid samples studied. These findings indicate that functional natural killer cells are selectively increased in the rheumatoid joint and may contribute to the overall increase in immunologic activity found in the joints of these patients.
7025192	[Renal side effects of treatment with cyclosporin A in rheumatoid arthritis and after bone	1980 Dec 27	Renal function was studied prospectively in 6 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and non-prospectively in 5 patients after bone marrow transplantation. Both groups were treated with cyclosporin A. Functionally and histologically the results suggest tubulotoxicity of cyclosporin A which seems to be dose-related and reversible. Also found in the urine of these patients were yellow, as yet undescribed crystalline bodies often included in casts.
901028	Local synovial synthesis of oligoclonal measles virus antibodies and of smooth muscle anti	1977 Aug	A patient with atypical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and local synovial synthesis of oligoclonal IgG in an arthritic knee joint is described. Measles virus-specific antibodies isolated from the synovial fluid (SF) were carried by oligoclonal IgG proteins but constituted only a fraction of the total oligoclonal IgG of the SF. Smooth muscle antibodies were markedly increased in the SF compared with the serum and were associated with an electrophoretically restricted fraction of IgG. The results indicate that a local synovial synthesis of measles virus-specific antibodies and of smooth muscle antibodies occurred within the affected joint in our patient.
80161	Plasma and urinary levels of beta2 microglobulin in rheumatoid arthritis.	1978 Aug	Plasma and urinary levels of beta2 microglobulin have been investigated in 21 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite a normal renal glomerular function in all patients 50% of them had supranormal plasma beta2 microglobulin levels and 30% had a higher than normal urinary output of beta2 microglobulin generally related to the high plasma level. Plasma beta2 microglobulin levels paralleled closely the lymphocytosis and the 'joint count' both indexes of the severity of the disease. beta2 Microglobulin was normally secreted by the lymphoid tissue and it is suggested that it reflects the increase of the total mass and/or membrane turnover of the lymphoid tissue in RA. beta2 Microglobulin may be considered as a good parameter of the degree of severity of the joint and extra-articular involvement as well as a useful tool for the evaluation of drug efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis.
1139840	Protrusio acetabuli in rheumatoid arthritis.	1975 May	Protrusio acetabuli is common is rheumatoid arthritis. Progression of this deformity can be measured by serial roentgenograms. The inward progression of the femoral head is the result of upward migration of the acetabular roof and collapse of the femoral head which appears to occur in a ratio of approximately two to one. Adrenal cortical steroids may play a significant role in the etiology of this condition in rheumatoid arthritis. This complication of intrapelvic protrusion of the prosthetic acetabulum following total hip replacement has been presented and suggestions made to overcome this problem. Early operation on those patients showing rapid development of protrusio may prevent complications.
7322474	Rheumatoid scleritis.	1981 Dec	A 59-year-old black female with rheumatoid arthritis developed diffuse anterior scleritis with orbital and adnexal involvement. Computerized axial tomograhy (CAT) demonstrated the location and extent of the lesion. Biopsy of subconjunctival tissue revealed a rheumatoid nodule, characterized by granulomatous inflammation and fibrinoid necrosis. The patient improved rapidly on large doses of systemic corticosteroids. The relationship of scleritis to rheumatoid arthritis is discussed. The histopathologic features of rheumatoid scleritis, its apppearance on the CAT scan, and the management of this disease are also presented.