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Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes

PMID	Title	PublicationDate	abstract
7355160	Physical therapy management of patients with total ankle replacement.	1980 Mar	Ankle arthrodesis has been the treatment of choice for patients who have arthritic or degenerative ankly disease with disabling pain and loss of motion. But the results of long-term retrospective studies show a significant percentage of arthrodeses are unacceptable to patients and considered to be clinically poor or failures by the physicians. Therefore, total replacement of the ankle joint is becoming recognized as an alternative to ankle arthrodesis. This procedure eliminates pain and provides suffient ankle motion for resumption of normal activities. Objectives and indications for the procedure, two types of prostheses, and the surgical procedure are discussed. Guidelines are provided for preoperative and postoperative physical therapy for patients having total ankle replacements.
6361131	Use of total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) in studies of the T cell-dependence of autoantibod	1984 Feb	The effect of total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) on T cell-dependent and -independent humoral immune responses was studied in patients with intractable rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The serum levels of several autoantibodies and of antibodies to diphtheria (DT) and tetanus (TT) toxoids and to pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPS; 12 antigenic types) were studied before and after TLI. In addition, the patients were given a booster injection of DT and TT and a single injection of pneumococcal vaccine after radiotherapy. Antibody levels to DT and TT decreased about twofold after TLI and did not rise significantly (p greater than 0.05) after a booster injection. However, there was no reduction in antibody levels to PPS after TLI, and a significant rise in titers was observed after a single vaccination (p less than 0.01). The serum levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), and granulocyte associated IgG rose slightly after TLI. Thus, the autoantibodies and antibodies to polysaccharides appear to be relatively independent of helper T cell function, which is markedly reduced after TLI. On the other hand, antibodies to protein antigens such as DT and TT appear to be more closely dependent upon T helper function in man, as has been reported in rodents. The findings suggest that T cell-independent autoantibody responses alone do not maintain the joint disease activity in RA, because improvement in joint disease after TLI has been reported.
4051585	Hyaluronic acid production in vitro by synovial lining cells from normal and rheumatoid jo	1985 Oct	Organ cultures and primary cell cultures were established from synovial tissue collected from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Hyaluronic acid measured by the incorporation of [3H]glucosamine into the polysaccharide was found to be synthesised in the cultures immediately after transfer from in-vivo to in-vitro conditions. This was in contrast to the primary cultures established from cells isolated from normal joints. The latter cells did not synthesise any detectable hyaluronate. 90-100% of the cells in primary culture were found to be esterase positive, indicating their macrophage nature. The molecular weight of the hyaluronate produced by the pathological cells was low (approximately 50 000) compared with the molecular weight of hyaluronate found in joint fluid from normal or rheumatoid joints. Cell lines of fibroblasts established from rheumatoid joints and studied after four or seven passages also produced hyaluronate of low molecular weight. It is known that similar cell lines from normal joints produce a high molecular weight polymer.
3931147	Mianserin protein binding in serum and plasma from healthy subjects and patients with depr	1985	Mianserin protein binding was measured in serum from 43 healthy subjects and plasma from 12 elderly depressed patients and 23 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Free fraction (mean +/- SD) was 5.5 +/- 0.7% in the healthy subjects, 5.0 +/- 0.8% in the elderly subjects and 6.0 +/- 1.0 in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In the group of elderly patients treated with mianserin, a high correlation (r = 0.83, P less than 0.001) between total and free concentrations of mianserin was found. In both groups a high linear correlation (r = +0.90, P less than 0.001) between the free fraction of mianserin and that of imipramine was found, the latter being about twice as high as for mianserin. In both healthy subjects and arthritis patients the degree of protein binding was positively correlated to the concentration of alpha 1-acid-glycoprotein and complement C3c, and somewhat more weakly to haptoglobin. In the healthy subjects protein binding was also highly positively correlated to the concentration of apolipoprotein B, whereas no such correlation was found in the rheumatoid arthritis patients. In the rheumatoid arthritis patients protein binding was highly correlated to the concentration of hemopexin and somewhat more weakly to ceruloplasmin and fibrinogen; a weak negative correlation to the concentration of albumin was also found. Since significant intercorrelations between the concentrations of these proteins were found, the correlation to the degree of binding of mianserin may not necessarily represent binding of the drug to the protein.
4026490	Aortic valve prolapse in congenital and acquired systemic disease.	1985 Sep	Aortic valve prolapse, an uncommon finding in subjects with aortic insufficiency, occurred in one patient with rheumatoid arthritis and one with a congenital bicuspid aortic valve, conditions in which aortic insufficiency has been commonly attributed to aortic root dilatation and incomplete aortic valve closure, respectively. Aortic valve prolapse may be more commonly reported as the cause of aortic insufficiency in these conditions now that noninvasive techniques, such as echocardiography, are available.
7457748	Duodenal diaphragm associated with superior mesenteric artery syndrome.	1981 Feb	An unusual case of duodenal diaphragm in a 24 year old patient who presented with symptoms of the superior mesenteric artery syndrome is presented. The patient had rheumatoid arthritis and had been treated with salicylates, which were thought to have produced inflammation and occlusion of the aperture to the point of complete obstruction. Complete excision of the diaphragm through anterior duodenotomy and distal duodenojejunostomy provided an excellent result.
399768	Are hospital assessments of daily living activities valid?	1979	The level of functional achievement gained during a rehabilitation programme provides the basis for supplying aids and requesting community services on discharge. In a study of follow up regimes for patients with rheumatoid arthritis a comparison was made between functional assessments in hospital before discharge and at home shortly after discharge. A small number of the activities assessed showed a significant change at home and these changes were all towards a lower level of independence.
6163469	Evidence for the presence of dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase and its inhibitors in inflammator	1981 Mar 13	Evidence is reported for the presence of dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase (peptidyldipeptide hydrolase, EC 3.4.15.1) and of inhibitor(s) of this enzyme in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and gout.
1252268	Specific detection and semiquantitation of microorganisms in tissue by nucleic acid hybrid	1976 Jan	Synovial tissues from animals with chronic Erysipelothrix arthritis were examined by a technique based on RNA-DNA hybridization in an attempt to detect the inducing organism, Erysipelothrix insidiosa (EI). Twelve synovial specimens from 5 animals whose joints lacked culturable EI also lacked EI detectable by this technique. Because the technique is capable of detecting approximately one organism per 50 mammalian cells, it is concluded that no more than this number were present in the involved tissue. Implications of these results for proposed pathogenetic mechanisms in this disorder and in human rheumatoid arthritis are discussed.
6984465	Mitogen stimulation of whole blood microcultures from patients with rheumatic disease.	1982 Nov	In this study the lymphocyte function of therapy matched rheumatoid and non-rheumatoid patients in the mitogen mediated in vitro whole blood microculture system has been analyzed. Normal responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and poke weed mitogen (PWM) and depressed responses to concanavalin A (Con A) were found. The PHA and Con A responses were influenced by drug therapy. Differences in the relative activity of PHA to Con A among the groups studied further supports the contention that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have functional abnormalities in their T cell subpopulations. These differences were not due to a decrease in circulating lymphocytes or in the ratio of T lymphocyte numbers but likely reflects a disproportionate representation of Con A reactive T cells in the circulating T cell pool of RA patients.
6939871	Penicillamine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.	1981 Jan	Between 1973 and 1979, 203 patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis were treated with chloroquine phosphate, gold, or penicillamine. Of 132 receiving penicillamine, 76 received it as the sole treatment. Forty of 50 withdrawals from penicillamine were side effect-related, although 4 of these 50 subsequently resumed therapy. Nineteen showed no response to penicillamine. Eight-six remained on the drug in early 1980. Penicillamine compares favourably with gold with regard to clinical response, number of side effects, and withdrawal rate of the patients on penicillamine.
6745302	Decrease of in vitro serum protein binding of salicylate in rheumatoid arthritis.	1984 Apr	Free and bound fractions of salicylates were separated by equilibrium dialysis and measured by spectrofluorimetry in 27 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in 16 controls. The results showed that in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the binding of salicylate to proteins decreased in an overproportional manner with the decrease of serum albumin concentrations. This phenomenon was linked with the severity of the inflammatory syndrome. The saturation binding capacity per unit of protein concentration was lower in the patients suffering from active forms of the condition, a finding which suggests that the changes observed are not due only to quantitative changes in the serum albumins. This study confirms the importance of determining free salicylate concentrations in the treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases.
856219	Preliminary criteria for the classification of the acute arthritis of primary gout.	1977 Apr	The American Rheumatism Association sub-committe on classification criteria for gout analyzed data from more than 700 patients with gout, pseudogout, rheumatoid arthritis, or septic arthritis. Criteria for classifying a patient as having gout were a) the presence of characteristic urate crystals in the joint fluid, and/or b) a topus proved to contain urate crystals by chemical or polarized light microscopic means, and/or c) the presence of six of the twelve clinical, laboratory, and X-ray phenomena listed in Table 5.
6674814	[Biorheology: problems and results in medicine].	1983 Dec	After a short explanation of the topic and a methodological introduction, several recent biorheological findings are presented and discussed. Intrinsic viscosity measurements with lipoproteins show, that a certain type associates strongly in presence of Ca ions thus representing a risk factor for infarction. A rheological theory of rheumatic deterioration of knee joint synovial fluid is presented and suggested as a diagnostic aid. Finally, recent results in blood rheology are reported and their bearing on circulation problems and arterial obstructive conditions discussed.
534265	[Humeral lytic lesions and circulating anticoagulant in secondary syphilis (author's trans	1979 Dec 17	A case of secondary syphilis revealed by rheumatic complaints is described. Arthralgia and myalgia were associated with lytic lesions and periostitis of both humerus. A more diffuse skeletal involvement was detected by bone scanning. A genital ulceration 4 months before, diffuse lymphadenopathy and a strongly positive serological reaction ascertain the diagnosis. The association of a circulating anticoagulant is discussed. All manifestations cleared with penicilline treatment.
7038919	Some metabolic aspects of arthritis.	1982 Mar 27	Arthritis commonly accompanies clinical disturbances of metabolism, while diseases which are primarily articular may cause major general metabolic abnormalities. The relationship between diet, nutrition and joint diseases is complex and varies from simple mechanical factors (as in obesity) to complex metabolic processes. Current knowledge of these processes is extensive in some areas, such as in gout and hyperuricaemia, whereas in others, such as the arthropathy encountered after intestinal bypass surgery, it is very scant indeed. Joint disorders in hyperlipoproteinaemia and diabetes mellitus are varied and the pathogenesis of these articular problems is as yet ill understood. In view of the frequency with which these metabolic problems occur, these disorders offer no opportunities for the clinical study of the processes involved in joint inflammation and damage. In contrast, metabolic abnormalities such as hypergastrinaemia and elevated ionized calcium in rheumatoid arthritis are worthy of study, as they may offer clues to the underlying aetiology of the joint disease. This latter abnormality is suggestive of hyperparathyroidism, a condition which may present with polyarthritis and in which joint changes may be severe, although they are usually obscured by the more obvious bony problems in this disease. An illustrative historical vignette is included.
3934748	Proliferating cells in the synovial fluid in rheumatic disease. An analysis with autoradio	1985 Oct	The subtype of the proliferating cells in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylopoietic spondylarthrosis (SPA), and osteoarthritis (OA) was studied with autoradiography-immunoperoxidase double staining. Of all spontaneously proliferating synovial fluid cells in chronic arthritis, 59 +/- 4% displayed T8 differentiation marker, whereas T4 (21 +/- 4%) and B (2 +/- 1%) cells were few. Of all T4+ and all T8+ lymphocytes, 0.55 +/- 0.1% and 0.90 +/- 0.1%, respectively, incorporated [3H]thymidine. The [3H]thymidine labelling index for B cells was 0.30 +/- 0.1%. This was in contrast to OA, in which no proliferating lymphocytes were observed in the synovial fluid. Our findings suggest that the predominance of proliferating T8+ cells in the synovial fluid reflects an underlying chronic inflammation. Because RA and SPA synovium is a site of intense immunoglobulin production, our finding of the predominance of activated, proliferating T8+ cells may also reflect a dissociation between phenotype and function as a reason for the chronicity of the joint inflammation.
6532624	Coexistence of muscle anomalies and rheumatoid arthritis in patients with carpal tunnel sy	1984 Oct	During a five-year period, surgical release of the carpal tunnel was performed on 150 patients with median nerve compression. Seventeen (11%) had rheumatoid arthritis. Among this subgroup, six patients had anomalous muscles in the wrist and proximal palm. An additional patient with psoriatic arthritis demonstrated a comparable abnormality. No other patients in this series had similar findings. This statistically highly significant occurrence is probably related to additive effects of the two disorders in producing median nerve compression.
206643	Lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr virus. Induction of nuclear antigen reactive with	1978 Apr 1	Sera from approximately two-thirds of patients with rheumatoid arthritis contain an antibody which is reactive with a nuclear antigen present in human B-lymphocyte tissue culture cells. The immunological reaction can be demonstrated by precipitation and immunofluorescence. Evidence is present that the reactive nuclear antigen is associated with Epstein-Barr (EB) virus-transformed lymphocytes. Normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes did not contain the nuclear antigen reactive with rheumatoid arthritis sera, but after infection with EB virus, they showed increasing amounts of reactive nuclear antigen as the cells were transformed into continuous lines. Several established human and simian lymphocyte cell lines known to carry EB viral genomes were shown to contain rheumatoid arthritis-associated nuclear antigen. Evidence is presented which suggests that the rheumatoid arthritis-associated nuclear antigen is different from the previously described EB nuclear antigen.
92141	Fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products in exudates from bullous dematoses.	1979	Inflammatory exudates from 10 patients with bullous skin diseases were analysed by immunochemical techniques including crossed immunoelectrophoresis. The results were compared with those obtained in fluid from suction bullae obtained in normal skin in 13 control subjects and synovial fluid from 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Abnormal fibrinogen degradation products identical with those found in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis were detected in exudates from each of the patients with bullous dermatoses, whereas significantly smaller amounts of fibrinogen antigenic material were detected in fluid obtained by suction. The fibrinogen antigenic material demonstrated in exudates from pathological bullae, immunochemically similar to that found in rheumatoid synovial fluid, indicates that the presence of these products reflects the more general features of an inflammatory exudate.