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PMID	Title	PublicationDate	abstract
3262596	Psychosomatic patients in a psychiatric clinic.	1988	This study reports lifetime prevalence of certain "psychosomatic disorders" in psychiatric patients in India. The "psychosomatic disorders" studied were peptic ulcer, bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, ischemic heart disease and irritable bowel syndrome. One percent of psychiatric patients had these psychosomatic illnesses. Ten of the fifteen cases had two psychosomatic illnesses. Patients with psychosomatic disorders were significantly more often older in age (p = 0.003) and from an urban background (p = 0.05) as compared to other psychiatric patients. Depression was the commonest diagnosis, and was significantly (p = 0.01) more often diagnosed in the psychosomatic patients. Psychosis was not diagnosed in patients with psychosomatic disorders. This article emphasizes the need for identifying concomitant psychosomatic problems in psychiatric patients for their appropriate management.
3127116	Corneal gammopathy.	1988	The deposition of gamma-globulin within the corneas of patients with raised levels of a specific immunoglobulin fraction has been recognised, albeit rarely, for several years. Two further instances, one concerning a man with a lymphoma of low-grade malignancy and the other a woman with rheumatoid arthritis, are presented. From a study of these patients and review of other reported cases it appears that although the morphology of the deposits can vary from case to case, the common denominator of the paracrystalline deposits is banding at approximately 10-nm intervals. IgGK is the most frequently reported immuno-globulin fraction associated with intracorneal deposition.
3049372	Bilateral, simultaneous, spontaneous rupture of the quadriceps tendon. A report of 3 cases	1988 Jan	Bilateral, simultaneous, spontaneous rupture of the quadriceps tendon is a very rare injury. It usually occurs in the obese older patient (over 50 years). Often, patients are mistakenly treated for rheumatoid arthritis, mild strokes and even neurological paralysis. This diagnostic confusion can lead to a delay in treatment. There is often no history of significant trauma. The pathognomonic signs are a palpable suprapatellar gap and an inability to lift the straight leg. Surgical 'end to end' repair, even of delayed cases, yields satisfactory results. In none of our cases was protective additional tissue reinforcement or a pullout suture used.
3726128	The wrist: a preliminary report on high-resolution MR imaging.	1986 Aug	Excellent spatial resolution is required to demonstrate the complex region of the wrist, with its diverse structures comprising bone, cartilage, and ligaments. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was done with a Magnetom imaging system operating at 1.0 T. Use of a flat surface coil enabled excellent spatial resolution and a section thickness of 4 mm. Twenty-nine patients with navicular nonunion or pseudarthrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, recent fractures, soft-tissue alterations, and bone tumors were examined. All patients had undergone radiography and bone scintigraphy. In this limited sampling, MR was found to detect and characterize marrow and articular alterations more accurately, and earlier, than either of those modalities.
3085633	Blood levels and half-life of methylmethacrylate after tourniquet release during knee arth	1986	The blood levels and the half-life of monomeric methylmethacrylate after tourniquet release were studied in nine patients with osteoarthrosis or rheumatoid arthritis of the knee joint, treated with the Townley prosthesis under spinal anesthesia. Several ventricular extrasystoles were monitored in one patient with high blood levels of monomeric methylmethacrylate (119.80 micrograms/ml). The blood levels of monomeric methylmethacrylate ranged between 0.10 and 1.44 microgram/ml in the rest of the patients. The half-life of monomeric methylmethacrylate in vivo was 47-55 min.
3288323	The spectrum of polymyalgia rheumatica.	1988 May	Polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis are common syndromes of unknown cause that afflict older patients, the great majority of whom are white. Polymyalgia, which is seen more frequently, is a benign synovitis and can be differentiated from rheumatoid arthritis by the distribution of inflamed joints and by its rapid and complete response to small doses of prednisone. Temporal or giant cell arteritis occurs in approximately 20 per cent of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and may present with either localized or systemic symptoms. Once the diagnosis is confirmed by temporal artery biopsy, patients should be treated with a large dose of prednisone for at least 1 month. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a useful test in suspecting the diagnosis initially, but is a poor gauge to tapering the steroid dose.
3498035	Quantification of the complement receptor function on polymorphonuclear leukocytes: its si	1987 Jun	The function of complement receptors (CR1) on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was assessed by C3b mediated binding of immune complexes (IC) to PMN. The binding of IC to CR1 on PMN depends on the activation of the classical complement pathway and was inhibited by the antibody to CR1 or C3b. CR1 function of PMN from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus was reduced compared with those from normal controls or patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
3820209	Penicillamine associated pulmonary hemorrhage.	1986 Oct	Penicillamine is the drug of choice in Wilson's disease and a therapeutic alternative in rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmune complications associated with penicillamine include cases resembling systemic lupus erythematosus and Goodpasture's syndrome. We report a case of diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage associated with prolonged penicillamine use in a patient with Wilson's disease with evidence of circulating immune complexes and complement activation, but without serologic or morphologic evidence of systemic lupus erythematosus, Goodpasture's syndrome or renal disease.
2644158	Avoiding laboratory test misinterpretation in geriatric rheumatology.	1989 Feb	In this review, basic principles of test selection and interpretation are applied to those serologic studies of most value to the clinician attempting to diagnose rheumatic disease in the elderly--erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF), and fluorescent anti-nuclear antibody (FANA). Essentials of each test are discussed and the significance of "normal" and "abnormal" results is illustrated in varied clinical circumstances. None of the tests is diagnostic and because false positive results are more common in healthy elderly subjects, the clinician faces the pitfall of overdiagnosis. Clinical findings remain the cornerstones for the diagnosis of rheumatic disease, and selected tests are used to refine the pretest assessments of disease probability.
2222537	Pseudotumor of the craniocervical junction during long-term hemodialysis.	1990 Oct	A systematic study of the upper cervical spine was performed using magnetic resonance imaging in 25 patients (15 men and 10 women) who had been undergoing hemodialysis for more than 10 years. Seven pseudotumors of the periodontoid soft tissue were disclosed, which were similar to the pannus recently described in rheumatoid arthritis. Bone cystic radiolucencies were observed in association with these pseudotumors in 5 patients. The radiolucencies were located in the atlas (1 in the lateral mass and 1 in the anterior branch) and in the axis (3 in the odontoid process and 1 in the vertebral body). No horizontal or vertical atlantoaxial subluxation was demonstrated. These features were observed only in patients who had amyloid arthropathy. They could be a frequent, yet thus far little-recognized, feature of beta 2-microglobulin amyloidosis.
3008765	Oxygen radicals as effectors of cartilage destruction. Direct degradative effect on matrix	1986 Mar	Degradation of intact cartilaginous tissue (bovine nasal cartilage) by oxygen-derived free radicals (ODFR) generated enzymatically by xanthine oxidase and hypoxanthine was studied. The degree of tissue destruction was determined by measuring the indentation under a defined compression force as well as by the loss of uronic acid- and hydroxyproline-containing matrix components. Cartilage slices altered by prior elastase treatment were more susceptible to oxygen radical attack than were intact tissue specimens. Degradation of cartilage matrix by ODFR was strongly inhibited by superoxide dismutase or catalase. Coincubation of latent collagenase from polymorphonuclear leukocytes with the ODFR-generating system led to activation of collagenolytic activity, resulting in marked degradation of the bovine cartilage slices. In further studies, activated polymorphonuclear leukocyte-collagenase was shown to degrade intact human articular cartilage to a degree of mechanical insufficiency. Thus, our assay system serves as an in vitro model of tissue damage, which may be relevant to pathophysiologic states such as rheumatoid arthritis.
1666349	A case of arthropathy and hypothyroidism during recombinant alpha-interferon therapy.	1991 Dec	Late side effects of alpha-interferon therapy include some autoimmune diseases, such as thyroiditis. We present the case of a patient with severe chronic active hepatitis and hepatitis-C-virus positivity, who during alpha-interferon therapy developed an autoimmune thyroiditis and at the same time arthropathy with some characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis (several articular stations simultaneously affected, involvement of the hand joints and morning stiffness).
2347143	Tendon ruptures with scaphoid nonunion. A case report.	1990 Jun	Intratendinous ruptures of flexor tendons about the hand and wrist are rare. Flexor pollicis longus and index flexor digitorum profundus tendon ruptures, most commonly seen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, occurred in a nonrheumatoid 48-year-old man with an asymptomatic scaphoid nonunion. This rare injury may simulate an anterior interosseous nerve syndrome. The absence of prior symptoms does not preclude tendon rupture secondary to scaphoid nonunion. Restoration of power pinch provides good function despite limited range of motion.
2188340	[The total shoulder prosthesis].	1990 Apr 11	Prosthetic shoulder replacement is impeded by two main obstacles: the articular cavity is very shallow, and the small glenoid surface rests on a narrow neck to which prosthetic pieces are difficult to attach. The principal, currently used prostheses are non-retentive models which reproduce the anatomy of the joint. They differ from each other mainly in the glenoid piece pattern which may be sealed only to the glenoid cavity or also fixed onto the acromion. On the whole, the clinical results reported are encouraging, particularly as regards the absence of pain, but the radiological course of the glenoidal sealing is a source of concern. Obvious unsealing is rare, but cracks between bone and cement are very frequent and some of them become wider as time goes by. In addition, there is still no satisfactory solution to the problem of big rotator cuff tears. This type of prosthesis must be envisaged with caution and should be reserved to very painful shoulders, but it would be wise not to wait until the rotator cuff is destroyed. The best indications are glenohumeral osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and necrosis of the tumoral head.
2183575	The human eosinophil in inflammation.	1990 Jan	Active research during recent years has clearly shown that the eosinophil is a potent inflammatory cell taking active part in almost all kinds of inflammatory processes. The activity of the human eosinophil is mediated by the secretion of four well characterized cytotoxic proteins, ECP, EPO, EPX/EDN and MBP in addition to lipid mediators such as LTC4 and PAF and toxic oxygen metabolites. The cytotoxic potential of the eosinophil has been demonstrated in a number of diseases with a close association of eosinophil accumulation with secretion of granule proteins and tissue injury. Also the measurements of the proteins in various body fluids have provided evidence for the active participation of eosinophils in a number of diseases such as asthma, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis to mention a few. The identification of the principles that attract eosinophils to the sites of inflammation must be a major goal in our attempts to control the activity of this potents cell.
2691672	Cognitive-behavioral therapy for primary fibromyalgia.	1989 Nov	The purpose of cognitive-behavioral therapy is to teach individuals the skills necessary to control pain and disability as well as to believe that they can successfully employ these skills. Cognitive-behavioral therapy has been used successfully in patients with back pain and rheumatoid arthritis and represents a potentially effective intervention for patients with primary fibromyalgia. This article describes cognitive-behavioral treatment procedures, presents 2 experimental designs that may be used in randomized, controlled clinical trials of cognitive-behavioral therapy in patients with primary fibromyalgia and identifies the methodological features that should be included in the trials.
3375885	Hyperkalemia induced by indomethacin and naproxen and reversed by fludrocortisone.	1988 Jun	We have described a patient with severe rheumatoid arthritis and a history of mefenamic acid nephropathy in whom hyperkalemia and inappropriate hypoaldosteronism were caused by both indomethacin and naproxen, without major decline in renal function. It is likely that preexisting renal disease predisposed this patient to type IV renal tubular acidosis with prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors. Because he was unable to discontinue nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy, fludrocortisone was added, correcting the hyperkalemia and allowing indomethacin therapy to be continued safely.
3353842	Disappearance of quadriparesis due to a huge cervicothoracic aneurysmal bone cyst.	1988 Apr	A young man who had suffered from rheumatoid arthritis developed a huge cervicothoracic aneurysmal bone cyst and progressive quadriparesis. Complete recovery occurred after "incomplete therapy," which consisted of an open biopsy and a small dose of irradiation. This tumor was observed and characterized as a blood-filled cyst excavated from the bone. Because of the controversy in the literature over the benefit of surgery vs. irradiation, this report emphasizes the fact that even "partial" treatment may beneficially affect this tumor.
3209124	Lymphocyte surface ferritin in malignant and inflammatory diseases.	1988	We developed a lymphocyte ferritin antibody-binding test (LFABT) to measure lymphocyte surface ferritin (LSF) and used it in cases of malignant and other diseases associated with elevated serum ferritin. LSF was elevated in 33 of 83 patients with a variety of malignant neoplasms in all stages of disease. LSF was also elevated in 2 of 5 patients with infectious mononucleosis, but was normal in all 15 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, bacterial infections and hemochromatosis. LSF and serum ferritin levels do not correlate. These findings suggest the usefulness of LFABT as a diagnostic tool and demonstrate the biologic significance of LSF.
25291272	The genetic origin of autoantibodies.	1987	Autoimmune disease appears to be a consequence of the generation of self-reactive antibodies. The relationship between these autoantibodies and antibodies directed against exogenous antigens has fostered much recent work, especially on the murine models of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, as Reinhard Kofler and his colleagues review here. While the complexities surrounding the origin of self-specific antibodies are still to be completely unravelled, it appears that lupus autoantibody expression may not result from defects in lg germline genes nor in mechanisms generating antibody repertoires (variable region gene selection, rearrangement, somatic mutation) but follows the same general principles governing responses to foreign antigens.