Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18806430 | Review of physiological effects of cryotherapy. | 1983 | The purpose of this work is to provide the physical therapist with the research documented conclusions that he would find if he were to review the literature on the physiological effects of cold therapy. The conclusions are that the results of the studies reviewed were consistent in describing reductions in musculoskeletal pain, spasm, connective tissue distensibility, intramuscular temperature, nerve conduction velocity, and spasticity (except the initial seconds of application). Other conclusions are that the results of the studies reviewed were inconsistent in describing the changes in swelling, blood flow, heart rate, blood pressure, intraarticular temperature, rheumatoid arthritis, monosynaptic reflex, and the muscle spindle.J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1983;5(2):66-73. | |
| 6128450 | Leukotriene B4, an inflammatory mediator in gout. | 1982 Nov 20 | Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a metabolite of arachidonic acid and a potent cytotaxin, is generated by human peripheral polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) exposed to monosodium urate crystals (MSU). The leukotriene is present in gouty effusions in concentrations significantly greater than those found in synovial fluid from patients with active rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis. Further metabolism and biological deactivation of LTB4 by PMNs are partly inhibited by MSU. It is concluded that LTB4 is an important chemical mediator in an acute gouty attack. | |
| 7114685 | Thyroid dysfunction and uveitis. | 1982 Jun | In 544 patients with uveitis, those with presumptive diagnoses of toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, toxocariasis, and "unknown" had significant hypothyroidism (defined as a thyroxine level below 5.3 microgram/dL). Those with diagnoses of histoplasmosis, syphilis, rheumatoid arthritis, Fuchs'heterochromic iridocyclitis, serpiginious choroiditis, or HLA B27 did not have such low levels. No diagnostic entities showed significant hyperthyroidism (defined as a thyroxine level of 12.0 microgram/dL or more). All results were based on thyroxine levels; further studies should employ more modern techniques. | |
| 6939870 | Experience with penicillamine in the treatment of cystinuria. | 1981 Jan | Some patients with cystinuria can be treated with a high fluid intake, but some continue to form stones and require penicillamine treatment. The incidence of complications particularly proteinuria is reviewed. Reduction of penicillamine dosage is desirable to prevent complications, but this is accompanied by an increase of cystine excretion. The effective dosage has therefore to be higher than that used in rheumatoid arthritis. We have now measured penicillamine concentrations in these patients by gas chromatography. The protein bound fraction is greater than 80% of the total, and may represent a reservoir of drug for therapeutic action. | |
| 418652 | Migrating bone shards in dissecting Charcot joints. | 1978 Jun | Extensive periarticular calcification is characteristic of Charcot joints. Fragmentation of the articular margins of bone contributes to the bony detritus, but the majority forms de novo in the joint capsule. Occasionally the calcific debris is seen far removed from the joint. Dissection of a chronically distended joint along muscle planes is most commonly associated with the inflammatory joint disease of rheumatoid arthritis. Its occurrence in Charcot joints is documented by arthrography, which demonstrates continuity of the joint space and the distant calcifications. | |
| 928708 | Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis. | 1977 Dec | The clinical histories and radiographs of 28 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were reviewed. Symptoms developed before the age of 17 in all cases. Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis affected youths in their early teens, who presented most commonly with appendicular joint complaints rather than low back pain. The disease was progressive, with the characteristic changes of ankylosing spondylitis eventually occurring in the spine and sacroiliac joints, frequently accompanied by widespread and severe changes in the appendolar joints. HLA B 27 antigen was present in 8 of the 9 patients tested. Thorough clinical, radiographic, and laboratory examination should prevent confusion with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 21304877 | Diagnosis and management of ankylosing spondylitis. | 1977 Apr | The idea that ankylosing spondylitis is a separate entity from rheumatoid arthritis has recently been strengthened by the discovery that the majority of individuals suffering from ankylosing spondylitis exhibit the histocompatibility antigen HLA B27. Inflammation of the sacroiliacs must be present for a diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis to be made. Radiological interpretation of sacroiliac films may be difficult. In patients with normal or equivocal X-rays of the sacroiliacs, radioisotope scanning of the sacroiliac joint may confirm diagnosis. Although the articular features of ankylosing spondylitis are well known, a variety of systemic complications may be attributed to some other cause. The principles of management require a precise diagnosis, control of pain and maintenance of a good functional state by means of physiotherapy. The majority of patients with ankylosing spondylitis respond well to therapy. | |
| 1229742 | [Transport time for salicylates from blood to joint fluid-- a test of histopathology of th | 1975 May | Samples of blood and joint fluid, from sixty patients who had taken Bufferin, were examined for salicylates. The earliest appreance of salicylates occurred in blood between 3 and 13 minutes after intake, and in joint fluid between 11 and 36 minutes. The individual time lapse from the first appearance of salicylates in blood to that in joint fluid, designated the transport time, varied presumably with the changes of the synovial membrane caused by diseases; it was small in synovitis following trauma or focal infection and in osteoarthritis of short duration; it was greater in osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis of longer duration, and it showed great variations in immediate traumatic synovitis. Salicylates attained maximum concentration in joint fluid 100 to 155 minutes after intake. Similar factors as above probably accounted for the differences in these time intervals. | |
| 7233900 | Clinical manifestations of synovial cysts. | 1980 Aug | Although synovial cysts are most commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, they may occur in many other conditions. The clinical manifestations of these cysts are numerous and may result from pressure, dissection or acute rupture. Vascular phenomena occur when popliteal cysts compress vessels, and result in venous stasis with subsequent lower extremity edema or thrombophlebitis. Rarely, popliteal cysts may cause arterial compromise with intermittent claudication. Neurological sequelae include pain, paresthesia, sensory loss, and muscle weakness or atrophy. When synovial cysts occur as mass lesions they may mimic popliteal aneurysms or hematomas, adenopathy, tumors or even inguinal hernias. Cutaneous joint fistulas, septic arthritis or osteomyelitis, and spinal cord and bladder compression are examples of other infrequent complications. Awareness of the heterogeneous manifestations of synovial cysts may enable clinicians to avoid unnecessary diagnostic studies and delay in appropriate management. Arthrography remains the definitive diagnostic procedure of choice, although ultrasound testing may be useful. | |
| 82340 | Levamisole-induced hypersensitivity. | 1978 | A 73-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis was treated with Levamisole, 150 mg per day, on 2 days a week. Her arthritis improved, but she developed a severely itching rash, and the treatment was stopped after 6 months. Penicillamine was subsequently given and tolerated without skin complications. 15 months after regular Levamisole was stopped, she was given a single dose of 150 mg which provoked fever of 40 degrees C and rash. Thirteen punch-biopsy specimens were examined by direct immunofluorescence microscopy. During the Levamisole treatment, granular deposits of IgG and C3 were found at the dermal--epidermal junction. Subsequently, the deposits disappeared, but reappeared after Levamisole challenge. The patient's leukocytes were exposed in vitro to Levamisole, and 36% of the total histamine content in the basophils was released. Our results provide further evidence that Levamisole can cause type-I as well as type-III hypersensitivity. | |
| 6939872 | Penicillamine in chronic arthritis of childhood. | 1981 Jan | In doses of 15 to 30 mg/kg of bodyweight, penicillamine is of benefit in up to 69% of both seropositive and seronegative juvenile polyarthritis patients when used as the 1st long-acting drug; it also helps 53% of such patients when other therapies have failed. Its use should be continued for several yr for maximum effect. Once a patient is in remission, the drug should be withdrawn slowly to avoid exacerbations. Radiologic improvement lags behind clinical. The most troublesome side effect is proteinuria. Rash is uncommon, and hematologic problems are relatively few; both usually respond to dosage alterations. | |
| 7327699 | Rheumatoid factor and monosodium urate crystal-neutrophil interactions in gouty inflammati | 1981 Dec | A monolayer system was designed to study the interactions between human neutrophils and monosodium urate crystals important in gouty inflammation. The effects of rheumatoid factor on gouty inflammation were then examined in this system and in patients with acute gouty arthritis. Monosodium urate crystal phagocytosis was apparent at 30 min, and this phagocytosis was accompanied by lysosomal enzyme release and decreased neutrophil adherence to plastic petri dishes. Rheumatoid factor did not affect phagocytosis, adherence, or lactic dehydrogenase release and appeared to variably enhance lysosomal enzyme release. Two of 19 acute gouty patients were found to have low titers of rheumatoid factor and, of these, one exhibited mild disease and the other tophaceous destructive disease. | |
| 358993 | Relative reactivities of rheumatoid factors in serum and cells. Evidence for a selective d | 1978 Sep | Investigations of rheumatoid factors by a hemolytic plaque forming cell assay of blood lymphocytes with sensitized sheep cells have suggested that the rheumatoid factors released from the cells have higher affinities for human IgG than do the rheumatoid factors measured in the patient's serum. This study reaffirms this observation and provides evidence that the reported differences are not artifacts of technique. The findings imply that rheumatoid factors of higher affinity for IgG than those of the serum are being released into the tissue fluids by lymphocytes and locally precipitated. Such rheumatoid factors may never reach the peripheral blood serum in detectable quantity or may do so only infrequently. | |
| 6360287 | Chlamydia and Reiter's syndrome. | 1983 Nov | The role of Chlamydia trachomatis in Reiter's syndrome (RS) is reviewed. Chlamydia is an obligate, intracellular parasite which can be isolated from urethral smears in 36% of patients with RS. Two separate surveys carried out on RS patients in France, in 1977-78 and in 1982-83 showed that antibodies to C. trachomatis could be detected by a microimmunofluorescence test in 55% and 64% of subjects, respectively, and this is significantly higher than the levels found in rheumatoid or healthy controls. Further studies are indicated to evaluate the role of Chlamydia in RS. | |
| 6983883 | [Significance of vessel-free (so-called bradytrophic) tissue in the microbial colonization | 1982 | The spontaneous rheumatoid disease in animals is a representative example of all the stages of rheumatism which occur in nature. It is caused exclusively by bacterial, mycoplasmal, or viral infection. The organs involved in rheumatic reactions are characterized by borders between tissue incapable of inflammation, without vessels and nourished by passive perfusion, and highly reactive, well vascularized connective tissue. By this combination microorganisms are deposited on the one hand, and then later the appearance of immune complexes is possible. These settlements are sustained by the initially occurring coagulation and permeability processes of the infection in the "vascular syndrome". After the inundation of the noxa, the bradytrophic tissue proves to be an inflammatory niche and thus an ideal antigen reservoir which can sustain the rheumatic process, in particular the humoral and the cellular immune mechanism, for the rest of the organism life. The inflammatory and immune mechanisms, probably continually induced by the persisting antigens, may not be left unconsidered during symptomatic treatment throughout the course of rheumatic diseases. | |
| 6335388 | Lymphoid abnormalities in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. I. Mitogen responsiveness | 1984 Dec | Lewis rats injected in the hind paw with Mycobacterium butyricum develop a severe polyarthritis which shares certain features in common with rheumatoid arthritis in man. Spleen and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from rats with this form of arthritic disease proliferate poorly in vitro in response to concanavalin A (con A), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). The splenic hyporesponsiveness appears within four days of M. butyricum injection (three to five days prior to the development of detectable arthritis), reaches a peak 16-22 days following injection, and persists for at least 40 days. Buffalo strain rats injected with M. butyricum do not develop arthritis, and their spleen cells respond normally to con A, PHA, and PWM. In response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) the synthesis of interleukin 1 (IL-1) by spleen or peritoneal macrophages from arthritic Lewis rats equalled or exceeded that of macrophages from normal rats. In contrast splenic T cells from arthritic rats produced reduced amounts of interleukin 2 (IL-2; T cell growth factor) in response to stimulation with PHA or con A. Moreover, con-A-activated spleen cells from arthritic rats failed to bind IL-2 and to respond to this growth factor with increased 3H-TdR uptake as did normal spleen cells. In-vitro treatment of 'arthritic' cells with 10(-5) M indomethacin did not restore to normal their reduced mitogen responsiveness, and spleen cells from normal and arthritic rats were equally sensitive to the inhibitory effects of prostaglandin E2 on con-A-induced proliferative responses. These results indicate that peripheral lymphoid function is compromised in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis and that this functional deficit is mediated by aberrant synthesis of and response to IL-2 by T cells of arthritic animals. | |
| 6965625 | Evaluation of arthritis and arthralgia in the pediatric patient. | 1980 Mar | The records of 250 consecutive children presenting to a university pediatric service with joint complaints of unknown cause were reviewed to determine the frequency of diagnoses and the utility of laboratory data and physical examination findings. Eighteen per cent of children had orthopedic disorders (Group I), 17.6 per cent had autoimmune disorders (Group II), 19.6 per cent had joint complaints related to a bacterial infection (Group III), and 44 per cent had miscellaneous problems (Group IV). Autoimmune or infectious disd/or erythrocyte sedimentation rate was greater than or equal to 30 mm/h was present than if absent (65% vs. 8% respectively); the sensitivity of fever and/or elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 93 per cent for Group II and III patients. The presence of rash was predictive of an autoimmune disorder in 67 per cent of the instances; a positive joint examination was seen disproportionately in Group I patients. A negative joint examination all but ruled out an infectious etiology. Other test results, such as diagnostic radiograms, WBC greater than or equal to 15,000 per cu mm; or a positive ANA or rheumatoid factor were predictive but not sensitive indicators of selected groups. If the tiology of a child's joint complaints is unknown, the likelihood of an orthopedic, autoimmune or infectious disorder may be suggested by reviewing temperature and ESR data and skin and joint findings. | |
| 28223572 | Psoriatic Arthritis with Review of Literature. | 1979 Nov | Six cases of p-,oriatic arthritis are presented with clinical, laboratory and radiological features and review of literature. Four out of six cases are 'distal arthrits' and two cases are arthritis mufilans of long duration. All our cases are males and hence no case of rheumatoid variety, which is common in females, is being reported. The aim of this paper is to represent all the parameters for this study of psoriatic arthritis namely clinical, laboratory and radiological features, which are not well documented in Indian literature. | |
| 146496 | Pathogenesis of chronic inflammation in experimental ferritin-induced arthritis. IV. Immun | 1978 Jan | The earliest and most severe changes in articular collagenous tissues (ACT) occur within 24 hours of antigen challenge and are associated with and are possibly secondary to maximal immune complex deposition in ACT surfaces. The immuno-electron microscopic (immuno-em) staining characterizes the ferritin as aggregates with antibody and suggests its occurrence and deposition as a preformed immune complex. These data indicate a direct interaction between immune complexes and collagenous matrix which could relate to both antigen persistence and chronicity of the immune response. The changes described in this model have features in common with rheumatoid disease and suggest the potential for similar mechanisms of cartilage degradation. | |
| 281717 | Self-nonself concept for cancer and diseases previously known as "autoimmune" diseases (il | 1978 Nov | The illegitimate glycosphingolipid antigens of the P blood group system and of the Forssman (Fs) tissue antigen in adenocarcinoma which are foreign to the host suggest the self-nonself concept which applies also to numerous other diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, gluomerulonephritis, and idiopathic acute hemolytic anemia. In the presence of the glycosphingolipid antigens such as ABO, P, and Fs, the normal serum of the homozygote recessive precursor contains antibodies for the missing antigen(s). The expected antibody to the Fs antigen was present in about 75% of normal men and women. In cancer sera, the incidence of anti-Fs was decreased to about 35-40%. On testing the normal population anti-Fs was present in 90% of the sera in the youngest group, and this value gradually diminished in the older groups; the incidence of the antibody in the 70-year age group was to about 60%. The rate of loss of anti-Fs with increasing years appears to parallel the gradual loss of anti-A and anti-B isoagglutinin titers. This phenomenon may be associated with the gradual diminution of protein synthesis with aging or the continuous accumulation of soluble immune complexes in the serum, or both. It is suggested that the self-nonself concept is also the basis for the pathogenesis of rhematoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, idiopathic acute hemolytic anemia, and numerous other conditions classified as "autoimmune" diseases. Some of these diseases are induced by viruses or drugs or both. When a virus or drug attaches itself to the membrane of a tissue cell, the self is converted to nonself which, in rheumatoid arthiritis, alters its self Ig to nonself Ig. |