Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7157806 | [Combination therapy with indomethacin and sulindac in chronic polyarthritis]. | 1982 Sep 15 | A study of 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis was undertaken, in which the patients were treated with the non-steroidal combination of Sulindac in the morning and Indometacin in the evening. The clinical efficacy of this combination was good to excellent in 19 patients (95%) during the 4 week treatment period. One patient discontinued treatment for reason of intolerance of Indometacin-suppositories. 3 more patients showed only minor side effects. Blood chemistry, performed before and after the study, did not show any significant changes, except for the blood uric acid, which was significantly reduced after 4 weeks. This is remarkable, because after monotherapy with Indometacin or Sulindac respectively an uricosuric effect of these substances is not reported. | |
| 6470682 | A sequential study of virus expression in retrovirus-induced arthritis of goats. | 1984 Sep | Persistent infection by the retrovirus caprine arthritis--encephalitis virus (CAEV) induces arthritis in goats which closely resembles rheumatoid arthritis. To examine the relationship between virus expression and development of clinical disease, ten goat kids were inoculated with CAEV and examined at successive intervals through 18 months post-infection. Virus was monitored in cell-free synovial fluid cells, serum and peripheral blood cells by titration, co-cultivation and immunofluorescent techniques. Virus was readily recovered from the synovial cavity of all animals during the first 4 weeks of infection, followed by a reduction and fluctuation in virus titres and ability to detect virus. Recovery of CAEV from peripheral blood cells occurred at low frequency while viraemia was rare. Results obtained over a period of 18 months indicate a positive association between virus expression in the synovial cavity and development of clinically detectable disease. | |
| 7112058 | [Chondrocalcinosis]. | 1982 Jun 19 | Chondrocalcinosis is an arthropathy caused by deposits of calcium pyrophosphate-dihydrate microcrystals (CPPD) in the joints and occasionally in the tendons and ligaments. In our region it is almost always seen in its sporadic form in elderly subjects. The patients can be without symptoms or present four different clinical entities: an acute arthritis which can resemble and even be mistaken for an attack of gout or a septic arthritis; an inflammatory polyarthritis suggesting a rheumatoid arthritis; most frequently it appears as a benign polyarthrosis; sometimes it runs a destructive course capable of seriously damaging one or several joints. In certain cases chondrocalcinosis is associated with another metabolic disease. Familial forms have been described in some countries. Factors which induce the formation of the deposits of CPPD in the articular cartilages, fibrocartilages, the synovium and occasionally in the tendons and ligaments remain obscure. In contrast to urate gout, chondrocalcinosis appears to be due to a disturbance of pyrophosphate metabolism localized almost exclusively in the articular region. Its association with polyarthrosis rather frequently leads to destructive arthropathies. No etiological treatment for chondrocalcinosis exists at the present time. Therapy is limited to the administration of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and physiotherapy. | |
| 1006230 | [Local treatment of chronic arthritis with radionuclides]. | 1976 Aug 7 | Radiosynoviorthesis plays an important role in local treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Depending on the size of the joint, radionuclides are used at different depths of penetration. Data from the literature and our own results with 396 treated joints indicate that in 2/3 of cases good therapeutic effects are achieved, e.g. the effect on the local inflammatory process is comparable with surgical synovectomy. This is in agreement with the results of our longterm follow-up of 141 joints after radiosynoviorthesis. As with surgical synovectomy, early synoviorthesis was most successful; however, longterm observations revealed a slight increase in local recurrences. These and primary non-responder cases show a good response to secondary injection of radionuclides. The effect of intraarticular injection of isotopes is possibly due to irradiative action on the inflamed cells, with subsequent fibrosis of the synovium. Side effects of radiosynoviorthesis are rare and generally avoidable. Since late complications cannot be excluded, careful consideration should be given to the indication for radiosynoviorthesis. Radiosynoviorthesis represents an alternative treatment to surgical synovectomy in patients over 40 years of age. | |
| 7047371 | Origin of synovial type A cells during inflammation. An experimental approach. | 1982 Apr | Antigen-induced hypersensitivity arthritis in guinea pigs leads to histopathological changes in the synovial membrane similar to those seen in rheumatoid arthritis. Until recently, the characteristic lining-cell hyperplasia was believed to be mainly due to proliferation of synoviocytes. The validity of this hitherto predominating concept might be refused by our experimental cell-kinetic data, which demonstrate a pronounced participation of cells of the bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocyte system in inner multilayer formation of the inflamed synovium. This view of the response of the synovium as a bone marrow-dependent reaction is strongly supported by whole-body irradiation experiments, which indicated that hyperplasia of the lining cell of the synovium is absent in animals with an induced cell depletion of the bone marrow. | |
| 6771071 | Kinetic measurement of the interaction of rheumatoid factor with IgG-coated latex particle | 1980 Jan | Interaction between isolated rheumatoid factor (RF) of the IgM class or sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and IgG-coated latex particles has been studied kinetically by means of standard aggregometer equipment. The agglutination of particles mediated by isolated RF or RA-sera is inhibited by fresh normal human serum (NHS). The RF-inhibiting principle is heat-labile and recovered in the high molecular weight fractions of NHS separated on a G-200 column. Partially purified first component of complement, C1, also inhibits RF-mediated particle agglutination and disintegrates preformed RF-IgG-latex particle agglutinates. Addition of C1 to heated (56 degrees C, 30 min) NHS restores its RF-inhibiting activity. The most probable basis of this serum activity is competition between C1 with higher affinity for IgG bound to particles and RF. After about 5 min of incubation of NHS with IgG-latex particles the RF-inhibiting activity is gradually lost and interpreted to mean that C1 during the activation of the complement system is discharged from IgG bound to particles. The RF-inhibiting activity of NHS gradually decreases by incubation of serum with increasing doses of activators of the classical complement pathway probably due to the inability of activated C1 to hinder RF-interaction with IgG-particles. The presence in certain RA-sera of C1 in mainly activated form explains why such sera, even if they are fresh are able to agglutinate IgG-particles. | |
| 390048 | Nephelometric detection of circulating immune complexes using monoclonal rheumatoid factor | 1979 | A nephelometric technique for the estimation of immune complexes (IC) in serum was developed using purified monoclonal rheumatoid factor from a human patient (mRhF) specific for complexed IgG. Standardisation of the assay was carried out with heat aggregated normal human IgG as a model complex and with IC composed in vitro from ovalbumin and rabbit antisera to ovalbumin. The nephelometric method was compared with [125I]Clq radioimmunoassay (C1q RIA). The lower limits of detection by the two methods were similar for both aggregated IgG and performed ovalbumin/rabbit anti-ovalbumin IC. However, recognition of IC by the two methods differed with different ratios of antigen and antibody. When IC were formed at 10 times antigen excess the nephelometric technique was more sensitive than when IC were formed at equivalence or 10 times antibody excess. The Cuq RIA method was most sensitive in detection of IC in antibody excess but failed to detect IC in antigen excess. Complexes formed in antigen excess also showed potentiated light scattering when 1.5% polyethylene glycol was used in the nephelometric system. The incidence of IC detected by the mRhF in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus was lower than with C1q RIA suggesting that the IC in these patients contain antibodies not detected by the mRhF used. IC in the sera of patients with melanoma were detected more frequently by the mRhF assay which may indicate the IC in these sera were in antigen excess. Detection of IC by mRhF nephelometry was rapid, technically simple and yielded results which complemented those of the established C1q RIA method. This assay system is a useful addition to methods currently available for detection of IC and the similar use of rheumatoid factors against different classes of antibody should extend its usefulness. | |
| 6318359 | [Joint prognosis in systemic chronic juvenile arthritis (100 cases)]. | 1983 Dec 22 | A retrospective study of 100 cases of systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, including 51 girls and 49 boys, is reported. Follow-up was at least three years in 83 cases, 7 years in 72 of them and 12 years in 20 of them. Patients were included in the study if they experienced high grade intermittent fever for at least two weeks at any time during the course of their disease: thus, patients with delayed fever were eligible whatever the time-interval between onset of the disease and occurrence of fever. The purpose of the study was, indeed, to determine the articular prognosis of the disease according to the overall course rather than to features at onset. Overall results show that clinical involvement of joints occur in the following order: knee 98%, ankle 81%, wrist 77%, cervical spine 70%, elbow 66%, hand 56%, hip 45%, shoulder 29%, foot 10%. In addition, radiologic changes in the temporomandibulary joint are fairly common: 46%. Estimation of these incidences was done 7 years at least after onset. An analytical study was carried out for four joints. At the wrist, very significant findings are regression of inflammatory arthritis (77% before 3 years, 67% after 7 years), progression of bone destruction (19% before 3 years, 67% after 7 years) and stability of permanent stiffness (56% before 3 years, 60% after 7 years) due initially to joint inflammation and subsequently to osseous and fibrous ankylosis. The hip is involved in more than 60% of cases with replacement arthroplasty being considered because of the severity of radiologic destruction in 8% of cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 263899 | The ocular manifestations of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1977 Mar | We followed 210 cases of JRA closely for 14 years. Thirty-six patients (17.2%) developed iridocyclitis; it most frequently occurred in young females (0-4 years) with monarticular or pauciarticular form of the disease. In 30% of the patients iridocyclitis was first detected after 16 years of age. Forty-two percent had active iridocyclitis on entry. By combining quantitative antinuclear antibody titers with age, sex, and time on onset of arthritis, it has been possible to define the risk of developing iridocyclitis in individual patients. Our approach was effective in detecting iridocyclitis in new cases and exacerbations of the disease in established cases. Forty-four percent of patients with iridocyclitis had one or more identifiable early signs or symptoms. Iridocyclitis in 36% of patients did not respond to more than 6 months of intensive topical treatment with corticosteroids and mydriatics. Despite this statistic, patients had a better outcome than those experiencing the 50% incidence of blinding complications cited in earlier studies. Cataract and band keratopathy occurred in only 19% and 11% of our group, respectively. Only one case of chorioretinopathy was found in 173 patients who had received antimalarials; a significant number of posterior subcapsular cataracts were found in 75 patients who had received systemic corticosteroids. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca developed in 3 patients with iridocyclitis. Surgical treatment of cataracts, band keratopathy, and glaucoma achieved uniformly discouraging results. | |
| 300826 | The histocompatibility complex and rheumatic diseases. | 1977 Mar | Histocompatibility typing has assumed an increasingly important role as a clinical and research tool in rheumatic diseases. The HLA antigens which are serologically defined (A and B series) are being used most extensively for clinical work, but the role of other immunologic determinants in the HLA complex is being evaluated. These include D-locus (MLC) determinants, several complement components, and immune response genes which have been well characterized in the mouse, but not in man. The products of the major histocompatibility complex are inherited in a simple Mendelian fashion as a series of co-dominant alleles. Large population studies have characterized the frequencies of various alleles, and family studies have allowed tentative mapping of the various loci within the complex on the sixth chromosome in man. A number of diseases which are considered to be autoimmune in nature are now known to be associated with specific HLA antigens. Of these disease associations, the strongest and best studied are the seronegative spondyloarthropathies which are highly associated with the B27 antigen. Included in this group are ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, psoriatic arthropathy, colitic arthropathy, Yersinia arthritis and a small group of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patients with features of ankylosing spondylitis. The clinical application of tissue typing or B27 testing is most helpful in regard to difficult diagnostic problems in patients with early or atypical seronegative spondyloarthropathy. Its value as an indicator of prognosis, and its value in counselling family members is not well established. There are many interesting hypotheses regarding pathogenetic mechanisms of these rheumatic diseases based on susceptibility factors related to the major histocompatibility complex. An abnormal immune response gene within the complex is probably a key feature of the mechanism, but the exact details are little more than speculative at this point. | |
| 429566 | Circulating immune complexes in Lyme arthritis. Detection by the 125I-C1q binding, C1q sol | 1979 Mar | We have found immunoglobulin (Ig) G-containing material consistent with immune complexes in the sera of patients with Lyme arthritis. It was detected in 29 of 55 sera (55%) from 31 patients by at least one of three assays: (125)I-C1q binding, C1q solid phase, or Raji cell. The presence of reactive material correlated with clinical aspects of disease activity; it was found early in the illness, was most prominent in sera from the sickest patients, was infrequent during remissions, and often fluctuated in parallel with changes in clinical status. The results in the two C1q assays showed a strong positive correlation (P<0.001). They were each elevated in 45% of the sera and were usually concordant (85%). In contrast, the Raji cell assay was less frequently positive and often discordant with the C1q assays. In sucrose density gradients, putative circulating immune complexes sedimented near 19S; they, too, were detected best by the two assays based on C1q binding. An additional 7S component was found in some sera by the (125)I-C1q binding assay. Serum complement was often above the range of normal in patients with mild disease and normal in patients with severe disease but did not correlate significantly with levels of circulating immune complexes. IgM and IgG rheumatoid factors were not detectable. These findings support a role for immune complexes in the pathogenesis of Lyme arthritis. Their measurement, by either the (125)I-C1q binding assay or by the C1q solid phase assay, often provides a sensitive index of disease activity. Moreover, the complexes are likely sources of disease-related antigens for further study of this new disorder. | |
| 376732 | IgM rheumatoid factors in mice injected with bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | 1979 May | Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced the formation of IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) in several strains of mice including athymic C57BL/6 nude mice, but not in the LPS-resistant C3H/HeJ mice. The RF induced by LPS reacted not only with murine IgG but also with IgG from cows, goats, guinea pigs, and humans. The kinetics of this RF response to injection of LPS were similar to those of antibody response against DNA and a hapten, dinitrophenyl (DNP), and to those of total IgM production. In addition, the RF activity of individual serum samples correlated significantly with levels of anti-DNA and anti-DNP antibodies and of IgM. Therefore, it is concluded that the induction of RF results from polyclonal antibody synthesis by B cells stimulated with LPS. This observation suggests that LPS or LPS-like substances may help to generate RF in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or with some infectious diseases. | |
| 6610217 | Autoantibodies in juvenile arthritis. | 1984 May | Sera from 104 children with JA with different onset-types of disease were evaluated for 19S IgM RF by the LFT , hidden 19S IgM RF by the hemolytic assay, ANA by HEp-2 cell substrate, and levels of IC by the C1qSPA . Their relationship to active disease was determined. Classical 19S IgM RF were detected by the LFT in only seven patients. All were late-onset polyarticular females. Hidden 19S IgM RF were detected by the hemolytic assay in the separated IgM-containing fraction in 55 patients of all onset-types. Clinical activity correlated with the presence of hidden 19S IgM RF in 82% of cases. ANA, using the HEp-2 cell substrate, were found in 61 patients, the majority showing a speckled, immunofluorescent pattern. ANA were noted in all RF positive patients and in nine of 10 patients with iridocyclitis. IC were found in 39 patients, and correlation with clinical activity occurred in 54% of cases. A search for positive associations among the four parameters showed no statistically significant correlations except for the concordance of ANA positivity in all seven RF positive patients. The presence of hidden RF correlated more closely with disease activity (P less than 0.001) than did that of ANA or IC. The significance of these data and previous studies remains to be determined. We have demonstrated that in the average JA population 7% have 19S IgM RF and about 60% have hidden RF, ANA, or elevated levels of IC. The present findings of 98 of 104 patients with at least one of the abnormal immunoproteins , the association of ANA in patients with iridocyclitis or with RF positivity, of hidden RF with disease activity, and the presence of 19S IgM RF in isolated IC suggest a possible immunologic etiology for JA. | |
| 4085167 | Temporal arteritis in Sjögren's syndrome. | 1985 Oct | We report the first case of co-existing temporal arteritis and Sjögren's syndrome in the English language literature. Characteristic clinical and laboratory findings of both disorders were present. The combination of these two illnesses could be on the basis of chance alone or there may be a common etiology. Temporal arteritis could therefore be an addition to the spectrum of vasculitis diseases seen in Sjögren's syndrome. | |
| 6677981 | [Polymyositis associated with Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome]. | 1983 | A 42-year-old woman with a sicca syndrome associating xerostomia and xerophthalmia developed proximal motor weakness in all four limbs due to a polymyositis. Regression of the motor deficiency followed the administration of corticoid therapy. Polymyositis occurring during the course of Gougerot-Sjögren disease should be treated as a separate entity requiring specific therapy. | |
| 7066035 | Free versus bound salicylate concentration in adults and children with chronic inflammator | 1982 Jan | Salicylate (SA) binding to albumin in purified human serum albumin (HSA) solutions was found to be predictably dependent on the concentrations of albumin and total SA. The influence of the presence of other ligands on SA binding in HSA solutions was measured and, in the case of bound fatty acids, free fractions of SA were increased by up to 100%. In sharp contrast, the free fraction of SA present in sera from patients with arthritis who were on long-term aspirin (ASA) therapy was roughly twice that found in HSA solutions. A correlation between serum concentrations of free SA and albumin was evident in sera from one group of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (r = -0.75) but was not seen in sera from the other patients. This would indicate that in vivo, the albumin level is not the sole, or, in some patients, even the dominant determinant of the free fraction of SA. Additional factors such as fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands, both endogenous and exogenous, should be studied further, especially in adults. | |
| 6820351 | Studies of D-penicillamine (3): immunomodulating effects of D-penicillamine. | 1981 Mar | D-penicillamine (D-PA) has beneficial therapeutic effects for patients with rheumatoid arthritis but no convincing explanation has been offered for the mode of action. Experiments reported here were designed to gain an insight into the related mechanisms. Wistar rats were inoculated with various doses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to induce adjuvant arthritis, and on the 21st day, the lesions of paws and ears were graded according to the extent of the erythema and swelling. Rats given D-PA simultaneously with the inoculation of M. tuberculosis developed a more severe arthritis than that seen in the control group, when they were inoculated with low doses of M. tuberculosis. To investigate the effect of D-PA on hemolytic plaque forming cells (PFC) in the spleen, BDF1 mice were immunized with various doses of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and D-PA was injected in various doses and at various times. D-PA produced either enhancement or depression of the number of PFC, depending on the dose of antigenic stimulus of SRBC. Furthermore, D-PA slightly enhanced the concanavalin A-induced blastogenesis of the spleen cells in vitro, at a concentration of 1-50 microM, but at concentrations of 500 microM, inhibition was evident. These results indicate that D-PA may act as an immunomodulating agent. | |
| 109097 | Lyme arthritis: correlation of serum and cryoglobulin IgM with activity, and serum IgG wit | 1979 May | Forty-eight patients with erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) were studied prospectively for 6 to 18 months. Twenty-six patients had no later symptoms, but 22 subsequently developed Lyme arthritis and 9 of them also experienced neurologic abnormalities. Eighty-seven percent of patients with active ECM followed by subsequent involvement had cryoglobulins containing IgM compared to only 13% of those with active ECM and no later symptoms. The former group also had significantly lower IgG, C3 and C4 levels. Sixty-seven percent of patients still had serum cryoglobulins when neurologic disease was most active, and 45% had them when joint symptoms were most severe, but only 11% continued to have small amounts in remission. The number of patients who continued to have serum cryoglobulins with recurrent attacks of arthritis decreased with time. In contrast, patients always had cryoglobulins in joint fluid, a finding Lyme arthritis shares with rheumatoid arthritis. The cryoprecipitates from 2 of 10 patients contained particles with internal structure, but their viral nature is problematic. All components of antisera obtained from goats and rabbits immunized with cryoglobulins were absorbed by normal human sera. The amount of IgM in cryoglobulins correlated directly with serum IgM, which generally rose during exacerbations and fell during remissions; serum IgG and IgA moved conversely. Thus, IgM was an important correlate of clinical disease activity and IgG or remission. | |
| 512490 | Sjögren's syndrome involving the larynx: report of a case. | 1979 Sep | Sjögren's syndrome is a presumably autoimmune disease with pathologic findings of lymphocytic infiltration of the involved structures. Although the salivary and lacrimal glands are the most commonly involved sites, extraglandular lymphoproliferation also occurs. Upper and lower respiratory tract lymphoproliferation is known, but only one case of Sjögren's disease of the larynx has been previously reported. We present a case of laryngeal involvement in which the gross pathologic appearance is different from that in the earlier case report. The otolaryngologist should consider Sjögren's disease in the differential diagnosis of diffuse laryngeal lesions. | |
| 6840803 | Exacerbation of antigen-induced arthritis after challenge with intravenous antigen. | 1983 May | The occurrence and morphology of flare-up of arthritis after intravenous (i.v.) antigen administration was investigated in mice with on-going antigen-induced arthritis (AIA). Intravenous injection of 300 micrograms methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) in mice with unilateral arthritis induced by mBSA, elicited 6 weeks previously, caused clear flare-up of the smouldering joint inflammation without affecting the contralateral non-arthritic knee joint. Histological signs of the flare-up reaction were already present at 6 hr after i.v. challenge and lasted for at least 4 days. Characteristic features are the presence of large numbers of granulocytes just beneath the synovial lining layer, inflammatory foci in adjacent periarticular tissues, and deposits of fibrin-like material in the joint space. Variations in the severity of the preceding arthritis and in the interval (4-12 weeks) between AIA induction and i.v. challenge had no major influence on the occurrence and degree of the flare-up phenomenon. Since exacerbations of joint inflammation are seen in rheumatoid arthritis, this phenomenon may be of importance in this disease. |