Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 928691 | Rheumatoid nodulosis: another cuase of juxtarticular nodules. | 1977 Dec | A case of rheumatoid nodulosis and the difficulties encountered in its diagnosis are presented. A positive rheumatoid factor, biopsy proved involvement of the synovium and bone at the second metacarpophalangeal joint, and regression of nodules and mild arthritic symptoms with gold therapy, supported the diagnosis of a rheumatoid disease variant. The relationship of the disease to rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and xanthomatosis is discussed. | |
| 7108346 | Methotrexate: a perspective of its use in the treatment of rheumatic diseases. | 1982 Sep | MTX has been available for clinical use since 1951, and although it is widely accepted as a chemotherapeutic agent, its use in nonmalignant disorders has been sporadic and not well documented. Its mechanism of action is imprecisely understood but appears to involve both anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. The most extensive use of MTX in benign conditions has been in the treatment of psoriasis and more recently in psoriatic arthritis as well as polymyositis, sarcoid, and Reiter's syndrome. In addition, pilot studies have been carried out using MTX in patients with resistive RA. We have used MTX in 67 patients with severe RA. Maintained on oral pulse treatment schedule at 7.5 to 15.0 mg/week, approximately 75% had an improved global response with a significant decrease in active joints and ESR. Thirty-three patients have remained on therapy for periods of less than 1 year to more than 10 years. Thirty-four have discontinued treatment: 11 because of inefficacy, five with gastrointestinal complaints, three because of liver function abnormalities, and eight because of apprehension. Two patients died of neoplasm. Of the potential side effects of this agent, hepatotoxicity remains a serious consideration. We treat with attention to risk factors and rely on liver function tests to alert us to increased risk. There are data to suggest that a cumulative dose of MTX beyond 1.5 gm needs tissue surveillance. MTX appears to provide safe and effective treatment in resistive RA but requires further definitive trails. | |
| 372867 | Diclofenac in rheumatoid disease. | 1979 Jan 24 | The clinical activity and side effects of a new phenyl acetic-acid derivative, diclofenac, have been assessed in 24 patients with rheumatoid disease. Diclofenac 25 mg q.i.d. was compared with 750mg of aspirin BP q.i.d. using a double-blind crossover technique involving four weeks on each drug. Benefits were similar for the two preparations but with improvement in morning stiffness and incidence of dyspepsia favouring diclofenac, and a more marked reduction of the sedimentation rate occurring with aspirin. A moderate elevation of liver enzymes was seen in one patient on diclofenac, and of lactate dehydrogenase in one other. It is concluded that diclofenac is a therapeutically active analgesic anti-inflammatory agent. | |
| 660807 | Skeletal manifestations of polymyalgia rheumatica. | 1978 Jul 7 | In a review of 39 patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular arthropathy was noted in 15% and 10% of the patients, respectively. Diffuse clavicular swelling preceded the onset of PMR in one patient. Carpal tunnel syndrome was seen in four patients (10%). | |
| 4071440 | [Clinico-morphological comparisons in variants of rheumatoid arthritis (based on the data | 1985 | Altogether 564 successive puncture biopsies withdrawn from patients with different versions of RA were subjected to morphological study with the aid of a statistical analysis of the intensity of 25 signs of synovitis evaluated according to the 5-score system. The differences in the structure of synovitis were recognized: predominance of the signs of the humoral immunity (particularly plasma cell infiltration) in patients with a mild (with a favourable evolution) version of RA and predominance of the signs of the cell-mediated immunity (macrophagal and T-lymphocyte infiltration, cytolysis, proliferation and mesenchymal transformation of fibroblasts) in a grave (incurable, invalidism-producing) version. The disease of medium gravity (running a progressive course but relatively eliminated by therapy) was characterized by the combination of and undulatory time course of the signs indicated. The greatest involution of the majority of the synovitis signs as influenced by the treatment was observed in a mild, whereas the least in the grave version of RA. It is suggested that local antibody genesis may play a protective role in RA. | |
| 4069607 | Ocular chrysiasis. | 1985 Oct | Thirty-four patients who had received over 1 gram of gold compounds for rheumatoid arthritis were examined for ocular chrysiasis. Ninety-seven percent of the patients receiving continuous chrysotherapy at the time of their ocular examination exhibited corneal chrysiasis. With few exceptions, corneal gold deposits were limited to the posterior one-half of the corneal thickness. Deposits tended to concentrate inferiorly and to spare the superior and peripheral cornea. Duration of chrysotherapy correlated positively with the clinically graded density of deposits. In this series, 55% (16/29) of these patients receiving gold therapy for three years or more had lenticular chrysiasis, although this has previously been considered rare. Our data suggest that gold is deposited in the cornea and lens from the anterior chamber aqueous fluid. | |
| 383333 | Interactions between IgM antiglobulins and IgG antinuclear antibodies. Some aspects of D-p | 1979 May | In this report we describe an in vitro masking action of IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF) towards IgG antinuclear antibodies (IgG-ANA) which can be recovered by using D-penicillamine (DP) as an unmasking agent. The mechanism of this masking effect was elucidated by using smears of rat free nucleus as substrate, instead of the classical rat liver cryostat sections technique. It was postulated that the 'inhibition' of IgG-ANA by IgM-RF may be due to the formation of high molecular weight complexes (HMWC); this would be the same in vivo. Allowing the formation of HMWC which can be removed from the circulation, IgM-RF may have a protective effect by preventing or minimizing systemic lesions. Therefore, IgM-RF may be considered as a defence response against potentially noxious ANA or antigen-antibody complexes. Induced nephropathy and the high frequency of detection of ANA observed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated by DP may be the result of the dissociating effect of this drug on HMWC, in which the activity of pre-existing ANA is hidden when rat liver sections are used for its detection. | |
| 103560 | Antibodies reacting with ribosomal ribonucleoprotein in connective tissue diseases. | 1979 Jan | Precipitating antibody to an antigen present in cytoplasm was detected in the sera of 7 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 1 patient with an overlap toid arthritis, and 1 patient with mixed connective tissue disease. By physicochemical and enzymatic studies, the antigen was shown to have the properties of ribosomal ribonucleoprotein (gamma-RNP). Cytoplasmic staining in immunofluorescence was observed with all the 9 sera containing antibodies to gamma-RNP. In certain cases, cytoplasmic staining was associated with nucleolar staining. Antibody to gamma-RNP is different in immunologic specificity and clinical significance from antibody to nuclear RNP and is present primarily in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. | |
| 7252177 | A solid-phase assay for circulating immune complexes using monoclonal rheumatoid factors a | 1981 | A solid-phase monoclonal rheumatoid factor (mRF) assay for circulating immune complexes (IC) is described. Microtiter plates are coated with mRF, serum diluted 1 : 40 is added, and complexed IgG is detected with protein A coupled to peroxidase. Selective binding was obtained with aggregated human gamma-globulin and soluble IC prepared in vitro. Sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation studies indicate that mRF binds intermediate-size IC (between 7S and 19S). Abnormal levels of IC were found in 78% of sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 67% with systemic lupus erythematosus, and 87% with subacute bacterial endocarditis. | |
| 108995 | Identification of specific antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens by passive immunodif | 1979 Apr | Extractable nuclear antigens have been identified in a number of systemic rheumatic diseases and may be useful in differentiating those with overlapping clinical features. A number of detection systems have been described but technical feasibility and sensitivity have limited widespread application. We describe a simple immunodiffusion method to identify extractable nuclear antigens with high specificity and sensitivity that compares favorably with parallel hemagglutination studies. This method can be applied easily to routine analysis of antinuclear antigens. | |
| 6372320 | Studies of polyarthritis caused by Mycoplasma arthritidis in rats. II. Serological investi | 1983 Apr | In sera of rats which developed severe polyarthritis after infection with 10(9) CFU of Mycoplasma arthritidis ISR 1, antibodies against M. arthritidis could be detected by the complement fixation test (CFT), enzyme immune assay (EIA), indirect hemagglutination (IHA), and metabolic inhibition test (MIT). Peak titers (CFT - 1:4096, EIA - 1:2560, IHA - 1:640 and MIT - 1:64) were reached between 2 and 12 weeks after infection. The antibodies persisted for at least 9 months, but started to decrease gradually 5 to 7 months after infection. No antibodies against M. arthritidis could be detected in the growth inhibition test. Immune complexes were found 4 days after infection. They decreased rapidly during the first two months after infection after which they increased again. At no time, rheumatoid factors could be detected. Rats which had recovered from the polyarthritis induced by intravenous injection of M. arthritidis ISR 1 were resistant to a subsequent infection. | |
| 300752 | Studies on antigen-induced arthritis in mice. II. Immunologic correlates of arthritis susc | 1977 May | Antigen-induced arthritis was developed in mice as a model of human rheumatoid arthritis by using methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) as antigen. It was found that most strains were susceptible, whereas CBA mice were resistant. We therefore investigated the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to mBSA in resistant mice (CBA) and susceptible mice (exemplified by C57BL) to determine whether these were associated with susceptibility to arthritis. The resistant strain (CBA) differed from the suceptible strains in the following respects. First, there was a lower humoral immune response to mBSA as measured by passive hemagglutination, but this could be overcome by a larger immunogenic dose. Secondly, there were differences in response to low doses of DNP-mBSA after mBSA carrier preimmunization. Thirdly, there were striking differences in delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to mBSA as determined by a radioisotopic assay in vivo; the response of CBA mice occurred early, at 5 days, declined quickly, and was weaker, whereas that of C57BL mice developed later and was long sustained. Genetic studies of the DTH response with hybrids and backcrosses showed an oligogenic control of immune responsiveness, with one gene being linked to the H-2b allele of the susceptible C57BL mice, and another being independent of the H-2 complex. Our findings indicate that in mice, susceptibility to antigen-induced arthritis with mBSA correlates with a higher responder state to this antigen, and that T cells are the major if not the only determinant of the high responder state. | |
| 1126080 | Pitfalls of proximal tibial osteotomy. | 1975 Jan | Proximal tibial osteotomy for degenerative genu varus and valgus has an excellent success rate with proper patient selection and technical proficiency. The following are some infrequently recognized pitfalls. Excessive bone loss prevents two plateau weight-bearing after osteotomy, introduces a "teeter effect," and is therefore a contraindication. Patellofemoral arthritis may produce symptoms, particularly on stair climbing and necessitate secondary surgery. Varus and planning indicates postoperative articular surface obliquity in excess of 10 to 15 degrees another type of reconstruction is indicated. Secure fixation, closing wedge osteotomy, and non-displacement of the d-stal fragment prevent loss of correction. Peroneal nerve palsy may be avoided by careful surgical technique and postoperative dressings. Cracking the apical cortex and visualization of the plateau fragment will usually prevent fracture. | |
| 6395322 | Demonstration of fibronectin associated with platelets in synovial fluid from patients wit | 1984 | Paired samples of peripheral blood and synovial fluid (SF) aspirated from inflamed knee joints from 15 adult patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis, as well as peripheral blood obtained from 15 healthy subjects, were anticoagulated with ACD. Peripheral blood platelets were separated from other plasma constituents by gel filtration of platelet-rich plasma on Sepharose 2B. When using this technique on SF, it was found that platelets could be isolated from other SF constituents, and that each of the SF's gave a high yield of eluted platelets. Direct immunofluorescent staining for human fibronectin was performed with isolated and suspended platelets obtained from the three different sources. Aliquots of both intact and permeabilized platelets were stained. Intact peripheral platelets from all patients and normal subjects revealed a weakly positive staining, whereas the staining of intact SF platelets from all patients was clear and bright. The fluorescence of intact cells was surface-located and speckled. For permeabilized platelets, the staining had a punctate intracellular pattern, with a varying number of discrete and bright fluorescent foci per cell. Counting of the foci in each platelet specimen revealed that this number, which was also found in peripheral platelets from all patients and normal subjects, was distinctly greater than the number of foci in all the SF platelet specimens. No relationship was found between the various staining results and medical treatment or Waaler-Rose serology of the patients. The findings indicate that the SF platelets had large amounts of surface-bound and small amounts of intracellular fibronectin, whereas the converse was found in the case of peripheral platelets from the patients and normal subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 6603322 | Quantitation of complement proteins in rheumatic disease. | 1983 Apr | Complement proteins serve a critical function in the non-antigen-specific elimination of foreign substances and organisms and of immune complexes. Studies of genetic and acquired alterations of complement proteins have provided insights into the pathophysiology of a number of rheumatic diseases, especially those in which immune complexes are believed to have a role in pathogenesis. Complement levels may be helpful in the management of some patients with SLE or vasculitis, and in evaluation of synovial, pleural and pericardial fluids. | |
| 489662 | Clinical study of total ankle replacement with gait analysis. A preliminary report. | 1979 Oct | Twenty-one ankle replacements in nineteen patients after an average follow-up of 14.7 months were analyzed with respect to their history, physical and roentgenographic findings, and gait analysis. The relief of pain and functional improvement after operation were disappointing compared with the results of prosthetic replacement in other joints and were not related to early complications, age, diagnosis, or the prosthesis used. Muscle weakness about the ankle, especially of the plantar flexors, was a prominent finding and appeared to cause abnormal patterns of gait and of ankle motion. The frequency of progressively increasing radiolucent lines was 88 per cent and of late loosening, 10 per cent. These results suggest a need for more emphasis on postoperative rehabilitation and on the uncertainty of this procedure at its present stage of development. | |
| 271427 | [Anaemia with medullary myeloblastosis (author's transl)]. | 1977 Dec 23 | A case of refractory anaemia with medullary myeloblastosis (RAMM) is described. RAMM is a very rare disease and its relationship to aplastic anaemia and smouldering leukaemia is not clearly established. The diagnosis is confirmed by evaluation of the bone-marrow aspirate and ferrokinetic studies which demonstrate ineffective erythropoiesis. The disease is combined with leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and a hyperplastic bone-marrow. Our patient was monitored for 18 months, during which time her haematological findings remained stable. Since transformation into acute leukaemia occurs in about 25% of the cases, a bone-marrow culture study was performed in order to determine such a leukaemic transformation which is not detectable on examination by the light microscope. Culture studies are discussed along with some prognostic, therapeutic and pathophysiological problems of RAMM. | |
| 6707030 | The Indiana conservative (surface-replacement) hip arthroplasty. | 1984 Apr | We reviewed the clinical results of the Indiana conservative hip arthroplasty in 116 hips with a two to seven-year follow-up. There were seventeen failures (14.6 per cent). The rate of non-traumatic loosening was 10 per cent and the failure rate for patients with inflammatory arthritis was 33 per cent. No infections, dislocations, subluxations, pulmonary emboli, or deaths were associated with the procedure. For forty-two hips with a successful result and a minimum follow-up of three years, the radiographs were analyzed. Factors that were found to have a high correlation with success of the arthroplasty were preservation of the acetabular subchondral bone, complete coverage of the acetabular component, and selection of the appropriate sizes of femoral and acetabular components. Radiolucency was not found to be a reliable diagnostic sign of, or prelude to, symptomatic loosening of the prosthetic implant. | |
| 975667 | Statistics of total knee replacement: partial and total knee replacement, design St. Georg | 1976 Oct | Since 1969, we have used 2 different types of knee prostheses to reconstruct arthritic knees. The surface replacement prosthesis (sledge) is indicated where ligamentous stability is present and angular deformity is not severe. In addition, the sledge prosthesis may be implanted with good results in selected acute comminuted tibial plateau fractures. The total hinged prosthesis of metal design is recommended in knees which are severely deformed, and unstable, and therefore not suitable for the sledge prosthesis. Marked relief of pain was the most significant result in our patients. Residual knee pain was most frequently due to patello-femoral pain and, when severe, this was satisfactorily controlled by performing a patellectomy. Motion was usually maintained at the preoperative range or improved, mainly by reducing or eliminating the knee flexion contracture. In a high percentage, the unicompartmental sledge prosthesis has given excellent results. However, we tend to insert a bi-compartmental sledge prosthesis because experience has shown that even slight damage of the articular surfaces of the opposite side is likely to further deteriorate rapidly. Although a significant number of complications occurred, these have been minimized by further conservative and operative treatment. We anticipate a further reduction in complications based on our initial experience, and prosthetic revisions. | |
| 6859966 | Uric acid effects on in vitro models of rheumatoid inflammatory and autoimmune processes. | 1983 Jun | A neutrophil monolayer system was used to study the effects of uric acid on neutrophil-aggregate interactions important in rheumatoid inflammation. No effect on immunoglobulin G aggregate phagocytosis was seen, but hyperuricaemic levels of uric acid were associated with an enhancement of phagocytosis-induced release of the azurophilic granular enzyme beta-glucuronidase. A trinitrophenyl-coupled mononuclear leucocyte rheumatoid factor plaque-forming assay was utilised to study uric acid effects on polyclonal activation of immunocompetent cells. Low levels of uric acid enhanced and high levels suppressed this system. Hyperuricaemia may enhance some aspects of rheumatoid inflammation, while uric acid may modulate an important component of rheumatoid autoimmunity. |