Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7097683 | Ro(SSA) and La(SSB) antibodies in the clinical spectrum of Sjögren's syndrome. | 1982 Mar | Seventy-five patients with the symptomatic sicca complex were evaluated clinically and classified as having Sjögren's syndrome (SS) alone or the sicca complex associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) or another connective tissue disorder. Their status with respect to anti-Ro(SSA)/La(SSB) antibodies was determined independent of clinical evaluation and categorization. Overall, 33 (44%) were found to have antibodies to Ro(SSA); and 12 (16%) had antibodies to La(SSB). Anti-Ro antibodies occurred in 50% of those with SS alone as well as in SS associated with RA (39%), SLE (58%), and PSS (20%). Furthermore, patients with SLE without the sicca complex demonstrated antibodies to Ro(SSA) (24%) and La(SSB) (5%). A striking association of anti-Ro(SSA) antibodies in SS with vasculitis is described. | |
| 6456510 | [GUEPAR hinge knee prosthesis (author's transl)]. | 1981 | Early and late results of Guepar hinge knee prosthesis have been evaluated on a serie of 184 operations performed before January 1st 1974. There were 3 immediate deaths and 26 before 5 years. 19 prosthesis were removed. 126 knees had degenerative osteoarthritis, 52 rheumatoid arthritis. 22 had been operated on before. Patellar displacement, present in 27 p. 100 of the cases was the most frequent cause of complaint: pain or instability, proportional to the severity of displacement made reoperation necessary in 10 p. 100 of the patients. Addition of a patellar prosthesis was the most successful treatment as far as pain is concerned: it is probably advisable as a primary procedure. Deep infections occurred in 8,3 p. 100 of the cases, unfrequently after 2 years. Healing was obtained in all cases either by revision or by removal and arthrodesis: but functional results were poor except when fusion was achieved, in half of the cases of arthrodesis. Loosening occurred in 16 p 100 of the cases mainly as the consequence of insufficient technique. It was frequently tolerated: reoperation was necessary in 6 p. 100 of the total. Late functional results were evaluated in 99 cases with a follow-up of 5 to 8 years. Apart from loosening, the results did not deteriorate. 60 p. 100 are evaluated as excellent or good, 29 p. 100 fair, and 11 p. 100 bad. With due consideration of these results election of this prosthesis should be limited to special cases. To prevent complications, the use of a patellar prosthesis, of reinforced models, and of cementing under pressure is advisable. | |
| 6360514 | Rheumatoid arthritis: disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. | 1983 Dec | A review of the trials in which 'disease-modifying' drugs have been tested leads to the following conclusions: (a) Most of these trials do not provide acceptable evidence of the efficacy of these drugs. (b) A well-designed, placebo-controlled, study of gold (Empire Rheumatism Council, 1960, 1961) provides strong evidence that the drug has a beneficial effect lasting about 18 months. It does not establish any advantage beyond that period. Two reports which claim to show a favourable influence of gold on radiological progression are suspect because of faults in trial design. (c) There has been only one placebo-controlled study of penicillamine (Multicentre Trial Group, 1973). This also provides evidence of medium-term efficacy. No information is available about x-ray progression. (d) Studies of other drugs for which 'disease-modifying' activity has been claimed (antimalarials, antiproliferative agents, corticosteroids, etc.) have similarly provided evidence only of medium-term efficacy. With information now available it is possible to identify some of the reasons why these trials have failed to answer the fundamentally important question of whether the drugs can modify the long-term course of RA. (a) Trial designs have concentrated on following process measures (e.g., ESR) rather than outcome measures (e.g., disability and deformity). Observers have thus come to accept the former as being important in themselves, to the neglect of the latter. (b) Psychological pressures to provide relief for patients, combined with unjustified assumptions about the long-term efficacy of these drugs, have produced a climate of expectations amongst both clinicians and patients which makes it difficult to sustain long-term trials against placebo. (c) Traditional radiological assessment methods have proved insensitive. (d) Recent advances in clinical trial design and analysis (developed largely in specialties outside rheumatology) were not available at the time of most of these trials. At this stage clinical trials of 'disease-modifying' drugs should seek to answer the following questions: (a) Is it worth giving drugs such as gold and penicillamine for periods longer than 6 months? (b) How long does the effect of such treatment last? (c) Is any information obtainable before or during treatment which predicts favourable or unfavourable responses? To answer these question, trial designs, will need to include: (a) Larger numbers of patients. (b) Longer duration of treatment and follow up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) | |
| 4061466 | Pharmacokinetics of isoxicam in the elderly. | 1985 Oct 18 | Several studies are under way to determine the pharmacokinetics of isoxicam in the elderly; this report presents preliminary results of these studies. Data have been collected from: eight healthy subjects older than 65 years old receiving single oral doses of 200 mg; eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 61 to 69 years old, receiving oral doses of 400 mg per day; and the same eight patients with arthritis receiving 100 mg per day (four patients), 200 mg per day (one patient), or 300 mg per day (three patients). The plasma levels of isoxicam were determined in the subjects for 96 hours following administration. The results indicate that the mean half-life of isoxicam is approximately 24 hours and is independent of dosage. The results were compared with those in 30 healthy subjects aged 18 to 32 years. The comparison showed that the half-life of isoxicam appears to be independent of dosage, duration of treatment, and age of subject. On the basis of these preliminary results, it appears that elderly patients are not at risk of excessive accumulation of isoxicam during treatment with therapeutic dosages. | |
| 6181747 | Deposits of alpha 2M in the rheumatoid synovial membrane. | 1982 Oct | Synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis, and having menisectomies was examined by immunofluorescence for deposits of alpha-2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M). In inflammed tissues, alpha 2M was found in the synovial lining cells and in perivascular cells. The amount of alpha 2M correlated with the degree of inflammation. Similarly, free lining cells obtained by trypsination of the intact synovial membrane contained identical inclusions. alpha 2M was not detected in the menisectomy cases and in the less inflammatory osteoarthritic specimens. In-vitro studies demonstrated uptake of alpha 2M-trypsin complexes but not of native alpha 2M by most of the cultured synovial cells whether they came from rheumatoid patients or controls. The internalised complexes disappeared within 12 hours of culture. The results suggest that alpha 2M-proteinase complexes formed in the joint are taken up by phagocytic and perivascular cells in a similar way to immune complexes. | |
| 7265809 | D-penicillamine in pregnancy--to ban or not to ban? | 1981 Jun 1 | The action of D-penicillamine on collagen can cause undesired side-effects in the treatment of cystinuria and Wilson's disease, it is on the other hand essential to the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis and scleroderma. Furthermore D-penicillamine can be potentially teratogenic, since it crosses the placental barrier. From the literature and our own observation of two pregnancies it is shown that among 87 pregnant women who received D-penicillamine 46 cases were treated during the whole period of pregnancy. Two infants from the latter group were found to have severe connective-tissue defects. We suggest that the dose of D-penicillamine in pregnant patients with cystinuria and Wilson's disease should be kept as low as possible. In the case of rheumatoid arthritis D-penicillamine should not be given during pregnancy. | |
| 4065196 | Further support for changes in chloroquine disposition and metabolism between a low and a | 1985 | The kinetics of chloroquine and its major metabolite desethylchloroquine were studied in patients with rheumatoid disease after single oral doses of chloroquine phosphate corresponding to 150 and 300 mg chloroquine base. The findings strengthen the previous finding that the disposition of chloroquine involves rate limiting steps. | |
| 6456623 | [Functional analysis of immune complex-rich serum fractions in autoimmune diseases by in v | 1981 May | A method, measuring the activity of circulating immune complexes, based on C3 conversion of fresh human plasma by means of 3 per cent PEG precipitable immune complex-rich sera fractions is reported. Sera of patients suffering from autoimmune diseases of the connective tissue as well as of healthy controls were investigated. In case of standardised protein concentration of immune complexes, significantly low C3 conversion frequency of the isolated fractions has been observed in the control group as compared to the examined patients (rheumatoid arthritis with and without extraarticular manifestations, or juvenile chronic arthritis, or systemic lupus erythematosus). PEG fractions of RA with extraarticular manifestations induced the significantly highest C3 splitting. It is assumed that immune complexes will show a distinct interaction with the complement system also in vivo, and are therefore directly implicated in the systemic course of the disease process. | |
| 1080292 | Deficient lymphoid cell-mediated, PHA-induced cytotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis patient | 1975 | Lymphoid cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis were compared with those from healthy blood donors and from nonrheumatoid arthritis patients for the ability to manifest in vitro cytotoxicity against target cells in the presence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or anti-target cell antibodies. The PHA-induced cytotoxicity in the rheumatoid patient group was significantly lower than that of the blood donors (P less than 0.01) and of the nonrheumatoid patients (P less than 0.05). The rheumatoid arthritis patients appeared to fall into two groups, one with normal and one with distinctly subnormal PHA-induced cytotoxicity. No obvious differences were observed betes, or the proportion in peripheral blood of T lymphocytes (E-RFC) or Fc-receptor-bearing lymphocytes (EA-RFC). There were no significant differences between the groups with regard to antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. | |
| 7245967 | [Comparative characteristics of joint changes in rats infected with Mycoplasma fermentans | 1981 Mar | Experiments on Wistar rats have shown that a single injection of M. fermentans or M. arthritidis causes various forms of polyarthritis differing in their course and morphological characteristics. M. arthritidis causes acute purulent arthritis. M. fermentans causes polyarthritis characterized mainly by a subacute course and early involvement of the articular cartilage. Plasma cells producing a factor similar to the rheumatoid factor of humans have been detected in the synovial membrane. | |
| 7337971 | Detection of immune complexes and their relationship to rheumatoid factor in a variety of | 1981 Nov | The sera of patient with adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) were employed together with sensitive radioimmunoassays to examine the relationship between immune complexes detected by three methods and the IgM, IgA and IgG classes of rheumatoid factors (RF). Compared to the controls, significantly increased concentrations of RF and immune complexes were detected for every patient group except JRA. Increased concentrations of IgA RF, IgG RF and immune complexes detected by the C1qBA and the C1qSP were strongly associated with the presence of IgM RF. Significant correlations were noted between RF (especially IgG and IgM) and immune complexes (detected by both the C1qBA and the C1qSP) for patients with RA, SLE and MCTD. These studies suggest that RF may be partially involved in the formation of the immune complexes detected by C1q-binding assays and demonstrate the need for further clarification of the constituents of the immune complexes detected in each disease. | |
| 6724452 | Total joint prosthetic arthroplasty of the great toe--a 12-year experience. | 1984 Mar | This report describes the use of a double-stemmed flexible hinge silicone elastomer implant for use as a total joint replacement for the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe. Experience with this prosthesis has been since 1971 with 103 prostheses implanted in 71 patients with a minimum follow-up of 12 months and an average follow-up of 7.4 years. Of the 71 patients, 40 had osteoarthritis with 64 joints replaced, 22 had rheumatoid arthritis with 29 joints replaced, four patients were revised from a failed excisional hemiarthroplasty, three patients with four joints involved were revised from a failed silicone implant hemiarthroplasty, and two patients had a surgically arthrodesed metatarsophalangeal joint taken down and revised to a total joint arthroplasty. Of the total number of patients involved, eight were men, 63 were women, and the average age per joint was 56 years. The results were graded as excellent, good, fair, and poor on two bases: relief of pain and the cosmetic result. Overall results were good. On the basis of these results over a 12-year period, it was concluded that there is a place for total joint prosthetic replacement in the surgical reconstruction of the painful, destroyed metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe. | |
| 156540 | Serum immune complexes and disease. | 1979 Apr | The solid phase Clq radioimmunoassay was used to detect immune complexes in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (14/25), rheumatoid arthritis (4/5), vasculitis (5/15), infective endocarditis (2/2), acute rheumatic fever (2/3), pre-eclamptic toxaemia (0/14), lung cancer (3/7), glomerulonephritis (26/98) and renal transplant patients (0/5). The best correlation with disease activity was seen in systemic lupus erythematosus and infective endocarditis where serial immune complex determinations were clearly of value in monitoring therapy. The findings in primary glomerulonephritis indicate only a limited usefulness of the assay in that serum immune complexes were detected in a minority (22/73) of patients with glomerular immune deposits. In particular the data do not support a role for Clq fixing immune complexes in the pathogenesis of membranous glomerulonephritis or in pre-eclamptic toxaemia. | |
| 3872099 | Chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases in black Zimbabweans. | 1985 Feb | The pattern of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases seen in 52 black Zimbabweans was determined. These diseases constituted 2% of all treatable chronic endemic medical diseases registered around Gweru City. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and gout were the commonest, 38.8% and 28.8% of the total respectively. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis, progressive systemic sclerosis, mixed connective tissue disease, ankylosing spondylitis, and Reiter's diseases were seen less frequently. While the rarity of ankylosing spondylitis was not surprising, that of SLE was striking. RA seen in Zimbabwe was as severe as in East Africa, with a mean age of onset of 43.6 (SD 9.6) years, mean ESR 67 (SD 33) mm/h, seropositivity 78%, subcutaneous nodules 10%, and overall deformities in 35% of all cases. Gout was as seen elsewhere, with a mean age of onset 41.5 (SD 7.95) years, M:F ratio 6.5:1, mean male serum uric acid 10.8 (SD 2.69) mg/dl (0.64 +/- 0.16 mmol/l). Alcohol as a precipitating and aggravating factor was supported by a high mean drunkenness score of 10.3 (SD 3.89) out of a maximum of 17. Unawareness and underdiagnosis of these diseases are still likely problems in this part of the world. | |
| 484084 | [Arthrodesis of the knee joint (author's transl)]. | 1979 | Arthrodesis of the knee joint was performed in 75 patients. Solid fusion was achieved in 74 out of them. Average time for union was basically dependent upon type of pathological process and not upon fusion technique employed. In the last years compression arthrodesis with internal fixation by plates was used in all cases of degenerative, posttraumatic and rheumatoid arthrosis; in cases of tuberculosis and other infections of the knee joint external osteosynthesis by fixateur externe was the preferred procedure. | |
| 564192 | Serum antiimmunoglobulins reactive with human and rabbit IgG in rheumatoid arthritis and o | 1978 Jan | IgG, IgA, and IgM antiimmunoglobulins reactive with human and rabbit IgG were measured in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), patients with rheumatic fever or osteoarthritis, and normal individuals. Values of all antiimmunoglobulins were significantly evaluated in RA patients as compared with other groups and depended upon activity and stage of the disease. IgM antibodies with specificity for human IgG predominated quantitatively over others in sera of RA patients with high titers of RF, whereas most of those reactive with rabbit IgG in latex negative or positive RA patients belonged to IgG class. The reaction with human IgG included thermostable and thermolabile IgM antiimmunoglobulins but in that with rabbit IgG only thermostable antibodies were active. | |
| 1131280 | Role of early synovectomy of the knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1975 Mar | The prospective study of 32 knees in 26 patients with rheumatoid arthritis was carried out with an average followup of 3 years. Relief of pain and control of inflammation locally were obtained in 22 of 32 knees (69%). Articular cartilage was preserved in 20 of 28 knees (71%) and the synovitis recurred in 9 knees (28%), 7 of which showed progressive loss of cartilage. Therefore, it appears that synovectomy, if performed at a stage in which articular cartilage is still normal and after medical therapy has failed, is a very effective method for preserving articular cartilage and controlling inflammation locally. However, with a longer followup the disease with loss of articular cartilage will recur in a large number of cases. In patients whose disease progresses rapidly, no form of therapy effectively controls joint destruction. | |
| 2865930 | Combination therapy with pulsed methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1985 Nov | Pulsed methylprednisolone (PMP) has been shown to produce clinical improvement and reduction in the ESR and acute phase protein concentrations in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and has been advocated for use either as an alternative to slow-acting antirheumatoid drugs (SAARDs) or in conjunction with SAARDs to accelerate the response to treatment. To test these potential roles for PMP 45 patients with active RA were randomly allocated to treatment with PMP alone, PMP + sulphasalazine (SAS - at a maintenance dose of 2.0 g/day), or PMP + D-penicillamine (DPA - at a maintenance dose of 500 mg/day). In each case three 1 g intravenous infusions were given on alternate days during the first week of the trial. Patients were monitored for 24 weeks by standard clinical and laboratory measurements. All three treatment groups showed significant clinical and laboratory improvements at two weeks. With PMP + DPA and PMP + SAS these improvements were sustained and were not significantly different in these two treatment groups. However, in the 'PMP only' group ESR and CRP rose to pretreatment values by eight weeks. Twelve patients withdrew from the study owing to a relapse of the RA. No serious adverse effects were seen in the 'PMP only' group. Both combination regimens were well tolerated; adverse effects seen were attributable to either DPA or SAS. We conclude that PMP alone is insufficient for treatment of RA but can be used successfully in combination with either DPA or SAS. A comparison between these results obtained from two previous groups of 15 patients treated with DPA alone and SAS alone (using the same study design) shows that PMP accelerated the response to therapy by at least six weeks. | |
| 40532 | Role of immune complexes in rheumatoid polyarteritis. | 1979 Aug | Serial clinical and serological observations were made on a patient with necrotising polyarteritis associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Significant levels of circulating immune complexes, as determined by a C1q binding assay, were observed up to 2 years before the clinical manifestations of polyarteritis but rose abrumptly immediately before and concurrently with the onset of polyarteritis. Concomitant serial determinations of C3, latex fixation titres for anti-immunoglobulin, and patterns of fluorescence of antinuclear antibody afforded insight into the nature of these somplexes, as did clinical and serological response to glucocorticoid and cytotoxic therapy. Our data suggest that the antibody involved in the complex was of the IgG class and capable of complement fixation. | |
| 301013 | Lymphocyte subpopulations in rheumatoid synovial tissue. | 1977 Apr | Synovial tissue obtained at synovectomy of the knee joint in 21 patients with rheumatoid arthritis contained a significantly lower proportion of T lymphocytes as measured by spontaneous rosette formation with nonsensitized sheep red blood cells than did synovial fluid or blood from the same patients. There was on concomitant increase in synovial tissue lymphocytes with B-cell markers such as surface immunoglobulin or Fc fragment receptors. Removal of lymphocyte receptors with trypsin followed by culture to allow new receptors to form, led to an increase in rosette forming cells, suggesting that part of the synovial cells without B- or T-cell markers may be T lymphocytes with blocked receptors. |