Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 465097 | Pharmacokinetic monitoring of salicylate therapy in children with juvenile rheumatoid arth | 1979 Aug | Free and total (sum of free and protein bound) salicylate concentrations in serum were determined in 17 children (age: 4-17 years) with definite juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. These measurements were carried out immediately before and 2, 4, and 8 hours after the morning dose during a strict 8 hourly aspirin treatment regimen (regular tablets) started 5 days earlier. The ratio of the 0 to 8 hour total salicylate concentrations was 0.95 +/- 0.10 (mean +/- SD), indicating that steady state had been attained. The ratio of the maximum to minimum concentrations during the dosing interval ranged from 1.05 to 2.26 and decreased with increasing average concentration. The concentration ratio was less than 1.3 at average salicylate concentrations above 20 mg/100 ml. It is concluded that the timing of a blood sample is not critical for monitoring steady state serum salicylate concentrations in the usual therapeutic range if the dosing interval is 8 hours or less. Free salicylate concentrations increased more than proportionately with increasing total concentrations due to the concentration dependent protein binding of the drug in serum. | |
| 4665094 | Cerebral complications in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1972 Oct 7 | A study of 170 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and a review of the literature indicate that this disease can significantly affect the central nervous system. Signs of CNS dysfunction were observed in 13 children. During the acute toxic stages the EEG is abnormal in many cases. Other manifestations of toxic encephalopathy such as irritability, drowsiness, stupor, convulsions and marked meningismus may be evident in severe cases. Meningitis is often suspected but ruled out by the finding of normal CSF. Steroids can rapidly improve the condition of these children. If ;unexplained' seizures occur during the chronic stage, the diagnosis of cerebral vasculitis should be entertained. | |
| 637889 | Psychosocial factors in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1978 Mar | A detailed survey of 88 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) was made in an attempt to elucidate characteristics that may participate in the etiologic mechanism. Data from a random pediatric population from the same geographic area were also included for comparisons. The most striking findings were psychosocial factors. Children whose parents were unmarried as a result of divorce, separation, or death comprised 28.4% of the JRA population, compared to 10.6% of the comparison group. In addition, adoption occurred three times more often in the JRA population. Fifty-one percent of these events (divorce, separation, death, or adoption) occurred near the date of onset of the disease. | |
| 626658 | [Synovectomy in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1978 Mar | Results of 12 late synovectomies in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) (6 knees, 5 wrists, 1 hip), have been evaluated. Synovectomies we performed in 5 patients with 7 to 11 years of evolution and with advanced joint lesions at the X-rays. Pain and inflammation disappeared in all synovectomized joints, but one year later the range of motion was slightly decreased in most of them. In the operated hip, the extent of motions decreased at first, but 6 years later it worked better than the opposite. It is concluded that synovectomy in JRA is useful, even with advanced joint lesions. For best results, present day criteria is to perform synovectomy early in the course of the disease. | |
| 6973634 | Lymphocyte stimulation by gangliosides, cerebrosides and basic protein in juvenile rheumat | 1981 Jul | Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), patients with neurological diseases (ND) and healthy children were tested for reactivity to gangliosides, cerebrosides and basic protein (BP) by the active E-rosette test (AER). None of the lymphocytes from ND patients, healthy children or two children with psoriatic arthritis responded by increased rosette formation to gangliosides, cerebrosides and BP. Lymphocytes from all 16 children with JRA were sensitized to at least one antigen as shown by the AER test. The percentage of active T-cells was significantly lower (p less than or equal to 0.05)( in children with JRA as compared to others. The significance of the results in relation to immunopathogenesis of JRA is discussed. | |
| 918583 | [Liver pathology in juvenile chronic polyarthritis]. | 1977 Sep 3 | Besides lymphodenopathy and splenomegaly, hepatomegaly may also be detected in 25-50% of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. This is particularly evident in patients with complete Still's syndrome. The hepatomegaly increases during relapse situations and disappears during remissions. Transient icterus, elevation of aminotransferases and delayed bromsulfalein excretion have been reported, particularly in patients with complete Still's syndrome, and indicate impairment of liver function. Liver biopsies have been performed only rarely and show nonspecific infiltrations of portal fields with lymphocytes and, in a few cases, "autoimmune" hepatitis and even cirrhosis with portal hypertension. Plasma cell hepatitis with affection of joints can be readily differentiated from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: the synovitis is merely transiet and disappears with institution of steroid therapy. As in the adult, severe liver dysfunction leads to remission of arthritis. Amyloidosis should be considered in every case of long-lasting hepatomegaly. | |
| 7381645 | Renal papillary necrosis in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1980 Jul | Three patients who developed renal papillary necrosis while receiving long-term, high-dose aspirin therapy for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis are presented. It appears that aspirin alone or aspirin in combination with other drugs is the causative agent. The incidence and biologic significance of renal papillary necrosis are insufficient to alter the use of aspirin as the drug of choice in management of JRA. It is recommended that all children with JRA be encouraged to drink ample fluids and be followed with periodic urinalysis and blood pressure measurements. Those children who develop hematuria or hypertension should be evaluated by excretory urography. | |
| 7416812 | Serum amyloid protein levels in south american children with rheumatoid arthritis: a co-op | 1980 Jun | Serum amyloid protein (SAA) levels were determined by radioimmunoassay in 90 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). Significantly higher levels of SAA were present in children with the polyarticular and systemic forms of the disease. SAA levels correlate with disease activity, increasing during acute exacerbations, decreasing during remission and in patients having prednisone therapy. High serum SAA concentrations in children with JRA did not correlate with the presence of secondary amyloidosis and may be useful as a disease monitor. | |
| 7208134 | Pharmacotherapy of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1981 Feb | Salicylate is the drug of first choice in the initial treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. In therapeutic dosage it will adequately control joint symptoms in the majority of patients. For children who do not respond to or are intolerant of salicylate, a change to one of the other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents is appropriate. In progressive polyarthritis unresponsive to the above agents, the addition of gold, antimalarials, or penicillamine is indicated, preferably in that order. Corticosteroid therapy should be reserved for selected patients meeting specific criteria. Pharmacotherapy of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis should always be individualized. For optimal treatment of the whole child it must be combined with both physical and educational measures. | |
| 21278947 | Management of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 Jun | Rheumatoid arthritis is a common disease, for which every physician should have a sound approach. This paper details the global management of the disease. Guidelines are given for educating the patient and assessing the level of disease activity. Common questions about the indications and uses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local corticosteroid injections, slow-acting agents, immunosuppressive drugs and steroids are discussed. | |
| 1082632 | Lymphocyte populations and cellular immune reactions in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1975 | Ten patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and age- and sex-matched healthy controls were investigated in pairs. The patients were found to have both normal proportions and normal absolute numbers of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and the Fc-receptor-bearing lymphoid cells in peripheral blood. No abnormality of mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation was observed. Lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity induced by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or anti-target cell antibodies was also found to be normal. As in an earlier study, impaired delayed hypersensitivity by skin testing was observed in the patient group, thus indicating a dissociation between in vivo and in vitro parameters of lymphoid cell function. | |
| 3981309 | Acute hemorrhagic, hepatic, and neurologic manifestations in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | 1985 Apr | Seven children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis had a syndrome characterized by hemorrhage and neurologic, hepatic, hematologic, and metabolic manifestations. The disease did not seem to conform clearly to the characteristics of Reye syndrome or any other well-known entity. This severe complication may be induced by macrophage activation secondary to a drug or intercurrent infection. Our data suggest that a sudden fall in erythrocyte sedimentation rate or in platelet and fibrinogen levels may mark the start of this complication and may be an indication for rapid steroid therapy. | |
| 20469163 | Diagnosis and assessment of the collagen diseases. | 1975 Feb | Polyarthritis is a characteristic feature of the collagen diseases which include rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, polymyositis, Sjögren's syndrome and polyarteritis. However, the connective tissues of many different organs other than joints may be affected in these disorders. For example, many workers believe that rheumatoid arthritis should be called rheumatoid disease. The important shared and distinguishing features of each of the collagen diseases are described. The manifestations of the collagen diseases have been found to be associated with vasculitis, lymphocytic infiltration of tissues and the presence of auto-antibodies. Implications of these findings for the management of patients suffering from the collagen diseases are outlined. | |
| 3974380 | Sjogren's syndrome: a persistent clinical problem. | 1985 Mar | One hundred sixty patients with Sjogren's syndrome have been evaluated and managed at Scripps Clinic. Objective diagnosis has relied heavily on rose-bengal vital staining and corneal slit lamp examination to establish the presence of KCS and lip biopsy. The role of the head and neck surgeon in evaluating the patient with "dry mouth" is discussed. Usually Sjogren's syndrome is managed nonsurgically, but problems of abscess, recurrent infection, disfigurement, and malignant transformation may result in the need for total parotidectomy with nerve preservation. Radiation for Sjogren's syndrome is rarely, if ever, indicated. The etiology of Sjogren's syndrome may be closely tied to the homogeneous genetic background of its patients and the presence of a chronic immunogenic stimulus well recognized in the secondary form but less clear in the primary. | |
| 4057196 | Defects in pokeweed mitogen (PWM) induced immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis by lymphocytes of | 1985 Aug | In vitro pokeweed mitogen (PWM) induced immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis by lymphocytes of 33 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) was assessed and the results were correlated with clinical characteristics and laboratory measurements of disease activity. Comparisons with results of lymphocytes from adult controls and age related controls, greater than or equal to 12 years, showed reduced responses in patients with JRA. Low responders had significantly higher sedimentation rates (p = .0052) and platelet counts (p = .033), than patients with normal results. No correlations with onset subtype, medications, or age were found. These findings suggest a reduction in in vitro PWM induced B cell differentiation in patients with JRA, which may be related to disease activity. | |
| 6824421 | Wrist subluxation in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: pathophysiology and management. | 1983 Feb | Management principles in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis provide for long-term follow-up throughout all phases of disease activity, including apparent remission. Treatment is based on the stage of disease and anatomy and kinesiology of the joints. Palmar subluxation of the wrist requires proximal support by splints for prevention and correction. Small sphygmomanometer bags have been incorporated into splints for home stretching with demonstrated improvement in bony alignment. | |
| 3162022 | OKT4:OKT8 ratios of circulating T cells and in vitro suppressor cell function of patients | 1985 Apr | OKT4:OKT8 ratios of circulating T cells and in vitro suppressor cell function of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) were studied and correlations were made with clinical characteristics and laboratory variables of disease activity. Suppression of pokeweed mitogen induced immunoglobulin synthesis by OKT4+ and OKT8+ cells was taken as a measure of suppressor cell function. Mean values of OKT4:OKT8 ratios were increased in patients with JRA. A decrease in suppressor cell function correlated with high OKT4:OKT8 ratios but neither abnormality was related to increased disease activity. | |
| 6221484 | [Experimental plasmin arthritis]. | 1983 Jan | It is known, that plasmin is capable of specifically activating the complement factors C1 q and C3. In addition plasmin can activate procollagenase to collagenase. Since both mechanisms could possibly play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, we have carried out animal experiments to investigate the primary role of plasmin in the development of arthritis. Twenty-two rabbits were subjected to intraarticular injection with an equal dose of plasmin on days 1, 4, and 8. An aspirate was taken on day 9 for a white cell count and a histological investigation of the synovial tissue. Already after a single dose of 0.25 CU plasmin an inflammatory reaction was clearly observed. Increasing amounts of plasmin (2.5 and 12.5 CU) caused an increased inflammatory response. On the basis of these results, it is discussed whether the observed arthritic reaction after plasmin injection is caused by complement activation. Possible analogies with rheumatoid arthritis are discussed. | |
| 303800 | Oxygen consumption during phagocytosis by leukocytes in patients with rheumatic diseases. | 1977 | Oxygen consumption was investigated during phagocytosis by leukocytes in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus and scleroderma. Compared with the situation in normal persons, the mean oxygen consumption in the total patient group was depressed. | |
| 1129473 | Lymphatic visualization during hip arthrography. | 1975 Jun | Lymphatic visualization at arthrography has been reported previously in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The authors describe this phenomenon in 4 patients undergoing arthrography of the hip following prosthetic surgery, only one of whom had a history of rheumatoid arthritis. It is suggested that lymphatic visualization is not a reliable indicator of any specific type of arthritis, but rather an ancillary sign of inflammation, and that it may occur whenever lymphatic hyperplasia or increased synovial membrane permeability is present. |