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PMID	Title	PublicationDate	abstract
20144093	Involvement of the manubrio-sternal articulation in rheumatoid arthritis.	1987	Changes in the manubrio-sternal articulation (MSA) were examined radiologically in 87 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in a control group comprised of 23 patients with osteoarthritis and 72 subjects without joint disease. Erosions, reactive sclerosis and ankylosis were encountered in 70% of the rheumatoid arthritis group and in 27% of controls. There was no difference in the incidence of changes in persons with osteoarthritis and in the other control subjects.
2247390	Preschool sarcoidosis masquerading as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: two case reports and	1990 Sep	Preschool sarcoidosis is characterized by the triad of skin, joint, and eye disease without pulmonary involvement. Arthritis and uveitis are also frequently seen together in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. We report two patients with preschool sarcoidosis, both of whom were initially diagnosed and treated as having juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Skin biopsy is an important early diagnostic procedure to differentiate the conditions. The uveitis in both diseases can have serious sequelae.
2628891	[Disorders of the system of hemostasis in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and	1989 Apr	The investigation of haemostasis has been performed in 55 children aged 2 to 18 years suffering from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (31 girls and 13 boys) and children suffering from rheumatic fever (7 girls and 4 boys). The results were compared with the control group of 25 healthy children. The minimal abnormalities has been found in the group of children with rheumatic fever in the investigated indices of haemostasis in the beginning of the disease as well as during treatment. In the group of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis the following abnormalities has been found: increased platelet count, fibrinogen, fibrinogen degradation products, fibrin, elongation of lysis time of the euglobulines, decrease of the plasminogen concentration.
2848470	Transient rheumatoid factor positivity in acute human parvovirus B19 infection.	1988 Dec	The relationship between parvovirus B19 infection and classic rheumatoid arthritis remains to be determined. We describe two adult patients with serologically documented acute parvovirus B19 infection who presented with sudden onset of symmetric polyarthritis, skin eruption, and rheumatoid factor positivity. Rheumatoid factor positivity and symptoms resolved within five months. We conclude that a diagnosis of B19 arthropathy should be considered in any patient with recent acute or subacute onset of symmetric polyarthralgia or polyarthritis and rheumatoid factor positivity, which would otherwise suggest a diagnosis of early rheumatoid arthritis.
2534450	[Measurement of keratan sulfate levels in synovial fluid in joint diseases].	1989 Dec	The authors describe their own modification of the ELISA method for the assessment of the epitope of keratate sulphate (KS) in synovial fluid. Considerably elevated values of KS were found in patients with gouty arthritis and reactive arthritis, as compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The KS levels in the exudate of patients with osteoarthritis were significantly higher than in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis a negative relationship was found between the KS level in the exudate and the activity of the disease. A relationship was found between KS in the exudate and the interleukin-1 level in the exudate. Finally the authors discuss the importance of assessment of cartilage fragments in body fluids by immunochemical methods and future development trends of this discipline.
3081699	Monocyte bone degradation: in vitro analysis of monocyte activity in patients with juvenil	1986 Mar	We examined the ability of the mononuclear phagocyte in vitro to degrade 45Ca-labeled bone particles to determine whether this assay allowed us to monitor disease activity in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The monocytes from patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis receiving no anti-erosive therapy (n = 10) degraded significantly more bone than did cells obtained from normal controls (n = 10, P less than 0.001) or patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis receiving either gold thioglucose (n = 4, P less than 0.001) or D-penicillamine (n = 6, P less than 0.005). In two patients monitored for either 8 or 11 months, results of monocyte assays were found to parallel the clinical course. We conclude that in vitro monocyte bone degradation assays may provide a means of assessing joint activity in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Further, this study and others indicate that mononuclear phagocytes are capable of causing erosive changes.
2661572	Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.	1989 May	Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis affects approximately 60,000 to 250,000 children in the United States and is the most common connective tissue disease occurring during childhood. This article discusses the signs, symptoms, and general management of the disease, including surgical techniques.
2454634	Synovial fluid lymphocytes in different subtypes of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.	1988 Jun	We studied the subsets of synovial fluid (SF) lymphocytes and their activation states in 4 subtypes of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The expression of lymphocyte differentiation antigens and activation markers (Ia and Tac) appeared to be similar in these subgroups. Tac + DNA-synthesizing T blasts represented, at most, 5% of all SF mononuclear cells. This finding was in clear contrast to the high proportion of Ia-positive SF mononuclear cells. There were no differences in Ia and Tac expression or DNA synthesis among the different juvenile rheumatoid arthritis subgroups. This finding suggests that the cell-mediated immune response may represent secondary features of the disease that are involved as a final common pathogenetic pathway.
3430524	A new method for the detection of hidden IgM rheumatoid factor in patients with juvenile r	1987 Oct	The sera of 56 children with active seronegative juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were examined for the presence of hidden IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) by use of a rapid new method consisting of ion exchange chromatography and an ELISA assay. Elevated hidden IgM-RF levels were detected in 57% of all patients (median value 0.6 IU/ml, p less than 0.01), in 67% of patients with polyarticular disease (1.1 IU/ml, p less than 0.005), in 62% of the group with monoarticular disease (0.6 IU/ml, p less than 0.02), and in 60% of the group with systemic disease (0.6 IU/ml, NS). Whereas hidden IgM-RF plays no role in HLA-B27 positive disease, we found raised titers in 86% of B27 negative patients (0.8 IU/ml, p less than 0.001).
2087419	[Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis].	1990 Sep	Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is the most common rheumatic disease in children. It is one of the more frequent chronic illnesses of childhood and an important cause of disability. Authors review the literature about JRA.
3306822	Current knowledge of the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic uveitis accompanying juvenil	1987 Apr	Inflammation of ocular and articular tissues occurs together with high frequency. In children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, uveitis not only is a frequent occurrence but constitutes the most serious complication of the most common type of chronic inflammatory arthritis of childhood.
2873248	Takayasu's arteritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.	1986 Apr	We describe a patient with the onset of polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis at age 7; she developed Takayasu's arteritis 12 years later. Her arthritis had been inactive until 15 months before the diagnosis of Takayasu's arteritis. The association of arthritis and Takayasu's arteritis is discussed.
2440569	Preexisting human anti-murine immunoglobulin reactivity due to polyclonal rheumatoid facto	1987 Aug 15	We report that sera from healthy controls, patients with ovarian or lung cancer, and patients with rheumatoid arthritis all contain IgM polyclonal rheumatoid factors which recognize antigenic determinants on murine and to a greater extent human immunoglobulin IgG. The major part of this reactivity is directed against conserved, shared antigenic determinants present on both human and murine IgG. Such antigenicity resides in the protein and not the carbohydrate moiety of IgG, since deglycosylation of the target murine monoclonal antibody did not result in any loss of antibody binding. Studies comparing the binding of polyclonal and monoclonal rheumatoid factors (from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and mixed essential cryoglobulinaemia, respectively) to murine and human IgG show that the antigenic determinants recognized by polyclonal rheumatoid factors are present on both whereas the antigenic determinant recognized by the monoclonal rheumatoid factors is present only on human IgG. Furthermore, patients with rheumatoid arthritis display an elevated human IgM anti-murine immunoglobulin response similar to that seen in cancer patients who have received murine monoclonal antibody therapy. We therefore conclude that, where possible, F(ab')2 fragments of murine monoclonal antibodies should be used for in vivo tumor localization studies to avoid possible immune complex formation, and that patients with rheumatoid arthritis should be considered to be possibly at higher risk of developing immune complex disease, were these rheumatoid factors to bind to the administered murine antibodies in vivo.
2015007	Production of IgM rheumatoid factor by normal lymphocytes after stimulation with preparati	1991 Mar	Preparations containing IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) and hidden IgM RF were isolated from the serum samples of nine patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Six of these preparations stimulated lymphocytes from normal donors to produce IgG and IgM, of which up to 11% had IgM RF activity. In contrast, the polyclonal activator pokeweed mitogen also stimulated IgM production, but only 1% had IgM RF activity. A relation between the activator and IgM RF or hidden IgM RF is suggested. This is based on the positive correlation between IgM RF concentration in these preparations and their ability to stimulate lymphocytes to produce IgG, IgM, and IgM RF. These data indicate that preparations from patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis containing IgM RF and hidden IgM RF are potent stimulants of lymphocytes from normal donors, with specific production of IgM RF.
1882172	[Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: review and update].	1991 Jan	Major current clinical, laboratory, and etiopathogenic aspects of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) are focused by this article. The authors make a comparison of data of their patients to those described in the literature. A retrospective clinicolaboratory study was performed of 130 patients with JRA followed in the Pediatric Rheumatology Department of the Division of Allergy, Rheumatology, and Clinical Immunology of the Service of Pediatrics of Escola Paulista de Medicina from 1982 to 1989. These patients (73 female and 57 male) were analyzed for the type and age of onset, clinical manifestations (articular and extraarticular), laboratory data, and prognosis. The findings of the authors are similar to those reported, with the exception of eye involvement (chronic iridocyclitis) and of the presence of the IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) and the antinuclear antibody (ANA), which were lower than those described by other authors. With respect to prognosis, the authors verified the greatest number of remissions (40%) with the pauciarticular type, whereas the polyarticular type presented the lowest number of remissions (27%). The two deaths occurred in the series were of children with the systemic type of the disease. Although etiology and the mechanism responsible for its release are not yet known, therefore, not allowing a definite type of treatment, experience gathered throughout the years has made it possible for physicians who attend to these patients not only to make an early diagnosis but also to resort to more efficient means of control.
1925410	Hidden rheumatoid factor and Wa idiotype expression in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.	1991 Oct	The major rheumatoid factor cross-reactive idiotype, which was defined by prototypic monoclonal IgM rheumatoid factors from Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia patient Wa, is present on 60% of all monoclonal IgM RF paraproteins. One-third of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), who are seronegative for classic IgM rheumatoid factor (RF), express the Wa idiotype in high titre in their sera. To determine if the Wa idiotype is present on hidden rheumatoid factors in JRA patient sera, we studied hidden RF expression by both ELISA and haemolytic assay techniques. The majority of JRA sera with increased concentrations of the Wa idiotype did not have increased RF activity nor hidden RF activity. In some JRA patients, the Wa idiotype may be expressed on a parallel set of immunoglobulin molecules, related to RFs, but lacking the ability to bind to IgG.
1905599	Glycosaminoglycans in the synovial fluids of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.	1991 Mar	A simple method was used to isolate hyaluronic acid (HA) and sulfated glycosaminoglycans from synovial fluids obtained from children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and from normal age-matched controls. The bulk of the glycosaminoglycans present in both normal and pathologic synovial fluids consisted of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin 6-sulfate. The diseased synovial fluids showed a sharp decrease in the concentration of glycosaminoglycans when compared with normal controls. These findings are similar to those reported for the synovial fluid of adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
3232036	Agreement between parents and physicians regarding clinical evaluation of patients with ju	1988	The reliability of disease severity assessed by parents of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis was studied by a self-report questionnaire. Parents of 50 patients with a minimum disease duration of 6 months and two physicians participated. Good agreement was achieved between parents and physicians regarding global assessment of disease severity, pain, morning stiffness and activities of daily life. For joint swelling and restriction of movement, the physicians scored higher than did the parents. The findings demonstrate that, with some reservations, a parent questionnaire may be used in follow-up studies on children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
1913001	A re-evaluation of the osteoarticular manifestations of psoriasis.	1991 Oct	A distinctive peripheral arthropathy associated with psoriasis is well recognized, the classical pattern describing an asymmetrical oligoarthritis with predominant distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) involvement. There is some dispute about the frequency of this classical pattern and of the pattern of symmetrical polyarthritis resembling rheumatoid arthritis. Some of the dispute may be a result of loose definitions. In this clinical and scintigraphic study of 50 patients with psoriatic arthritis we have used tighter definitions of disease pattern and have found that 68% of this group had a symmetrical polyarthritis similar to that found in rheumatoid arthritis. Yet, arthritis associated with psoriasis differs from rheumatoid arthritis in a number of ways including the pattern of joint involvement, extra-articular osseous features, and radiological changes. Scintigraphic changes in psoriatic arthritis suggest that subclinical involvement of the manubriosternal and sternoclavicular joints is common, suggesting an association between psoriasis vulgaris and arthro-osteitis. A modified classification of the osteoarticular manifestations of psoriasis is proposed.
3444781	Sarcoidosis in children: differentiation from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.	1987 Dec	Sarcoidosis is rare in young children, and is characterized by skin, joint, and eye changes. Differentiated clinically from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) by milder constitutional symptoms and characteristic joint abnormalities, sarcoidosis is confirmed by demonstrating noncaseating granulomas in skin, conjunctival, or synovial biopsies. Recent reports have shown children with features of both sarcoidosis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, some with similarly affected family members. We cared for four children with sarcoidosis and severe joint manifestations. Two had a personal or family history of JRA. Three of the four children had ichthyosiform cutaneous manifestations, which may suggest an association between severe joint disease and ichthyosiform changes. Because of the difficulty in making a diagnosis on clinical grounds alone, biopsy of cutaneous lesions is recommended in children with these symptoms.