Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1206672 | Chrysotherapy: pharmacological and clinical correlates. | 1975 Dec | Relationships between gold administration and serum gold content were observed in 56 RA subjects receiving up to five years of weekly chrysotherapy. Wide fluctuations in serum gold responses to standard 50 mg IM injections were noted. Individual adjustments to dosage schedules were made as dictated by patient serum gold responses. Enhanced clinical and laboratory response was prolonged with higher sustained serum gold concentration greater than 300 mug per cent. Maintaining serum levels greater than 300 mug per cent is postulated to facilitate access of gold to "effector sites" within the deeper compartments by providing higher sustained gradients between superficial (blood) and deeper body compartments. The complexity of the system of effector sites responsive to gold and their divergent location within the body likely affects the accessibility of the agent for these sites; hence, affecting the correlation between gold levels and therapeutic response. The application of pharmacokinetic principles in chrysotherapy, nevertheless, provides the basis for optimizing accessibility of the agent and the therapeutic response. (J Rheumatol 2: 401-410, 1975). | |
| 6969931 | Yersinia enterocolitica infections and rheumatic diseases. | 1980 | Yersinia enterocolitica (Y. ent.) infections are rather frequently complicated by acute reactive inflammation in the connective tissue, especially in the joints. At this stage of the disease the specific diagnosis can be obtained either by bacterial isolation and identification from the feces and/or mesenterial lymph nodes, or by serological methods. Serodiagnostics are frequently the only method during the complication phase, since the bacteria have often disappeared from the feces by this stage of the disease. Specific Y. ent. serodiagnostics are benefitted by the fact that no antisera cross-react with the serotype 3 thermostable O-antigen. A titre of greater than or equal to 80 is therefore highly indicative of a recent or current Y. ent. infection. In the absence of other known arthritogenic agents the Y. ent. antibodies are highly indicative of the Y. ent. etiology of a current disease. The Y. ent. complications affect most inflammatory reactive diseases, acute as well as chronic. In an area in which Y. ent. infections are endemic, Y. ent. is the most frequent cause of acute and chronic arthritis. The present results indicate that not all cases of acute Y. ent. arthritis remit, but some persist, usually with an intermittent course, and develop into rheumatoid arthritis or allied conditions. This suggests a common pathogenic mechanism in most inflammatory rheumatic diseases. It is proposed that the time has come for a classification of these diseases based on their etiology, in order to replace the present symptom-based treatment with a causal one, and to institute prophylactic measures. The pathology is not exclusive to Y. ent., but can presumably also be brought about by other bacteria, such as gonococci, meningococci, salmonellae, shigellae, and brucellae, possibly by their content of lipopolysaccharide. | |
| 7376931 | Radiologic evaluation of the progression of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1980 | The severity of rheumatoid arthritis in 20 groups of limb joints was evaluated by means of 661 skeletal radiologic examinations on 188 patients. The severity of the disease was classified by grades 0 to 5 in accordance with Larsen's grading system and was related to the duration of the condition. The result differs at several points from results in other surveys. | |
| 7068064 | Conservative management of the hypersensitive foot in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1982 Jan | Treatment of the painful foot in rheumatoid arthritis requires an understanding of the abnormal mechanics and progressive disease process. The clinical problems are manifested in the forefoot (MP joints and toes) and in the longitudinal arch and subtalar joint. The evaluation includes a thorough history and physical, and the use of various tools to indicate and quantitate abnormal weightbearing, problems in circulation and sensation. Nonsurgical treatment includes appropriate drugs, and devices and shoes which reduce shear, redistribute weightbearing, support unstable joints, and accommodate irregular shapes and surfaces. Certain infections and neurovascular problems require early surgical solutions. | |
| 3863514 | A review of knee joint synovectomy in rheumatoid arthritis with theoretical and technical | 1985 | The general idea regarding knee joint synovectomy in rheumatoid arthritis and author's own surgical technique to fulfil this challenge is described. The protection of the extensor mechanism of the knee from surgical damage and the technique of removing as much rheumatoid inflammatory tissue from the joint as possible by combining it with meticulous debridement procedure are of primary importance. Postoperative management should vary depending on and preoperative findings in the joint operated upon. According to the author, these ideas and techniques could be applied to any other joint of a patient suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 7305470 | Change of prostaglandin E level in joint fluids after treatment with flurbiprofen in patie | 1981 Oct | The prostaglandin E (PGE) level in the knee joint fluid was determined by radioimmunoassay before and after anti-inflammatory therapy with flurbiprofen in 8 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 4 patients with osteoarthritis (OA). The level of PGE in RA joint fluids before the anti-inflammatory treatment was 9.5-1.2 ng/ml and in proportion with the leucocyte count in the joint fluid. A marked decrease of the PGE level was attained with flurbiprofen treatment in 4 patients whose initial PGE levels had been higher than 3.2 ng/ml, while 4 patients with lower PGE levels, namely, 1.4-1.2 ng/ml, did not respond to the drug treatment. In all the OA patients the PGE levels was no higher than 1.5 ng/ml and refractory to the anti-inflammatory therapy. | |
| 6488713 | Localization of transferrin in the labial salivary glands of patients with rheumatoid arth | 1984 Sep | A biopsy of the labial salivary glands of 57 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and those of 43 control subjects (CO) was made. Transferrin (TF) reactivity was demonstrated by using indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Salivary glands were also morphologically evaluated for presence of inflammation, fibrosis, fatty changes and ductal metaplasia. The salivary glands of RA patients showed significantly more pronounced fibrosis and inflammation than those of CO group. TF was found localized within the cells of striated ducts, in some intercalated ducts as well as in serous acinar cells. In all locations, the TF-positive findings were significantly (P less than 0.005) more frequent in RA than in CO series. No correlations between TF localization and the morphological parameters recorded could be established. The results are discussed in terms of the mechanisms of iron transport in RA, as well as of the possible relationships of TF to immunological mechanisms in RA. | |
| 3863521 | Reconstructive foot surgery. | 1985 | In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) we find a high rate of foot involvements, especially in progressive cases when we see patients submitted for hospital treatment. In about 50% of these patients the ankle joints are involved (25), in juvenile RA even in two thirds of all cases. More than half of all progressive cases show also joint affections of the forefoot. Mainly the metatarsophalangeal joints are involved, especially the first MTP joint. We also can find a high involvement rate of the interphalangeal joint of the big toe. In RA the peripheral toe joints II-V are less frequently involved. Changes in these joints are very much likely to be caused by other inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Even more often than in the ankle joints we can find changes in the tarsal joints, as well as in the tarsometatarsal joints. As we know, in RA the incidence of surgery does not refer to the affection rate. The indication for surgery depends mainly on the amount of functional disability, pain, and the efficacy of conservative treatment. The need of these therapies can differ very much in various countries. E.g. in the Rheumatism Foundation Hospital, Heinola more than one third of all operations were foot surgery, whereas in our clinic, organised in a very similar way to Heinola, we have "only" 20%. Apart from tenosynovectomies and synovectomies at the ankle joint, the operations are nearly exclusively of reconstructive character. | |
| 6678197 | A comparative trial of timegadine and D-penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1983 Dec | Forty-four patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis were entered in a 48-week open study, comparing the long-term effects of Timegadine and D-penicillamine. Twenty-three and 21 patients were respectively allocated to the Timegadine and D-penicillamine groups. Two patients of the former group were lost for follow-up, soon after the first baseline. Thus data were available only for 42 patients, 21 in each group of whom eleven completed the 48-week period in each group. Seven patients in the Timegadine group stopped because of ineffectiveness, 2 because of skin eruption and 1 because of acute interstitial pneumonitis. In the D-penicillamine group, 9 patients dropped out: 3 because of proteinuria, 2 because of stomatitis, 1 because of dizziness and 1 because of headache. Pain (visual analogue scale), number of swollen and painful joints improved significantly in both groups (p less than 0.05). The acute phase reactants alpha1-acid-glycoprotein and ESR and the thrombocyte count significantly decreased in the penicillamine group (p less than 0.05). The other clinical, hematological and immunological tests did not change; neither did the liver and kidney function tests. The clinical results suggest that Timegadine is as effective as D-penicillamine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. D-penicillamine takes advantage over Timegadine by decreasing significantly the acute phase reactants. However, Timegadine has a low profile of side-effects. | |
| 6492869 | Passive transfer of arthritis to mice by injection of human anti-type II collagen antibody | 1984 Nov | The serum IgG fraction from a patient with seronegative rheumatoid-like arthritis which contained a high anti-type II collagen antibody titer was injected intravenously into mice susceptible to type II collagen-induced arthritis. A mild, transient, inflammatory arthritis was observed in 20 to 25% of the animals, whereas histologic signs of disease were evident in most of the injected mice. Purified human anti-type II collagen immunoglobulin injected into the knee joints of mice was also shown to induce a transient, inflammatory arthritis. Radiolabeled human anti-type II collagen IgG was shown to accumulate in the peripheral joints of mice, and the specificity of the antibody was shown to be similar to the specificity of anticollagen antibody eluted from the joints of mice with collagen-induced arthritis. | |
| 454497 | Synovial permeability in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1979 Jul | In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, as well as in persons with other kinds of synovitis, proteins enter the knee joint more rapidly than in normal individuals (P less than 0.001). The rheumatoid synovium, however, is less permeable to small molecules (tritiated water, P less than 0.02; urate, P less than 0.05; and glucose, P less than 0.002) than is the normal joint lining. This difference is explained if rheumatoid microvascular changes enhance synovial permeability to proteins while coexisting interstitial changes diminish synovial permeability to smaller molecules. | |
| 6428342 | Serum IgA and gold-induced toxic effects in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 Jul | Serum Immunoglobulin concentrations were measured prospectively in 25 patients with rheumatoid arthritis at months 0, 1, 3, 6, and 12 of aurothloglucose treatment. Substantial lowering of IgA and IgM levels was found at month 3 and thereafter, and of IgG at month 12 only. When patients in whom drug-induced toxic effects developed at any time during treatment (toxic group) were compared with those who did not (nontoxic group), serum levels of IgA and to a lesser degree of IgG, but not of IgM, were found to be substantially lower in the toxic than in the nontoxic group, both at the onset and during treatment, except for IgG at month 12. When measured at the moment of toxic effect, only igA, but not IgG and IgM, was substantially lower than in serum samples of patients without toxic effects at that moment. The serum IgA concentration in patients with rheumatoid arthritis seems to be related to whether or not aurothioglucose-induced toxic effects occur. | |
| 6429243 | Regulation of natural killer cell activity by macrophages in the rheumatoid joint and peri | 1984 Aug | Recently, in another study, we observed that indomethacin, a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, significantly increased NK activity in both normal and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) peripheral blood (PB) but not in RA synovial fluid (SF). Because macrophages are a major source of prostaglandins, we examined the effect of macrophage-enriched adherent cells (AC) on NK activity as measured by a 3-hr Cr-release assay with K 562 cells. The removal of AC resulted in increased (p less than 0.01) NK activity in both normal and RA PB. In contrast, the removal of AC from RA SF resulted in a significant decrease (p less than 0.001) of NK activity. By using only nonadherent cells (NAC), NK activity in RA SF and synovial tissue (ST) was significantly reduced when compared to autologous RA PB (p less than 0.001). Enhancement of NK activity of SF NAC by both poly I:C and IL 2 was not dependent on AC. Mixing experiments demonstrated that the addition of synovial AC for 16 hr increased NK activity of synovial NAC to a level similar to that of unseparated mononuclear cells, whereas autologous PB AC suppressed NK activity of PB NAC. PB AC, when added to SF NAC, also increased NK activity. Supernatants from synovial mononuclear cells were stimulatory of synovial NAC NK activity, whereas normal PB mononuclear supernatants were suppressive. These observations document 1) a significant reduction of NAC-mediated NK activity in the rheumatoid joint as compared to PB from the same patient, and 2) that AC modulate NK activity differently in the rheumatoid joint as compared to RA or normal PB. | |
| 6593072 | Psychological factors associated with primary fibromyalgia syndrome. | 1984 Oct | Forty-five ambulatory patients with primary fibromyalgia syndrome (PFS), 30 with rheumatoid arthritis, and 32 normal controls were administered 3 psychological tests: the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), the Life Events Inventory, and the Assertiveness-Aggressiveness Inventory. The PFS patients scored significantly higher on 8 MMPI scales when compared with the normal control group and on 4 MMPI scales when compared with the rheumatoid arthritis group. Further subgrouping of PFS patients according to MMPI scores showed that only 31% were "psychologically disturbed," 33% had a typical chronic pain profile, and 36% were within the normal range. The PFS patients scored higher than the rheumatoid arthritis and normal control groups on the Life Events Inventory but not the Assertiveness-Aggressiveness Inventory. | |
| 100122 | The costs of rheumatoid arthritis. A patient-oriented study of chronic disease costs. | 1978 Sep | To detail the cost for one year of a chronic disease, 50 patients with Stage III rheumatoid arthritis were surveyed. Direct medical costs for this group were three times the national average, and 58% of these costs were covered by insurance. Indirect costs due to lost income were at least three times the direct medical costs, and transfer payments covered only 42% of these costs. Fifty-eight percent of the study group also sustained a major psychosocial loss. Uncovered income losses were the greatest economic burden for individuals with chronic rheumatoid arthritis. This striking ratio of indirect to direct medical costs has important implications for medical practice and health policy. | |
| 6649936 | [Results of radiosynoviorthesis with yttrium 90 in chronic synovitis: a long-term prospect | 1983 Sep | The results of 193 Yttrium-90 synovectomies in 174 knee joints and 19 shoulder joints, mostly in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, were analysed statistically on the basis of 6 monthly reinvestigations up to a follow up of three years. The results were significantly better in stage I than in stages II-IV of rheumatoid arthritis, which did not differ between each other; they were better in patients with low than in those with high disease activity; the effectivity was better in patients who responded well to medical treatment than in those who responded badly. In the group with "good" results of Y-90 synovectomy a significant fall in sedimentation rate and significant rise of hemoglobin could be registered. On the other hand, there was no difference between seropositive and seronegative patients. In a number of joints the good result of radiation synovectomy was preserved even in patients with overall progression of the disease. Our results show that the results of radiation synovectomy as of all local treatments have to be regarded in relation to the general development of the disease. | |
| 7264232 | Current review and comparison of the new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. | 1980 Winter | New pharmacodynamic chemical agents have been released for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other arthritides. These agents, the aryl-alkanoic acid derivatives, which are classified as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, exert an anti-inflammatory effect on locally affected tissues. A suggested mechanism of action may be to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are involved in the basic inflammatory tissue response. These agents have been found to be not significantly more effective than aspirin, but they may be useful in patients who cannot tolerate aspirin. | |
| 6497459 | Prospective study of early rheumatoid arthritis. I. Prognostic value of IgA rheumatoid fac | 1984 Oct | Thirty-three patients with early arthritis, 28 of whom developed classical/definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA), were followed up for two to four years. Rheumatoid factor (RF) levels of the IgM, IgA, and IgG isotypes were measured in serum and synovial fluid by an ELISA technique developed in our laboratory. All seven patients who presented with raised IgA RF developed erosions of their hands and wrists. This was significantly different from the remaining 26. By contrast none of the five patients who presented with isolated elevation of IgM RF developed erosive disease. The patients with raised IgA RF needed significantly more treatment with 'specific' drugs than the remaining 26. It is suggested that the detection of IgA RF in early RA indicates poor prognosis, justifying a more aggressive treatment at an early stage. | |
| 1171819 | The influence of the nematode Syphacia oblevata on adjuvant arthritis in the rat. | 1975 Aug | The effect of infestation with the nematode Syphacia oblevata on adjuvant arthritis was studied in the rat. Animals with an established infestation with Syphacia were found to have a reduced incidence of arthritis after injection of Freund's complete adjuvant. Infested animals developing adjuvant arthritis were found to suffer from a less severe form of the disease than animals in which infestation had been eliminated with piperazine before immunization. | |
| 6463524 | Proximal dissection of the olecranon bursa in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 | A patient with rheumatoid arthritis and a distended olecranon bursa, which subsequently dissected subcutaneously in a proximal direction over the triceps muscle, is reported. Dissection of the olecranon bursa in a distal direction is not uncommon, but proximal dissection has not been reported. |