Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7097684 | Reiter's syndrome: a male and female disease. | 1982 Mar | A diagnosis of Reiter's syndrome was made in 12 males and 13 females based on an asymmetrical oligoarthritis with lower extremity predominance and at least 1 characteristic extraarticular manifestation. The pattern of disease was similar in both sexes; females had more extensive upper extremity joint involvement and ocular inflammation; males had more nonbacterial urethritis. Eighty-two % of males and 62% of females were HLA-B27 positive. We suggest that Reiter's syndrome has not been diagnosed in more females in the past because of an historical bias, a reliance on the complete classical triad, and confusion with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 1079693 | Ocular manifestations of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1975 Jun | We followed 210 cases of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis closely for eleven years. Thirty-six of the 210 patients (17.2%) developed iridocyclitis. Iridocyclitis was seen most frequently in young female patients (0 to 4 years) with the monoarticular or pauciatricular form of the arthritis. However, 30% of the patients developed uveitis after 16 years of age. Although 61% of patients had a noncontributory ocular history on entry, 42% had active uveitis on entry. Our approach was effective in detecting uveitis in new cases and exacerbations of uveitis in established cases. Forty-four percent of patients with uveitis had one or more identifiable signs or symptoms, such as red eye, ocular pain, decreased visual acuity, or photophobia, in order of decreasing frequency. Even after early detection and prompt treatment, 41% of cases of uveitis did not respond to more than six months of intensive topical treatment with corticosteroids and mydriatics. Despite this, there was a dramatic decrease in the 50% incidence of blinding complications of uveitis cited in earlier studies. Cataract and band keratopathy occurred in only 22 and 13% of our group, respectively. We used chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine in 173 of 210 cases and found only one case of chorioretinopathy attributable to these drugs. Systemically administered corticosteroids were used in 75 of 210 cases; a significant number of posterior subcapsular cataracts was found. Typical keratoconjunctivitis sicca developed in three of the uveitis cases. This association with uveitis and JRA was not noted previously. Surgical treatment of cataracts, band keratopathy, and glaucoma achieved uniformly discouraging results. | |
| 6692627 | Upper tibial osteotomy. | 1984 Jan | Arthritis of the knee usually produces a change in the coronal plane of the normal femorotibial axial alignment. This change occurs if the arthritis is mostly unicompartmental. Most unicompartmental degenerative arthritis involves the medial compartment, producing a varus deformity. In rheumatoid patients, however, a valgus deformity is commonly produced. For at least the last 25 years, upper tibial osteotomy has been used to correct this malalignment. The rationale is to unload the more involved compartment and transfer the load to the less involved side. While the vast majority of upper tibial osteotomies are done for degenerative arthritis, the procedure is occasionally indicated in the inactive stage of rheumatoid arthritis. A study of 213 knees with a 16-year follow-up period showed that, even before total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was available as an alternative, 61% of the knees were satisfactory after ten years. With the additional choice of either unicompartmental or bicompartmental TKA during the past decade, the selection for upper tibial osteotomy can be more specific. The need to overcorrect to about 10 degrees of valgus in a varus knee has been established. In addition, technical aspects have been improved. With the more specific selection of patients and improvement in the exactness of the technique, an even higher incidence of long-term excellent and good results can be anticipated. Finally, it has been clearly demonstrated that when the bone and articular cartilage are relieved from the overloaded state, the cartilage will regenerate. Thus, upper tibial osteotomy not only relieves pain and improves function but also allows for healing of the articular cartilage. | |
| 3973776 | Infantile multisystem inflammatory disease: a specific syndrome? | 1985 Mar | We report two patients with infantile onset of evanescent rash, fever, arthropathy with severe deformities, periosteal changes, chronic meningitis, hydrocephalus, convulsions, developmental delay, papilledema, unusual uveitis, and lymphadenopathy. A few patients with similar findings have been previously reported. Although some similarity exists between findings in these patients and in others with systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, they appear to differ both in regard to the nature and severity of the clinical and pathologic features. We suggest that this group of patients has a separate rheumatic disorder not yet included in the standard classifications of the childhood rheumatic diseases. | |
| 6809243 | [Role of pregnancy and related conditions on experimental arthritis of the rat (author's t | 1982 May 3 | Pregnancy in Rat induces, as in humans suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, a striking improvement of adjuvant arthritis. This improvement is not associated with an enhancement of corticosteronemia; it does not appear either in pseudo-pregnancy, or in experimental deciduoma. It could rather be related to an immune mechanism; an enhancement of T suppressor lymphocytes associated to a decrease of T helper lymphocyte activity in peripheral blood as suggested by a high response to ConA and low response PHA and PWM during arthritis plus pregnancy. The influence of hormonal factors on recirculation and/or activity of peripheral lymphocytes is not excluded. | |
| 67391 | Schizophrenia as a prostaglandin deficiency disease. | 1977 Apr 30 | Evidence that schizophrenia may be a prostaglandin deficiency disease comes from three main sources: (1) all effective antischizophrenic drugs stimulate prolactin secretion and prolactin is a potent stimulator of prostaglandin synthesis; (2) schizophrenics are resistant to pain and inflammation and are free of rheumatoid arthritis and there is increasing evidence that prostaglandins play important roles in pain, inflammation, and rheumatoid arthritis; (3) high doses of drugs recently shown to be prostaglandin antagonists cause schizophrenia-like syndromes. The hypothesis is not necessarily inconsistent with current transmitter theories of schizophrenia since prostaglandins modify transmitter secretion and action. It does indicate radically new approaches to investigation, treatment, and drug design not suggested by the transmitter concepts. | |
| 3987155 | Baker's cyst. Radionuclide arthrographic findings. | 1985 Mar | Radionuclide arthrography of the knee is described using Tc-99m sulfur colloid, which is injected into the synovial cavity following partial distension of the joint space with saline. The preliminary findings in Baker's cyst are described. There appear to be four patterns: 1) a herniation or cyst that can be posterior, inferior, medial or lateral to the knee synovial space; 2) a limited leak inferiorly toward the calf or superiorly toward the thigh; 3) extensive leak: giant cyst found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis; 4) multiple "cysts" or communications with the knee synovial space. The series is small, and more work is needed before these preliminary findings can be used as firm categories. Radionuclide arthrography should be considered in patients with unexplained calf pain or pain behind the knee, especially with a history of previous internal knee derangement, or rheumatoid arthritis in whom ruptured cysts can closely mimic acute thrombophlebitis. Radionuclide arthrography has certain advantages over contrast arthrography and also arthroscopy in the diagnosis of Baker's cyst. | |
| 6943453 | Synovial fluid lactic acid in septic arthritis. | 1981 Feb 25 | Lactic acid concentrations in the synovial fluid of 71 patients with inflammatory arthritis were determined by an enzyme method. In 63 samples from 54 patients with a variety of non-septic arthritides, including rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis and gout, the concentration of lactic acid was never greater than 10.2 mmol/l, whereas all twelve patients with septic arthritis had concentrations of 11 mmol/l or greater. Two patients with gonococcal arthritis did not have raised lactic acid concentrations. The enzyme method of lactic acid estimation is an accurate reproducible means of differentiating septic from nonseptic arthritis prior to the isolation of the infecting organism. However, caution is necessary when interpreting the results in those patients who have recently received antibiotic therapy, or in whom gonococcal arthritis is suspected. | |
| 6248840 | Arthritis associated with common viral infections: mumps, coxsackievirus, and adenovirus. | 1980 Jul | Arthritis complicating the common viral infections--mumps, coxsackievirus, and adenovirus--can be enigmatic. Mumps arthritis is often difficult to identify, especially when parotitis is mild, because the arthritic syndrome generally follows complete clearing of salivary adenitis by one to two weeks. Migratory polyarthritis is common and may run a protracted course, but only supportive care is generally needed. Arthritis associated with coxsackievirus or adenovirus infection may be particularly perplexing, as the dominant syndrome may be a classic Still's variety of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The polyarthritis may be persistent and/or recurrent, despite administration of potent antiinflammatory agents. | |
| 923860 | Latex particle adherence (LPA) test for identification of adherent and non-adherent leucoc | 1977 | A new simple and rapid in vitro test is proposed for identification of adherent and non-adherent leucocyte subpopulations. The test based on adherence of latex (polystyrene) particles to the cell surface utilizes latex particle suspension commercially available for routine examination of the rheumatoid factor in blood of patients with progressive rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 910090 | Can chronic and self-perpetuating arthritis in the human be caused by arthrotropic undegra | 1977 Aug | Although the aetiological agents responsible for the initiation of rheumatoid arthritis in the human are not known, the possibility that the disease is of bacterial origin has been considered. The bacterial factors involved may be small fragments of undegraded wall components which persist for long periods within macrophages and trigger the active release of lysosomal enzymes which cause tissue destruction. The failure to identify such wall components in diseases tissues may be due to the lack of adequate sensitive techniques to detect minute amounts of these wall components, shown to trigger chronic destructive arthritis in laboratory animals. Two models of arthritis caused by mycobacterial and streptococcal wall components are described and the possible role played by immune responses, to the persisting bacterial factors, in the pathogenesis of human arthritis is discussed. | |
| 6863929 | The internal image of IgG in cross-reactive anti-idiotypic antibodies against human rheuma | 1983 Aug | A network of idiotypes and anti-idiotypes has been hypothesized to modulate antibody production against exogenous antigens. Idiotypic antigens on autoantibodies have been studied because of their potential use for specific immunomodulation. The present studies describe the preparation and characterization of rabbit anti-idiotypic antibody against human IgM anti-IgG autoantibodies (rheumatoid factors, RF) that bear the "internal image" of the human IgG-Fc fragment, and hence react specifically with the majority of RF from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The anti-idiotype was isolated from rabbit anti-RF antisera by either immunodepletion of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies, or more simply by a single affinity purification step on a rabbit anti-human IgG Fc column. As measured by an enzyme-linked immunoassay, the anti-idiotype prepared by both methods bound to plates coated with purified IgM RF, but not to plates coated with non-RF IgM proteins. The anti-idiotype dose dependently blocked the binding to IgG of IgM-RF in 83% of sera from multiple patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, and macroglobulinemia. The anti-idiotype did not inhibit the activity of human IgM antibodies against DNP, tetanus toxoid, or thyroglobulin. The antigen recognized by the cross-reactive anti-idiotype was not apparently associated with a particular light or heavy chain amino acid sequence, but rather was intrinsic to most immunoglobulins with RF activity. Broadly cross-reactive anti-idiotypes with the "internal image" of IgG are simple to generate, and react with most RF. They may facilitate studies on the specific regulation of the human anti-IgG autoantibody response. | |
| 686857 | Joint hypermobility leading to osteoarthrosis and chondrocalcinosis. | 1978 Jun | We have reviewed 21 adults referred to rheumatology clinic and considered to have generalised joint hypermobility by the criteria of Carter and Wilkinson (1964), modified by Beighton et al. (1973). They fell into two categories. 5 patients had a raised plasma viscosity (PV) and in each case a definite pathology was found to account for this, superimposed on hypermobile joints. The remaining 16 had a normal PV and this group was thought to represent the late natural history of hypermobility. 5 of these (aged 32 to 54 years) had no evidence of osteoarthrosis but the remaining 11 (aged 34 to 80 years) had widespread radiological osteoarthrosis. Synovial histology was obtained at arthroscopy in 6 of these patients and 4 (aged 60 to 75) had chondrocalcinosis. This previously undescribed finding may be the end result of hypermobile joints. Hypermobile patients with joint deformity (lax connective tissue), widespread synovial thickening (traumatic), and hot joint effusions (chondrocalcinosis) may mimic rheumatoid arthritis. They must be distinguished from patients who develop rheumatoid arthritis in hypermobile joints. | |
| 455717 | An evaluation of the use of electrophoresis and carbon furnace atomic absorption spectrome | 1979 May 16 | The results of an evaluation of the use of atomic absorption spectrometry with carbon furnace atomisation to analyse the copper content of individual protein fractions separated by electrophoresis is reported. Albumin copper levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were found to be about 1 to 2% of the total serum copper. Both albumin and alpha 2 levels are affected by contamination from residual copper present on the strip. An investigation of this contamination indicated very low blank copper levels in the areas of the strip containing alpha 1 and beta proteins. These results, and the results of analysis of copper in the ultrafiltrate from the same serum samples, are combined to define the copper distribution in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The determinations that can most readily be carried out by this technique are discussed. | |
| 862247 | Enhanced phagocytosis of immune complexes in pregnancy. | 1977 Apr | Utilizing an in vitro immunofluorescence phagocytosis assay for the detection of circulating immune complexes sera from pregnant women, from women taking contraceptive agents and age-matched controls were tested for their effect on the phagocytosis of immune complexes by normal peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN). Immune complexes present in the serum of a patient with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and heat-aggregated IgG (COHN fraction II) were used as substrate. A significant enhancement of the phagocytosis of immune complexes by PMN in the presence of increasing amounts of pregnancy serum was seen using rheumatoid arthritis serum as well as heat-aggregated IgG. Serum from patients taking contraceptive drugs and controls showed no effect on the phagocytosis of such complexes in vitro. These observations suggest that pregnancy serum contains factors which enhance the phagocytosis of immune complexes possibly resulting in an increased clearance of such complexes. The commonly seen improvement of rheumatic diseases in the course of pregnancy might at least partially be due to this mechanism. | |
| 27517233 | Digital skin capillary flow of xenon-133 in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1976 Dec | An atraumatic method for measuring digital capillary blood flow with(133)xenon is described here. It has the advantage of not requiring the handling of xenon in the gaseous phase, and is a comfortable procedure for the patient. A study of rheumatoid patients without overt vaculitis, and controls showed similar values, suggesting that despite digital deformities, the digital blood flow of the usual rheumatoid is adequate. | |
| 7209286 | Plantar fasciitis and Achilles tendinitis among 150 cases of seronegative spondarthritis. | 1980 Nov | A painful heel syndrome (plantar fasciitis and/or Achilles tendinitis) was found in 33 among 150 patients suffering from a seronegative spondarthritis. The clinical and radiological manifestations of this syndrome were similar in the nosological entities included in the seronegative spondarthritis group. HLA-B27 antigen was found in 91% of the patients, radiological sacroliitis in 64% and an asymmetric peripheral arthritis in all cases. By contrast, Achilles tendinitis was not encountered in 220 cases of rheumatoid arthritis; plantar fasciitis was exceptional in the same cases. | |
| 509835 | Radiology of seronegative spondyloarthropathies. | 1979 Sep | Radiographic manifestations of the seronegative spondyloarthropathies superficially resemble the findings of rheumatoid arthritis although they differ in both distribution and pattern of disease. Ankylosing spondylitis has a predilection for the axial skeleton; psoriatic arthritis may involve distal interphalangeal joints; and Reiter's syndrome is most commonly associated with asymmetrical lower extremity alterations. The absence of osteoporosis and the presence of bony proliferation are also noted in these disorders. Sacroiliitis and spondylitis, which can be observed in any of these disease, may have distinctive features. In ankylosing spondylitis, bilateral saroiliac joint alterations and typical syndesmophytes are common; in Reiter's syndrome and psoriasis, asymmetrical saroiliac joint changes and bulky spinal outgrowths may be observed. The physician should be aware of typical roentgen findings in each of the spondyloarthropathies. | |
| 1081730 | Evidence for complement activation by the alternate pathway in the arthritis of hypogammag | 1975 | The chronic, rheumatoid synovitis in four patients (two children and two adults) with immunodeficiency was studied by means of immunopathological examination of synovial tissues and fluids. Their immunodeficiencies were extensively studied, with various tests for humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The two children were boys with Bruton's disease. One adult, female, had common variable immunodeficiency. One adult male had severe hypogammaglobulinemia. All patients had isolated deposits of complement component C3 in their synovial membranes, usually without traces of immunoglobulins. Depressed levels of complement component C3 were found in the joint fluid, in contrast to high levels in the corresponding serum in one patient. Components of the alternate pathway, properdin and C3A, were found in the tissues, but not components of the classic pathway, C1q and C4. The findings suggest that chronic, rheumatoid arthritis in hypogammaglobulinemic patients may be related to activation of C3 by the alternate pathway. | |
| 6288166 | Fungal arthritis simulating juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1982 Oct 2 | Petriellidium boydii is often isolated from maduromycosis but has recently been associated with arthritis. A previously healthy 6-year-old boy developed chronic purulent arthritis of the knee after a bicycle accident. Culture of aspirate grew no pathogens and antibiotic treatment had no effect. Culture of synovial fluid grew P boydii, which responded initially to amphotericin but reappeared after six months. Subsequent treatment with miconazole was stopped after development of haematuria. The fungus was sensitive to ketoconazole, and treatment with this drug cured the infection. With the introduction of ketoconazole it is of practical importance to recognise fungal infections. |