Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 799988 | A clinical trial of Tofranil in rheumatic pain in general practice. | 1976 | A multicentre double-blind clinical trial was conducted in general practice in which imipramine (Tofranil) was added to existing standard analgesic anti-rheumatic therapy in patients suffering from osteo-arthritis, rheumatoidtero-arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis. Twelve doctors admitted sixty-five patients to the trial. Fifty-five patients completed an eitht-week treatment period. According to clinical assessments imipramine brough about statistically significant improvements in pain, stiffness and grip strength and, according to patient self-rating, significant improvement in pain and stiffness. On the basis of a global assessment patients showed a highly significant preference for imipramine compared with placebo as adjunctive therapy. | |
| 4565394 | Human diseases associated with mycoplasms. With an appendix on simple culture techniques. | 1972 May | The mycoplasmas (formerly called pleuropneumonia-like organisms, or pplo) are a group of pleomorphic micro-organisms characterized by lack of cell wall and ability to form colonies on agar resembling tiny fried eggs. They have been recognized as pathogens of lower mammals since 1898. Of the more than 40 known veterinary species, many are pathogens, commonly causing pneumonia, arthritis or arteritis. Of the mycoplasmas found in man, Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the only well established human pathogen. It is responsible for a variety of respiratory syndromes, of which the most frequently recognized is cold agglutinin-positive atypical pneumonia. Hematologic, neurologic and dermatologic complications of this infection have been noted. M. hominis has been implicated as a causative factor in various febrile complications of pregnancy, such as septic abortion and amnionitis. T-strain mycoplasmas are ubiquitous in the human genitourinary tract, but attempts to link their presence to disease have thus far been unsuccessful. Mycoplasmas also have been associated with neoplastic disease and with rheumatoid arthritis. The validity of these latter findings is unclear, and additional study is needed. | |
| 6965736 | Complications of local corticosteroid injections. | 1980 Apr 18 | Unusual complications associated with local microcrystalline corticosteroid injections were observed in four patients with diverse rheumatic disorders. Adverse reactions included (1) bilateral digital flexor tendon rupture following carpal tunnel injection for idiopathic median nerve compression syndrome; (2) bowstring deformity of a finger after local corticosteroid treatment of psoriatic digital flexor tendonitis; (3) carpal tunnel infection following dorsal arthrocentesis of a wrist in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis; and (4) pronounced flushing of the face, neck, and chest after intrasynovial corticosteroid injection in a patient with psoriasis and arthritis. This article considers some physiologic actions of corticosteroids possibly responsible for development of these untoward effects. | |
| 6788936 | A mechanism of action of gold sodium thiomalate in diseases characterized by a proliferati | 1981 Aug | These studies, conducted on early passage synovial cell mono-layers (derived from explant cultures of tissue obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis), have established that gold sodium thiomalate (GST) exposure results in dose-dependent changes in cell proliferation and protein synthesis as a consequence of the cellular accumulation of gold. The amount of gold found in the cell layer is correlated with the degree of inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation. Gold remains in the cell layer of treated cells after they have been subcultured twice in the absence of GST. Exposure of cells to a concentration of GST of 100 muM for 4 days results in 50% inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation. This antiproliferative effect is reversible at concentrations of 10 muM GST or less. Only partial recovery is observed after exposure to higher concentrations of GST which may be related to retained gold. The amount of collagen and noncollagen protein synthesized per cell increases at concentrations of GST of 10 muM and below but decreases with concentrations above 10 muM. A dose-dependent decrease in protein synthesized per flask and a decrease in the commitment to synthesize collagen relative to total protein synthesis follows exposure to GST in excess of 10 muM for 20 days which recovers partially after synovial cells are grown in GST-free medium for 10 days. An observed decrease in the percentage of type III collagen synthesized by synovial cells after GST exposure was not observed in cells grown in GST-free medium for 5 days after exposure, indicating that this effect of collagen synthesis is reversible. The reversible biochemical changes resulting from the exposure of cultured human synovial cells to GST are discussed as a mechanism of action of this drug on the proliferative synovitis that characterizes diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3871450 | Chronic progressive polyarthritis and other symptoms of collagen vascular disease induced | 1985 Mar | The induction of a GVHR in (BALB/c X A)F1 mice by i.v. injection of 80 to 120 X 10(6) BALB/c spleen cells leads to the development of chronic progressive polyarthritis, which shares several of the articular and extra-articular manifestations of human rheumatoid arthritis. The development of these lesions was found to be mediated by donor T cells and to require the presence of histoincompatibility between donor and host. The arthritis, which was mainly confined to the interphalangeal joints of the forefeet and hindfeet, was histologically characterized by periarticular and synovial lymphoid infiltrations, as well as synovial proliferation and pannus formation. Prominent juxta-articular lesions included 1) perivascular infiltrates, 2) peritendinitis, 3) myositis, and 4) inflammatory nodules. In addition, the GVH F1 mice showed pathologic symptoms reminiscent of other collagen vascular diseases, including the following: 1) a Sjögren-like salivary gland lesion, 2) lesions resembling sclerosing cholangitis, 3) scleroderma-like skin lesion, and 4) immune-complex glomerulonephritis. In most of the GVH F1 mice, these pathologic changes were accompanied by lymphoid stimulation. The spectrum of symptoms induced has many similarities to that found in mixed connective tissue disease. | |
| 718271 | The arthritis of mixed connective tissue disease. | 1978 Oct | Twenty patients with mixed connective tissue disease were followed for 5 years. Arthritis occurred in all 20 patients, being the presenting complaint in 11 patients. The joints most frequently involved were the proximal interphalangeal (PIP), metacarpophalangeal (MCP), wrists, metatarsophalangeal (MTP), and knee; the distribution tended to be symmetrical, mimicking early rheumatoid arthritis. Joint deformities occurred in 6 patients, but apart from 1 patient with arthritis mutilans, significant functional impairment was not encountered. Radiologically small punched out bone erosions, asymmetrically distributed, were the most characteristic finding; other notable changes were aseptic necrosis, tuft erosions, and periarticular calcification. Joint effusions were non-inflammatory, the cellular content was predominantly lymphocytic and the C3 level was normal. Most cases were controlled with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and invariably responded to prednisone less than or equal to 7.5 mg/day. | |
| 7092341 | Cell division in the synovial lining in experimental allergic arthritis: proliferation of | 1982 Jun | The synovial tissue in experimentally induced immune arthritis induced in the rabbit has been used as a model of rheumatoid arthritis to determine which cells may contribute to the growth of this tissue. Tissue from the challenged and from the unchallenged knee joints was taken, after the intra-articular injection of a small amount of tritiated thymidine, from rabbits up to 3 months after the arthritis was induced. DNA synthesis, as a measure of cell proliferative activity, was assessed firstly by measuring the labelling index in autoradiographs of sections of such tissue, and secondly by the DNA synthetic index obtained by Feulgen cytophotometry. These measurements were made separately on synoviocytes, on the structural cells of the stroma, on the cells lining the small blood vessels, and on the infiltrating inflammatory cells. The DNA synthetic activity of the synoviocytes, and of the stromal noninflammatory cells, was maximal between 3 and 7 days after challenge. The activity in the synoviocytes, in particular, remained raised for up to 84 days after the challenge. Thus these cells appear to be capable of contributing to the hyperplasia, but the contribution of other cells, deeper in the stroma, cannot be excluded. | |
| 7351646 | The relationship between serum gastrin, gastric ulceration and basal acid output in the po | 1980 Feb | The relation between the incidence of gastric ulceration, basal acid output and serum gastrin concentration was studied in the pyloric-ligated normal rat and the rat with established adjuvant disease (polyarthritis). Although there was no significant difference in either gastric secretions or basal acid output, serum gastrin was significantly higher in the adjuvant rat than in the normal rat, independent of the nutritional state of the animal. The incidence of the gastric lesions was eight times greater in adjuvant rats compared to controls in a 6-hour pyloric-ligation period. When the period of pyloric ligation was increased from 6 to 17 hr, there was 91% increase in gastric lesions in polyarthritic rats. Histopathology of the lesions in the polyarthritic rat showed diffuse and focal submucosal edema with polymorphonuclear inflammatory cell infiltration in the submucosa of the fundic and antral areas of the stomach. The increased susceptibility of the polyarthritic rat to gastric ulceration could be related to a combination of experimental stress and hypergastrinemia. Since similar elevations in serum gastrin have been reported in the rheumatoid arthritis in man, it is herein proposed that the polyarthritic rat could be used as a screening model for the evaluation of the ulcerogenicity potential of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. | |
| 6624370 | [Nodular focal hyperplasia with unusual characteristics. Apropos of a case]. | 1983 | Nodular focal hyperplasia is a rare hepatic disease that occasionally is found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Felty syndrome, the CRST syndrome, and so on. May be confused with cirrhosis; histologic evaluation of liver biopsy material is essential for diagnosis. Certain drugs should be considered as possible ethiologic factors. | |
| 7070788 | Scleral melanocytoma. | 1982 Feb | An 81-year-old black woman with severe rheumatoid arthritis presented with an enlarging black lesion on the medial sclera of the left eye. Scleromalacia perforans was suspected. At surgical exploration, a deeply pigmented tumor was encountered, with extension into the orbit, along the medial rectus muscle. Biopsy revealed a benign melanocytoma. | |
| 20469339 | Gold or penicillamine? | 1981 Feb | The recent approval of penicillamine (Cupramine) for use in rheumatoid arthritis has given the physician another remission-inducing drug for this disease. A thorough understanding of penicillamine's administration and toxicity is necessary before the physician begins to use it. Although its efficacy is similar to gold, side effects are considerably more diverse, and longterm side effects require further assessment. This article reviews the clinical use of gold and penicillamine and the factors which may influence the choice of one drug over the other in a given patient. | |
| 6205662 | Experimental synovitis induced by intraarticular administration of alpha 2-macroglobulin-p | 1984 Aug | Rheumatoid synovial collagenase was prepared from tissue cultures from rheumatoid arthritis patients, obtained after synovectomy. Alpha 2-macroglobulin was isolated from human plasma and complexed with collagenase or trypsin. Formation of both types of complexes was proven by sodium dodecyl sulfate and rate electrophoresis. Normal rabbits were injected intraarticularly into the right knee, on days 0, 3, and 6, with either alpha 2-macroglobulin-collagenase or alpha 2-macroglobulin-trypsin complexes. Control injections of alpha 2-macroglobulin, trypsin, or rheumatoid synovial collagenase were applied to the left knee joint cavity. Groups of rabbits were killed 18 hours, 1 week, or 3 weeks after the last injection, and cellular exudation into synovial fluid and morphologic alterations of synovium were investigated. Joints injected with alpha 2-macroglobulin showed no synovitis, while joints injected with collagenase showed an experimental synovitis. Alpha 2-macroglobulin-proteinase complexes, however, induced a synovitis, which was more severe than that occurring after injection of proteinases only. In the early stages, synovium showed perivascular accumulation of inflammatory cells, infiltration with neutrophils, proliferation of synovial cells, and exudation of inflammatory cells into synovial fluid. Later stages were characterized by infiltration with mononuclear cells and fibroplasia. | |
| 6431438 | The management of factor VIII inhibitors in non-hemophilic patients. | 1984 | The experience of 118 coagulation specialists in the treatment of 215 non-hemophilic patients with inhibitors to factor VIII:C was recently reviewed. In approximately half these patients there were no illnesses which may have predisposed to inhibitor formation, while "auto-immune" disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus were present in 18%. Major bleeding was reported in 87% of the patients, and 22% died as a consequence of having the inhibitor. While inhibitors in a few patients, particularly those that developed in association with pregnancy, disappeared without treatment, most patients were given prednisone in doses of up to 2 mg/kg per day. This therapy was most effective in patients without associated disorders, but disappearance of the inhibitor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis usually occurred only when cyclophosphamide or azathioprine was added to the therapeutic regimen. Subjects with inhibitor titers in excess of 10 Bethesda Units were usually refractory to all therapeutic modalities. The management of acute bleeding episodes in the patient with an inhibitor has been the subject of a number of recent reports. Successful stratagems have included intensive plasmapheresis combined with massive infusion of antihemophilic factor concentrates, the use of porcine factor VIII concentrates, and the administration of clotting factor concentrates which bypass the locus of factor VIII participation in clotting. All of these methods expose the patient to potential serious side-effects, and the ultimate solution to the problem of the development of factor VIII inhibitors will require insights into the reasons for the production of these antibodies and measures to regulate aberrant immune processes. | |
| 6365203 | Diminished activity of a chemotactic inhibitor in synovial fluids from patients with famil | 1984 Mar | Synovial fluids from patients with osteoarthritis contain a chemotactic inhibitor that acts by antagonizing the complement-derived chemotactic anaphylotoxin, C5a. The activity of this inhibitor in synovial fluids from patients with several forms of inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout) were comparable to the activity present in osteoarthritic synovial fluids. In contrast, levels of inhibitory activity in synovial fluids from 9 patients with familial Mediterranean fever were decreased to less than 20% of those found in osteoarthritis fluids. The possibility was considered that the diminished inhibitory activity in fluids from patients with familial Mediterranean fever plays a part in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory attacks characteristic of this disease. | |
| 3837658 | [Articular manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease]. | 1985 Oct | A review of articular manifestations of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease is presented. The concept of seronegative spondyloarthropathies is examined. The differences between the form, compromising only the appendiculary skeleton, whose articular manifestations have a correlation with disease activity and, with the form, compromising the axial skeleton, mimetizing ankylosing spondylitis in which articular manifestations have their course independent of intestinal activity. The treatment of articular manifestation, with special emphasis to the importance of physiotherapy in the treatment of axial skeleton alterations is discussed. | |
| 6744742 | Flexible implant arthroplasty of the radiocarpal joint. Surgical technique and long-term s | 1984 Jul | The wrist joint is frequently impaired in rheumatoid, post-traumatic, and degenerative arthritis. Stable radiocarpal motion, even limited, can improve functional hand adaptations, especially if the proximal or distal joints are disabled. A flexible silicone intramedullary stemmed hinged implant was developed in 1967 to be used as an adjunct to resection arthroplasty of the radiocarpal joint while at the same time maintaining the radiocarpal relation and allowing wrist motion in all planes. The surgical technique includes proper contracture release, bone preparation, extensor tendon repair and balancing, and dorsal and palmar capsuloligamentous repair to allow only 60 degrees of total passive flexion/extension and 10 degrees radial/ulnar deviation. This procedure can be combined with ulnar head capping. Metal bone liners (grommets) may be used to protect the radiocarpal implant from sharp bone edges. From January 1970 to April 1983, 181 wrist implant procedures had been performed in 139 patients, most of whom had rheumatoid arthritis. Stable, pain-free functional motion was obtained in the majority of cases. Roentgenograms showed the implants to be well tolerated by bone. Complications were infrequent. Because this procedure does not require cementing or significant bone resection, revision or arthrodesis procedures are facilitated. | |
| 837623 | Rigid flatfoot. | 1977 Jan | The proper management of the rigid flat-foot requires an accurate diagnosis since the condition is treated on causal or rational basis. Calcaneonavicular coalition best seen on an oblique view of the foot may be treated by resection of the coalition with extensor digitorum brevis interposition. If the diagnosis is made sufficiently early, the resection can lead to an essentially normal foot. Coalition between the talus and the calcaneus may occur in the posterior, middle or anterior facet. The most common coalitions are seen in the middle facet area followed by those in the anterior facet with the posterior facet coalition rarely being seen. Coalitions in the area of the middle facet are usually managed nonoperatively; triple arthrodesis is used only if symptoms are not relieved by nonoperative measures. Resection of a talocalcaneal coalition in the middle facet is rarely indicated but occasionally will give relief when the coalition either presses on the medial plantar nerve or causes a mechanical disturbance of the ankle. Anterior facet coalitions should receive a trial of cast immobilization but frequently require triple arthrodesis. Other conditions such as rheumatoid and post-traumatic arthritis will frequently respond to a period of immobilization in a plaster cast. Triple arthrodesis has not been required in rheumatoid arthritis in the author's series but occasionally is necessary in the post-traumatic rigid flatfoot. Other rare causes of the rigid flatfoot should be kept in mind for a complete diagnostic evaluation since even a neoplasm (fibrosarcoma) has been reported to cause this symptom complex. | |
| 6532185 | An assessment of the physiological significance of cimetidine interactions with copper and | 1984 Dec | The hypothesis was formerly put forward that the main therapeutic action of cimetidine (the histamine H2-receptor antagonist marketed as Tagamet) as well as some of its side effects might be mediated by its interactions with essential metal ions. The present paper reports the potentiometric study of the coordination of the drug with copper(II) and zinc(II) in NaCl 0.15 mol dm-3 at 37 degrees C. Special attention was paid to copper complexes, due to (i) the involvement of cimetidine in rheumatoid arthritis evolution which could be related to the well-established role of copper against this disease, (ii) the anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory properties of copper. In particular, the copper-cimetidine-histamine and copper-cimetidine-histidine ternary systems were investigated. Computer simulations of the distribution of cimetidine, zinc and copper in blood plasma were performed at therapeutic levels of the drug. No influence can be expected from cimetidine on the bioavailability of these metal ions, the opposite being also true. The mediation of copper in the action of cimetidine on rheumatoid arthritis should thus be ruled out, the influence of the drug being rather interpretable in terms of reduction of histamine release. Similarly, the sexual dysfunctions due to cimetidine administration are unlikely to arise from the interactions of drug with zinc in blood plasma. The possible involvement of copper and zinc in cimetidine gastrointestinal absorption is also discussed. | |
| 7082402 | Gonococcal arthritis-dermatitis syndrome. Study of serum and synovial fluid immune complex | 1982 May | Immune complexes from serum and synovial fluid were detected by the C1q binding assay in 12 patients with disseminated gonococcal infection. Since immune complexes were regularly higher in synovial fluids than in paired sera and were not detected by the monoclonal rheumatoid factor radioimmunoassay, we suggest that IgM may be present in these complexes and that this represents a primary immune response. In contrast, only 2 of 10 patients with local gonococcal infection were slightly positive both with the C1q assay and the monoclonal rheumatoid factor assay. In patients with disseminated gonococcal infection, immune complexes closely paralleled the disease activity and negatively correlated with complement levels. Synovial fluid immune complexes seem to occur in the early and aseptic phase of polyarthritis and to aid the entrance of circulating gonococcal organisms. From the results of our study, it seems that immunologic processes initiate and/or sustain inflammation in disseminated gonococcal infections that appear, at least in part, as a form of reactive arthritis. | |
| 78294 | Leucocyte adherence inhibition test in arthritis. | 1978 Jul 8 | Peripheral leucocytes from healthy blood-donors were preincubated in polyarthritic serum or normal serum and their adherence to glass tubes in the presence of synovial extract of control extract was measured. Serum from patients with inflammatory polyarthritis significantly reduced the proportion of leucocytes which adhered in the presence of synovial extract, but not control extract. Serum from patients with polyarthritis with visceral manifestations, patients with degenerative or metabolic polyarthritis or rheumatic fever, and controls did not have this effect. The leucocyte sensitising activity was eluted in the IgG fraction of serum, and could be absorbed by both synovial extract and IgG. It is thus probably IgG rheumatoid factor. In vivo, armed leucocytes in polyarthritic patients may bind to synovial tissue initiating or perpetuating the articular inflammatory process. |