Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3876434 | Genetic variants of properdin factor B (Bf) in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1985 Jun | Properdin factor B (Bf) phenotyping was carried out in 392 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in 360 controls. In RA there were increased frequencies of both the Bf*S gene (83 vs 78%; pc = 0.0003) and the BfSS genotype 73 vs 61%; pc = 0.0002) and reduced frequencies of the Bf*F1 gene (0.5 vs 2.2%; pc = 0.03) and the BfFS genotype (20 vs 29%; pc = 0.0007). The frequencies of Bf*S in DR4 positive and DR4 negative RA were similar so that the findings were not accounted for by linkage disequilibrium between DR4 and Bf*S. | |
| 1085094 | Some cellular aspects of chronic inflammation in joint disease. | 1976 Feb | We have examined the nature of some mononuclear cells from inflamed synovial membranes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It was found that cells which remained in the supernatant medium after overnight culture of trypsinized tissue contained a variable number of lymphocytes which were shown to be T cells by rosetting and mitogen response. This suggests a source of T cell lymphokines with an effect on macrophages and thus a role in the maintenance of inflammation. Another role for mononuclear cells is suggest by the cytotoxicity of blood mononuclear cells directed against cultured synovial cells. This was found to occur in an autologous system using fibroblasts from rheumatoid synovium, but was not specific for rheumatoid arthritis. Stimulatory factors from rheumatoid joint effusion macrophages for blood lymphocytes were sought, but although blast transformation occurred, the results were equivocal. In this communication we set out to examine the nature of lymphoid cells in the synovial membrane and the role which they may play in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation. We also briefly consider cell-mediated mechanisms of tissue injury. Since an active role of lymphoid cells pre-supposes the presence of an agent or agents which serve to stimulate them, we also report some recent attempts to find evidence for this. One of the striking histological features of the inflamed synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis, but also in some other forms of chronic arthritis, is the presence of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Immunofluorescent studies and organ culture studies have shown the presence and synthesis of immunoglobulins, predominantly the domain of plasma cells. The production of immunoglobulins, formation of complexes and activation of complement is a major factor in pathogenesis, but lymphocytes may also have a direct role through the production of lymphokines. Until recently these substances have been attributed to T lymphocytes, but Rocklin et al. (1) have recently shown that B cells may also be involved in certain experimental circumstances. The availability of synovectomy specimens from patients with rheumatoid arthritis has enabled us to examine the nature of lymphoid cells from synovial membranes. (This part of the work is reported fully elsewhere. | |
| 7134988 | Pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis: a vascular hypothesis. | 1982 Aug | Past research into the pathogenesis of RA has generally concerned itself with established inflammation. The present review summarizes alterations in microvascular anatomy and function which occur during the hypoxic state, in various experimental and disease conditions. It further shows that tissue hypoxia is a common finding in RA and that the microvascular alterations of RA are similar to those produced by experimental hypoxia. The available data suggest that microcirculatory compromise, concomitant with an increase in metabolic needs of synovial tissue, may initiate tissue injury via anoxia and acidosis, resulting in hydrolytic enzyme release, increased vascular permeability and acceleration of inflammatory processes. It is further believed that the microcirculatory abnormality may be generalized, accounting for the systemic manifestations often seen in RA. Factors effecting arteriolar blood flow obstruction are reviewed to identify areas for future investigation in RA and other disorders involving microvasculopathy. The multitude of longknown and newly recognized factors predisposing to vasospasm and vasodilatation have been outlined as a guide to possible mechanisms which may be operative in RA. An attempt has been made to gather and synthesize the available data in the hope that it may stimulate other investigators to pursue more definitive research into specific areas which may show early microvascular abnormalities in the pathophysiology of RA. Identification of factors operative early in the pathogenesis of RA, before it becomes self-perpetuating, may well be a step in the direction of preventing the ravages of this disease, or providing insight to more effective control. | |
| 177426 | Exfoliative cytology interpretation of synovial fluid in joint disease. | 1976 Apr | Criteria for the specific diagnoses of the several arthritides, on the basis of exfoliative cytology examination of fluids aspirated from diseased joints, were derived from examinations of 126 specimens of synovial fluid. They were screened cytologically and wholly on the basis of the cytological findings were classified into seven groups: rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, traumatic arthritis, gouty arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, pigmented villonodualr synovitis, and septic arthritis. The cytological features of each group appeared relatively constant and reproducible. Subsequent comparison of the clinical and cytological diagnoses showed excellent correlation. | |
| 4017663 | Acute abdomen in rheumatoid arthritis due to mesenteric arteritis. A case report and revie | 1985 Jun | A 69-year-old woman with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis since the age of 54 developed severe abdominal pain, and laparotomy was performed. Due to perforation of the ileum, there was generalised peritonitis. The histological examination showed mesenteric rheumatoid arteritis. Only a few cases like this are described in the literature. Most of the patients were males, and the mortality was high. When a patient with rheumatoid arthritis develops abdominal pain, mesenteric arteritis may be the cause. No definitive therapy is available, but prompt surgical intervention followed by anticoagulants has been recommended. For the treatment of rheumatoid vasculitis as such, corticosteroids in high doses, cyclophosphamide and plasma exchange have been used separately with beneficial effects. | |
| 115389 | Distribution of gold among plasma fractions in rheumatoid patients undergoing chrysotherap | 1979 Aug | The distribution of gold among the globulin, albumin, and unbound fractions of plasma, obtained either from rheumatoid patients receiving long-term aurothiomalate therapy or from samples incubated with aurothiomalate in vitro, has been investigated. In the rheumatoid patients it has been found that, although the majority of the plasma gold is always bound to albumin, the distribution varies cyclically in phase with the dose schedule. An explanation of these phenomena is provided, based on data obtained from the reaction between aurothiomalate and plasma constituents in vitro. | |
| 3865340 | Lack of HLA-antigen association in Greek rheumatoid arthritis patients. | 1985 | One hundred and eighteen unrelated Greek patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were tissue-typed for HLA-A, -B, -DR antigens and the frequency was compared to that of healthy controls. Greek RA patients regardless of sex, anatomical severity, seropositivity and age at disease onset are not associated with any of the HLA alloantigens tested. Only an increased prevalence, not statistically significant, was observed of the HLA-DR5 antigen in the Ro (SSA) positive RA group. | |
| 6283666 | [Rheumatoid arthritis with monoclonal gammopathy. Retrospective review of twelve case-repo | 1982 Apr 22 | Monoclonal gammopathy (MG) occurs in the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in approximately 3.7% of cases. Twelve such cases were compared to two-hundred and fifteen controls with RA. RA was of later onset in patients with MG. Patients with MG had lower latex and Rose-Waaler titers; a decrease in these titres heralded onset of MG. The twelve patients with both RA and MG were then compared to nine-hundred and seventy-one controls with monoclonal gammopathy. As in previous studies, we recorded both IgM excess and unexplained lambda light chain excess. | |
| 736438 | [Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with seronegative polyarthritis. Report of a case. Review | 1978 Aug | Pyoderma gangrenosum developed in a 45-year-old caucasian woman who had an 18 year past history of seronegative polyarthritis without any visceral or haematologic associated abnormalities. A literature review revealed only 12 reported cases. Extensive laboratory evaluation failed to detect alterations of the immune functions. The presence of a vasculitis with C3 deposits suggested that levamisole may have played a role in eliciting the lesion. Clofazimine, administered for a period of one month, was a relative failure. | |
| 6431998 | Severe functional declines, work disability, and increased mortality in seventy-five rheum | 1984 Aug | Seventy-five patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were reviewed 9 years after an extensive evaluation which included quantitative measures of functional capacity. These patients had received multiple intraarticular injections of thiotepa with corticosteroids early in their course, but appear demographically and functionally similar to other RA patients who had not received this therapy. Severe morbidity was seen over the 9-year period in the 55 surviving patients, including significantly lower overall functional capacity in 92% of patients studied, lower grip strength in 93%, and longer button test results in 84%. Work disability occurred in 85% of patients under age 65 who had been working full-time at disease onset. There was increased mortality at the 9-year review, similar to most reported series of RA patients from referral centers; however, a significant increase in neoplasia, which was of concern because of the use of intraarticular thiotepa, was not seen. In terms of functional capacity, including responses to questions about ability to perform activities, walking time, and the button test, those patients who had died prior to review had significantly lower baseline values than did those who survived. Of the 75 patients, 20 had died and 51 had lost significant functional capacity over a 9-year period, documented by quantitative measures of functional capacity. | |
| 7178856 | Serum antioxidant activity and related variables in rheumatoid arthritis. Behaviour during | 1982 | Some parameters (serum antioxidant activity, -SH groups, ceruloplasmin, copper) involved in the mechanisms of defence against oxygen free radicals were investigated in 25 rheumatoid patients and in 15 control subjects, matched for sex and age. When comparing the results obtained in the two groups, there is in rheumatoid arthritis a marked increase in the serum-specific antioxidant activity, related to ceruloplasmin, ESR, haemoglobin and Ritchie's index and a net decrease in the -SH groups inversely related to Ritchie's index and to ceruloplasmin. On analysing the sensitivity of the various parameters in discriminating between rheumatoid and healthy subjects, it is found that the -SH groups are the most sensitive, followed by the specific antioxidant activity, copper content, and ceruloplasmin. The evaluation of the same parameters in a group of 14 rheumatoid patients before and after 6 months of therapy with an antioxidant drug, viz. Tiopronin, confirms their usefulness in providing information regarding response to the treatment and on the recovery from the disease. | |
| 6787996 | Changes in immune function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis following treatment with | 1981 Jun | The mitogenic response of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 21 patients with rheumatoid arthritis to concanavalin-A (con--A), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) was significantly lower than in 30 normal subjects. After 15--24 weeks' treatment with sodium aurothiomalate (GST) the response to these mitogens rose to within the normal range. Improvement over pretreatment values was significant for con-A and PWM measured as area under the dose response curve but only for con--A if response at optimal mitogen concentration is the sole criterion. The improvement in PHA response was not significant with either method of measurement. There was an improvement in disease activity by 15--24 weeks as measured by a fall in serum C-reactive protein (CRP), IgM rheumatoid factor (RF), Clq binding activity (ClqBA), and Ritchie articular index. Con--A lymphocyte responsiveness was inversely related to serum CRP levels, but measurements of disease activity were otherwise unrelated to lymphocyte mitogen responsiveness. The observed improvement in peripheral blood lymphocyte responsiveness during gold treatment contrasts with the suppressive effect of gold in vitro. We suggest that the improvement in lymphocyte function is due to the lessening of rheumatoid disease activity during gold treatment, and that the low serum gold levels in our patients were insufficient to mask this effect. Sera from some of our patients were capable of suppressing the function of normal lymphocytes, and this was less apparent after treatment. The suppressive effect of sera correlated with ClqBA. Suppressive factors in serum, including possibly immune complexes, may be one factor leading to suppression of lymphocyte function during rheumatoid arthritis. Such an inverse relationship between humoral and cellular immune mechanisms might influence the clinical expression of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 8834 | The passage of benorylate into the synovial fluid and tissue of rheumatoid patients. | 1975 | After a preliminary wash-out period of 3-7 days during which no anti-inflammatory drugs were given, 11 female patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis were given 8 g of benorylate as the 40% suspension 3-7 days prior to synovectomy of the knee. Samples of synovial tissue and fluid from the affected knee were assayed for their content of benorylate, salicylate and paracetamol in an attempt to relat these concentrations to the length of medication and the severity of the disease process as measured clinically, by X-ray, by open inspection at operation and by histology of the synovial tissue. The esterase activity of the blood and synovial fluid was also measured by the capacity to hydrolyse benorylate used as substrate. | |
| 7123124 | [Alpha 2 HS-glycoprotein in rheumatoid arthritis. Its plasma concentration and possible bi | 1982 Jun | Alpha 2-HS glycoprotein is one of the plasma proteins found in high concentrations in bone tissue. In order to study the relationship between this glycoprotein plasma concentration and bone damage in rheumatoid arthritis, plasma concentrations of this substance were measured in the serums of 32 patients with rheumatoid arthritis before and after treatment. Our results demonstrated that the concentration of alpha 2-HS glycoprotein, although slightly higher than normal values, did not vary in rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment of the disease did not seem to modify alpha 2-HS glycoprotein plasma levels, whereas other biological and clinical parameters of inflammation improved. The probable biological role of alpha 2-HS glycoprotein in rheumatoid arthritis is debated. | |
| 6673112 | CREG antigens differentially influence expression of extraarticular manifestations in whit | 1983 Nov | B27 and the CREG antigens (-7, -27, -40, -42, and -22) have been shown to be related to the spondyloarthropathies. We have studied the frequency distribution of these antigens in patients with RA. Two hundred ninety-six patients with either classical or definitive RA by ARA criteria were studied: 199 were whites and 97 were blacks. Appropriate local control subjects were also studied (242 whites and 283 blacks). In the white RA patients 48.7% possessed a CREG antigen (97 of 199) while in the black patients 28.9% were CREG positive (28 of 97). In the white control subjects, 45.9% had a CREG antigen and 31.4% for the black control subjects. The relationship between CREG antigens and disease expression was compared using clinical, demographic, radiologic, and therapeutic parameters. For the white group there was no difference in the age and sex, disease duration, functional capacity, anatomic grading, C/M ratio, seropositivity, frequency of extraarticular manifestations (subcutaneous nodules, vasculitis, sicca symptoms, pleuropulmonary, or pericardial disease), frequency of remittive therapy, and toxicity to chrysotherapy. For the blacks all parameters were comparable except for a decrease in the frequency of extraarticular manifestations among the CREG-positive patients (21.4 vs. 46.4%) which is significant (p less than 0.05). Our data show no significant differences in the frequency of the CREG antigens in either blacks or whites with RA as compared to normal subjects. However, a possible sparing of some of the extraarticular manifestations of the disease appears to associate with the CREG antigens. | |
| 3002686 | Transferrin receptor bearing cells in the peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid art | 1985 Nov | Activated, proliferating lymphocytes are a feature of rheumatoid arthritis. They are present both in the synovial membrane and in the peripheral circulation. The expression of transferrin receptors(TFR) is a good marker of cellular proliferation. This study shows increased levels of circulating TFR-bearing lymphocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The TFR+ population contains a disproportionately large number of T4+ cells, leading to a high T4:T8 ratio (5:1 in the TFR+ population, compared to 2:1 in the total circulating pool of lymphocytes). This reflects the pattern found in the rheumatoid synovium and suggests that lymphocyte activation in RA may be an extra-articular phenomenon. The TFR+ population also contains a range of non-T cells, including B cells, and a population bearing phenotypic similarities to natural killer (NK) cells. | |
| 7406934 | Evaluation of a continuing education program in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1980 Jul | A continuing medical education (CME) program in rheumatoid arthritis was implemented and evaluated in six community hospitals. It was targeted at primary care physicians and utilized physicians identified by their peers as being educationally influential for the dissemination of content knowledge. Although inpatient and outpatient audits of physician records demonstrated little change in three control communities, substantial improvement in the utilization of diagnostic procedures and patient management was documented in the three intervention communities utilizing the influential physicians. CME delivered through community-based educationally influential physicians is an effective way to change physician behavior in small communities with no prior ongoing educational programs. This approach should improve the primary care given to patients with rheumatoid arthritis and reduce the need for participation of academic faculty in traditional CME programs. | |
| 7039526 | The comparative incidence of malignant disease in rheumatoid arthritics exposed to differe | 1982 | Cytotoxic drugs are effective in disease suppression and affect the immune system. The correlation between these is poor, in many patients, at the dosage used in man. This may partly explain why the large increased risk of neoplasia, initially predicted, has not been shown to follow the use of cytotoxic therapy. The cause of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis has been assessed both by surveys based on clinical populations and by reviews of necropsy records. There have been few attempts to assess the influence of drug therapy on mortality, or on the incidence of neoplasia. In addition, evidence is accumulating to suggest that lymphoreticular tumours may be associated with autoimmune disease. There have now been several long-term studies of patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with immunosuppressives; azathioprine and cyclophosphamide in particular. These studies are reviewed and it is concluded that the incidence of most of the common cancers is not increased. | |
| 7428632 | [Administration of D-penicillamine instead of penicillin with fatal results: allergy of th | 1980 Aug 8 | Following one-week treatment with D-penicillamine for rheumatoid arthritis a seven-year-old girl died with the clinical features of protracted circulatory shock. Several doctors had mis-diagnosed the skin changes and mistakenly prescribed penicillamine, given for the rheumatoid arthritis, instead of plenicillin at the latter's dosage. By the administration of penicillamine a hypersensitivity reaction of the delayed type had been induced which ended fatally due to severe shock. | |
| 6976785 | HLA-Bw35 and prognosis in adult Still's disease. | 1981 Dec | Twenty-five patients with adult Still's disease were studied to determine clinical course and possible HLA associations. Two types of disease evolution were distinguishable clinically: a self-limited remitting disease with or without recurrent cyclic exacerbations was found in 11 patients, and a persistent disease with continuous activity for more than 1 year, generally accompanied by progressive joint disease, was determined in 8. Disease course could not be classified in 6 patients. The antigen frequencies of HLA-Bw35 (40%, P less than 0.05) and Cw4 (44%, P less than 0.05) were increased in adult Still's disease as compared to controls (18% and 20%, respectively). Because HLA-Bw35 was associated with self-limited remitting type disease (P less than 0.02), this antigen may be a favorable prognostic marker in adult Still's disease. |