Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1190851 | Aortic valve incompetence and replacement in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1975 Aug | Five cases of aortic incompetence and nodular seropositive rheumatoid arthritis are presented. Four cases underwent aortic valve replacement. Two of these had granulomatous involvement of the aortic cusps similar to subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules, and another showed a nonspecific fibrosis. One case had definite coincidental rheumatic aortic and mitral heart disease. Two patients had undergone pericardectomy previously for constrictive pericarditis. Good results were obtained in all four operated cases and cardiac surgery enabled continuation of rehabilitation for the rheumatoid arthritis, including major orthopaedic procedures. A review of 22 cases from the literature with rheumatoid granulomata within the aortic valve shows that they are associated with mitral valve granulomata in 63-6%. Congestive cardiac failure was found in 75%. Macroscopical evidence of aortic incompetence was seen in 36-8% and of aortic stenosis in 15-8%. Associated pericarditis occurred in 59-1%, which was severe or complicated in 13.6%. The associated arthritis was severe in 77-8% with subcutaneous nodules (71-5%), rheumatoid factor (83-6%), and episcleritis (66-6%). From these cases and a review of the literature the following points are emphasized. (1) Both the granulomatous and nonspecific aortic valvulitis of rheumatoid arthritis may result in significant haemodynamic abnormality. (2) The valve lesions found are often clinically and macroscopically indistinguishable from rheumatic valve lesions. (3) Granulomata, when present, are usually found in the valve cusp or ring and only occasionally in the aortic wall. (4) Associated joint disease, although usually severe, may be mild. (5) The valve lesion may be accompanied by a severe pericardial involvement--either tamponade or constriction. (6) Aortic valve replacement for aortic incompetence in rheumatoid arthritis is both feasible and worthwile, despite severe joint disease. | |
| 6681143 | Felty's syndrome presenting without arthritis. | 1983 Jul | A patient with splenomegaly, severe granulocytopenia and a strongly positive rheumatoid factor test initially had no clinical evidence of rheumatoid arthritis. Leukopenia responded to splenectomy and did not recur during one year of follow up. Symmetrical metacarpophalangeal joint swelling developed after nine months. This case emphasizes that arthritis may occasionally be a late and minor manifestation of Felty's syndrome. | |
| 6825340 | Rheumatologic aspects of painful conditions affecting the shoulder. | 1983 Mar | Patients with shoulder arthritis present to the orthopedic surgeon due to joint pain and loss of shoulder motion. A differential diagnosis is established, based on the history and physical examination and selected laboratory tests and roentgenograms. Synovial fluid analysis is often very helpful in the diagnosis of shoulder arthritis and critical for differential diagnosis of inflammatory, degenerative, and septic arthritis. Shoulder involvement in primary osteoarthritis is uncommon. The shoulder is rarely the initial joint involved in rheumatoid arthritis. Several uncommon conditions, e.g., amyloid arthropathy and reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome, may present early and frequently in the form of shoulder pain. The results of treatment are determined by etiology of shoulder joint disease. Patients with shoulder involvement in rheumatoid arthritis generally respond to the basic management for rheumatoid arthritis. Physical therapy to improve the range of motion of the shoulder and anti-inflammatory medications, including intra-articular corticosteroids, are helpful in most cases. | |
| 6684168 | Diurnal variations in rheumatoid synovial effusions. | 1983 Jun | Diurnal variation in symptoms is characteristic of inflammatory arthritides. We performed serial arthrocenteses on 6 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, chosen because the knee studied had suffered minimal destruction in spite of persistent effusion. Cytology, resting pressures, C3 and C4 were invariant. Glucose, pH, lactate, pO2 showed wide diurnal variation. The direction of change was consistent for the first 2 measures. Such metabolic shifts might underlie symptoms and contribute to the pathophysiology of joint destruction. | |
| 718283 | Joint amyloid presenting as 'polymyalgic' rheumatoid arthritis. | 1978 Oct | A patient presenting with 'polymyalgic' rheumatoid arthritis was shown to have synovial amyloid at an early stage of his illness. It is suggested that such patients merit early synovial biopsy and investigation. | |
| 1149782 | Turnover of a prostaglandin precursor, arachidonic acid, in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1975 Jun 12 | The plasma concentration and the turnover of free arachidonic and oleic acids were determined in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in control subjects. The plasma level of free arachidonic acid, but not of oleic acid, was significantly decreased in male rheumatoid patients. Female patients did not differ from healthy subjects in this respect. Following treatment with indomethacin, a significant increase in the plasma concentration of free arachidonic acid was observed in rheumatoid patients of both sexes. It is suggested that the findings in the rheumatoid patients reflect a partial exhaustion of the pool of arachidonic acid serving as precursor in the synthesis of prostaglandin. | |
| 3989856 | Defective expression of neutrophil membrane proteins in patients with rheumatoid arthritis | 1985 Feb | At least 14 iodinated proteins can be distinguished by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by autoradiography in the membrane of intact human neutrophils. Neutrophils from patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis show a modified expression of 4 outer membrane proteins. Three polypeptide components of the 30, 50 and 130 K were decreased by 95%, while the 120 K component dramatically increased. The possible relationship between the altered cell sensitivity and the defective expression of membrane proteins is discussed. | |
| 1261801 | Total arthroplasty of the wrist to relieve pain and increase motion. | 1976 Apr | Total joint arthroplasty of the wrist is a feasible and satisfactory solution to the problems of patients who have significant wrist pain or severe limitation of motion, or both. It is particularly useful in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or with post-traumatic or degenerative arthritis of the wrist. In geriatric patients, this procedure appears to be a satisfactory alternative to wrist joint arthrodesis. Proper placement of the device and proper surgical technique to simulate the normal balance and motion of the wrist are necessary. | |
| 3876435 | HLA haplotypes in a family with ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis. | 1985 Jun | HLA haplotypes (including A, B, C and DR loci) were studied in a family with members who had both rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Sacroiliitis was found in 7 family members, one of whom had AS and 2 others erosive, seropositive RA. They carried the B27-DR4 haplotype, suggesting a possible dual genetic association of the same haplotype in both RA and AS. Three other different HLA-B27 containing haplotype were found, 2 of which could be associated with sacroiliitis/AS. Within this family sacroiliitis and/or AS rather seemed associated with the B27 antigen itself than with the same haplotype. | |
| 7129265 | Management of the arthritic forefoot. | 1982 Jul | Rheumatoid diseases frequently involve the forefoot producing severe hallux valgus and dislocated metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints. One must stress the importance of continual evaluation of the foot in these patients. The relationship of midfoot and hindfoot deformities, especially pronation deformities, to the forefoot is essential. Nonoperative treatment can be highly effective and consists of skin and nail care and proper shoes which enclose and support early deformities. Operative care now spans the gamut from excising all or part of the MTP joints, to silicone implant arthroplasty of the MTP joints. | |
| 375847 | Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with levamisole: long-term results and immune changes. | 1979 Apr | We treated 29 rheumatoid arthritis patients with levamisole. on the basis of a 25% improvement in any 3 of 6 measurements 95% of the patients had a favourable response within 20 weeks. However, 64% of the patients discontinued levamisole by 40 to 60 weeks because of rash or secondary treatment failures. Delayed skin reactivity to streptokinase-streptodornase increased significantly in the entire treatment group, but there was in inverse correlation between skin test enhancement and clinical response. There was no overall change in lymphocytes response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) after 4 and 16 weeks of treatment, but seven patients with enhanced lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA experienced an earlier clinical response to levamisole. Treatment with levamisole frequently results in clinical improvement in rheumatoid arthritis, but this is not clearly related to a stimulatory effect on cell-mediated immunity. Its long-term usefulness may be limited by a high incidence of relapse and rash. | |
| 518148 | Yellow nail syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis: report of three cases. | 1979 Oct | We report the occurrence of the yellow nail syndrome in 3 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In 2 patients the development of the syndrome was related to severe chest infections, and there was evidence of immunodeficiency, consisting in 1 case of a persistently low serum IgA level and in the other of a generalised marrow suppression. The third patient gave a history of recurrent sinusitis and showed evidence of previous chest infections and pulmonary fibrosis, but has no gross evidence of immunodeficiency. We have found only 1 previous brief mention of a patient with the yellow nail syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6600668 | alpha 1-Antitrypsin and reactive systemic amyloidosis. | 1983 Apr | 1. Serum contains amyloid A-degrading activity. This activity is markedly reduced in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated by amyloidosis. alpha 1-Antitrypsin inhibits the degradative activity. To test the hypothesis that the activity of this enzyme is regulated by alpha 1-antitrypsin, we determined the concentrations, elastase-inhibitory activity and phenotypes of alpha 1-antitrypsin in 24 RA patients with and in 26 RA patients without amyloidosis. 2. alpha 1-Antitrypsin concentrations and biological activity were significantly increased in both patient groups compared with control subjects, but there was no difference between the two patient groups. 3. All patients who had developed amyloidosis were of the normal protease inhibitor (Pi) MM-phenotype. 4. We conclude that the difference in the amyloid A-degrading activity between RA patients with or without amyloidosis cannot be accounted for by differences in concentration, activity or Pi type of alpha 1-antitrypsin. | |
| 6744712 | Nonconstrained total elbow arthroplasty. | 1984 Jul | Twenty-eight nonconstrained capitellocondylar elbow offhroplasties were performed in 23 patients. The clinical criteria were intractable pain in a joint with radiologic destruction from rheumatoid arthritis. Patients were examined at an average of 35 months postsurgery with the Ewald scoring system. Results were satisfactory in 24 elbows (86%) and unsatisfactory in four (14%). Pain relief and functional improvement were dramatic. The average arc of motion increased from 88 degrees preoperation to 101 degrees postoperation. There was an average 33 degrees residual flexion contracture. There was one failure from loosening, but no radiographic or clinical loosening was detected in the remaining patients. Postoperative dislocation was the most frequent complication, occurring in four cases. One dislocation required revision while three stabilized following four weeks of immobilization. There were two remote infections occurring two and five years postoperation. Although complications are frequent, this is a predictably successful procedure in properly selected patients. | |
| 7088392 | [Serum gastrin in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1982 Jun 16 | Since 1973 some Authors reported a high prevalence of raise serum gastrin levels in rheumatoid arthritis. In our study of 37 subjects with classic or defined RA, 29 (78%) had serum gastrin levels significantly higher than controls (mean 156.3% pg/ml versus 58.8 pg/ml) and 8 (22%) had normal levels. Basal acid output (BAO) and maximal acid output (MAO) of all affected patients did not differ from controls. We found no correlation among gastrinaemia, BAO, MAO, inflammation indexes and RA test. According to the normal acid output of our RA patients, hypergastrinaemia should be caused by factors different from hypochlorhydria. It is possible that immunoreactive, but non biologically active, peptides could interfere with RIA of gastrin, or that other factors, such as prostaglandins or antigastrin antibodies, could modify the activity of endogenous hormone. | |
| 655834 | "Hand gym" for patients with arthritic hand disabilities: preliminary report. | 1978 May | To improve function and to delay the tendency toward deformities of the rheumatoid arthritic hand, a new device was evaluated which enables patients to perform range of motion and isometric exercises in their home. Eighteen patients (35 hands) exercised daily for four months. Strength and range of motion showed statistically significant gains. Grip strength increased in 28 hands, volar pinch in 22 hands, lateral pinch in 21 hands. Of 140 PIP joints, 77% increased in range, indicating loosening of intrinsic muscles. Improvement in hand function was reported by most of the patients. | |
| 6881184 | Hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1983 Aug | One hundred eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis received hydroxychloroquine for six to 24 months and were studied retrospectively to examine long-term efficacy and predictors of a favorable response to the drug. Response was classified in terms of reduction of active joint count and morning stiffness. Thirteen patients (12 percent) showed a complete remission. Fifteen patients (14 percent) had a 75 percent or greater response. Forty patients (37 percent) had a 30 to 75 percent response. Thirty-two (30 percent) had no response. Toxicity occurred in eight patients (7 percent) before clinical efficacy could be assessed. Seven of the 68 with response had a flare of disease after initial improvement. Of multiple clinical and laboratory parameters tested, only a stronger baseline grip strength was found to be statistically significant (p less than 0.001) in predicting a favorable response. Thus, hydroxychloroquine is an effective drug in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3981516 | In vivo studies on the mononuclear phagocyte system Fc receptor function in rheumatoid art | 1985 Feb | The mononuclear phagocyte system Fc receptor function was assessed in 13 control subjects and 17 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by intravenous injection of IgG coated (IgG-RBC) or of heat-damaged (HD-RBC) 99mTc-labeled autologous erythrocytes. Although the clearance half-times of control and RA erythrocytes were not significantly different, the spleen to liver uptake ratios per surface area (S/Ls), determined by quantitative scintigraphic analysis, were significantly lower in RA patients than in controls. The S/Ls were significantly correlated with the Steinbrocker stages (r = 0.92; p less than 0.01), the disease duration (r = 0.73; p less than 0.01) and the total immunoglobulin levels (r = 0.73; p less than 0.01). The Clq binding activity of the sera was inversely correlated with the spleen (r = 0.90; p less than 0.01) and liver uptakes (r = 0.73; p less than 0.02). Our results therefore show an alteration of the Fc receptor function of splenic and hepatic mononuclear phagocytes in RA patients. | |
| 3986005 | The effect of glucocorticoids on bone mass in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Influence of | 1985 Apr | We studied 97 patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Fifty-four patients (19 premenopausal women, 25 postmenopausal women, and 10 men) had been treated with low-dose glucocorticoids for at least 12 months (mean dose less than 10 mg/day). The remaining 43 patients (15 premenopausal women, 17 postmenopausal women, and 11 men) had been treated with penicillamine, and served as a patient control group. The distal forearm bone mineral content (BMC) was measured in all patients by single photon absorptiometry using 125I, and the total body bone mineral (TBBM) was measured in 61 patients by dual photon absorptiometry using 153Gd. Compared with normal controls, both treatment groups had significantly decreased BMC and TBBM (0.01 less than P less than 0.001). When the patients were stratified according to pre- and postmenopausal state, we found significantly lower BMC and TBBM values in the premenopausal glucocorticoid-treated women than in penicillamine-treated women. However, no differences in BMC and TBBM values were found in the corresponding postmenopausal groups. In the premenopausal women treated with glucocorticoids, the duration of treatment and cumulative dose correlated with BMC. No such correlations were found in the postmenopausal women. We conclude that 1) RA is associated with loss of bone mass, 2) systemic glucocorticoid treatment further aggravates the bone loss, 3) in postmenopausal RA patients, the bone loss resulting from menopause and from the disease itself is not accelerated by low-dose glucocorticoids, and 4) in premenopausal RA patients, however, the bone mass is significantly affected by glucocorticoid treatment. We therefore suggest that these factors be considered when prescribing glucocorticoids, in order to minimize the bone loss. | |
| 629094 | [Lymphocyte nucleoli in the peripheral blood and knee joint effusions in patients with rhe | 1978 Jan | Since the activation of nucleoli in lymphocytes reflected by the presence of nucleoli with more or less distinct nucleolonemata (compact nucleoli in the light microscope) in these cells is considered as a marker of the autoimmune disease development, nucleoli of lymphocytes were investigated in the peripheral blood (22 investigations) and knee joint fluid (52 investigations) of juvenile and adult persons with rheumatoid arthritis. The results clearly indicate that the investigated joint exudates possessed a higher number of "active" lymphocytes (lymphocytes with compact nucleoli) in comparison with the peripheral blood. This observation can be interpreted as an accumulation of stimulated immunocompetent cells in the target organ. |