Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6529877 | Cervical myelopathy in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 Jul | Results obtained in 43 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with cervical myelopathy are described; all patients showed several alarm signs together with neurological disturbances. Thirty-four cases were operable; nine patients were not operated upon for various reasons (refusal, and general condition). In the surgically treated patients, the changes were localized in the C1-C2 area (n = 20), in the area below C2 (n = 5), or in both (n = 9). The patients were put on skull traction pre- and post-operatively and nursed on a circo-electric bed. Pre-operatively, the duration of traction varied from a few days to weeks (mean 3 weeks). Post-operatively, the patients were given continuous skull traction for 2 1/2-3 months. This procedure yielded neurological improvement and a stable graft in all but two patients. On follow-up, recurrence of neurological complaints was seen in nine patients, in four due to a new slip at a lower level. Three of these cases were reoperated with good results. Twenty-three patients have died: four 'early' (one pre-operatively and three within 6 weeks post-operatively) and 19 'late'. The mean duration of follow-up was 4.5 years. In those who died 'late', the cause of death was due to the effects of an unstable graft in two cases and in the others the causes were not related to changes in the cervical spine. In the 10 patients who are still alive the mean duration of follow-up is 5 years. The nine patients who were not operated upon all died within a year, 4 of them due to consequences of cord compression. If cervical spondylodesis is feasible in an RA patient with myelopathy, the procedure is advocated. | |
| 7349862 | Dwyer's operation for the rheumatoid forefoot. | 1981 May | In 1970, A. F. Dwyer described an operation for severe toe deformities with the objectives of creating a more stable foot and improving toe function, in addition to relieving pain. This was achieved by fusing the metatarsophalangeal joint of the hallux and the proximal interphalangeal joints of the lateral four toes. The metatarsal heads of the second, third, fourth, and fifth rays were then resected with their respective extensor tendons interposed so as to provide a tenodesis effect. Our study presented in this paper consists of 36 consecutive procedures performed on 22 rheumatoid patients. Follow-up of 33 operations in the 20 patients who were available for recall averaged 42.2 months. Assessment emphasized a subjective report including patient satisfaction, relief of pain, ability to fit shoes, cosmetic result, and walking ability. Objective examination was used to evaluate the presence of a successful arthrodesis of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe, the position of this arthrodesis, the presence of tender callosities, the attitude of the lateral four toes, and symmetry. Results were good or excellent in 76%, satisfactory in 12%, and poor in 12%. | |
| 6734055 | Tiflamizole elimination from plasma in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 Jul | Tiflamizole is a fluorinated diarylamidazole sulfone nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug not metabolized or excreted in urine. Its mean (+/- SD) elimination t 1/2 from plasma was 21.6 +/- 9 days (range 11.8 to 49.5 days) in 17 subjects with rheumatoid arthritis, and appeared to be first order in most of them. Plasma elimination t 1/2 was loosely related (r = -0.67) to stool frequency in eight subjects for whom stool frequency data were available. In one, cholestyramine decreased t 1/2 to 4.1 days. In two patients, synovial fluid total tiflamizole concentrations were approximately one-third of simultaneous plasma concentrations, but elimination t 1/2s from synovial fluid were of the same order as those from plasma. Even with infrequent dosing, the longer t 1/2 may help sustain the anti-inflammatory effects of this drug. | |
| 6886031 | Clinical pharmacology of tolmetin: comparisons in rheumatoid arthritis patients and normal | 1983 Jul | The pharmacokinetics of tolmetin sodium were studied in five patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and five normal volunteers to determine whether data derived from normals could be applied to RA patients. In addition, prostaglandin E (PGE) levels in synovial fluid were compared with tolmetin levels in serum and synovial fluid. Both groups received 400 mg tolmetin every 6 hours for seven days. During a 24-hour washout period after the dose of tolmetin (400 mg) on day 8, blood and urine samples were obtained from all study participants, and synovial fluid samples from the RA patients only. The patients continued into a second 24-hour drug-free period, after which they received a single 400-mg dose of tolmetin. Blood and urine samples were again collected. No clinically or statistically significant differences in tolmetin kinetics between normal volunteers and RA patients were found. A comparison of multiple-dose and single-dose results in the patient group showed an 11 per cent increase in the tolmetin serum concentration after multiple dosing. Total PGE levels in synovial fluid remained significantly depressed in the patient group for 24 hours after the 400-mg test dose of tolmetin on day 8. These findings suggest that tolmetin serum kinetics may not be an appropriate indicator of the duration of biologic activity of tolmetin. | |
| 7105628 | Tolmetin kinetics and synovial fluid prostaglandin E levels in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1982 Sep | Tolmetin kinetics were determined in the plasma and synovial fluid of five rheumatoid arthritis patients after they had ingested tolmetin (400 mg every 6 hr) for 7 days. Tolmetin was rapidly absorbed, with average peak levels in plasma and synovial fluid occurring at 45 min and 2 hr. The drug concentration in synovial fluid was higher than that in plasma for prolonged periods, while the rates of elimination from both plasma and synovial fluid were similar. The average half-lives of tolmetin in plasma and synovial fluid were 6.77 +/- 1.47 hr and 6.90 +/- 2.3 hr. Total prostaglandin E levels in synovial fluid of these patients were suppressed for at least 24 hr after the last dose of tolmetin, suggesting that PGE synthesis continues to be suppressed even by the very low concentrations of tolmetin remaining after 24 hr. | |
| 1141257 | Silastic arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal joints in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1975 Jun | Fifty rheumatodi patients (fifty hands) had Silastic joint implants in 144 metacarpophalangeal joints. Average follow-up time was 2.5 years (maximum 3.5 and minimum 1.5). At clinical examination, gross power, range of motion, lessening of ulnar deviation, relief of pain, and appearance were determined. The results were correlated with preoperative indications. Postoperatively, there was no significant gain in gross power. The range of motion was somewhat increased and the lessening of ulnar deviation was marked. Relief of pain was achieved. Complications included fracture of four of the 144 implants, one infection, and six cases of tendon adhesions. | |
| 913873 | Phenylbutazone: plasma concentrations and effectiveness in patients with rheumatoid arthri | 1977 | Phenylbutazone in doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/day has been given for four periods of three weeks to seven patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The trial was double/blind and the order of administration of the doses was arranged to eliminate order and carry-over effects. Before and at the end of each period the patient's clinical state was assessed by measurement of the pain score, duration of morning stiffness, paracetamol tablet count, grip strength, digital joint size, articular index and overall patient preference. The plasma phenylbutazone concentration was measured by gas liquid chromatography and the expected concentration of phenylbutazone in plasma was also predicted from a knowledge of the antipyrine half-life in each patient. Phenylbutazone had a significant therapeutic effect, in some cases after only 50 mg/day. There was however no correlation between the plasma concentration of phenylbutazone and its therapeutic effect. The observed plasma concentration of phenylbutazone agreed well with that predicted at doses of 50 and 100 mg/day. However, at 200 and 300 mg/day the observed plasma concentration was significantly lower than that predicted, perhaps due to saturation of the protein binding sites. | |
| 567107 | Postoperative dislocation after Charnley low-friction arthroplasty. | 1978 May | The dislocation rate after the Charnley arthroplasty with the 22 mm diameter femoral head was 0.8% in 3,820 arthroplasties performed before 1971. Over this era the annual rate ranged from 0.5% to 1.4% without any apparent explanation. Following the routine use of a low position for the socket in the acetabulum and the Long Posterior Wall design of socket, the dislocation rate fell to 0.4% over 4,706 arthroplasties and the annual dislocation rate over 4 years ranged between 0.5% and 0.2%. | |
| 6864676 | Observer differences in detecting erosions in radiographs of rheumatoid arthritis. A compa | 1983 Apr | This study shows no significant advantage of Brewerton or Nørgaard radiographs in detection of erosions at metacarpophalangeal joints in patients with polyarthritis over the conventional posteroanterior view. The observer agreement for detection of exact number of erosions/pair of hands is uniformly low. Therefore, erosion index cannot be reliably used in epidemiologic surveys or therapeutic trials as an outcome measure unless steps are taken to improve the observer agreement. | |
| 893525 | Knee joint bursal abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1977 Sep | Twenty-five patients with rheumatoid arthritis presented with knee joint bursal abnormalities. Nineteen patients presented with symptoms simulating thrombophlebitis. Sixteen had a rupture of the posterior joint capsule without a communicating semimembranosus-gastrocnemius bursa (S-G), with extension ventrally between the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles or between the skin and muscle. Nine had an enlarged S-G bursa with or without rupture. Two patients had additional cephalad ruptures: one from the posterior compartment and the other one from the suprapatellar bursa. | |
| 7028637 | Neuromuscular problems in the orofacial region: aetiology and organic pathology. | 1981 Sep | Psychological factors play a significant role in the aetiology of functional disorders of the masticatory system but the pain-dysfunction symptoms can mostly be explained with musculoskeletal tissue changes. In the jaw muscles inflammatory responses are frequently caused by muscular hyperactivity. The temporomandibular joint may be affected by many diseases of which osteoarthrosis is probably the most common. A pathologic process in the temporomandibular joint proper is often a cause of pain and dysfunction of the masticatory system, and this may be true even without radiographic evidence of structural changes. | |
| 935821 | Flexor tendon synovectomy of the hand in rheumatoid arthritis. A follow-up study of 201 op | 1976 | A follow-up study of 201 flexor tendon synovectomies of the hand in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is presented. The operations were performed from 1/2-49 years after onset of the disease, and the patients were between 16 and 76 years of age. The follow-up study is based on questionnaires and, in addition, 78% of the patients also had a physical re-examination. The follow-up time spanned 12-78 months. Nearly 70% of the operated hands were subjectively improved; the others were unchanged or worse. The poor results were often caused by progression of arthritis in finger joints. Recurrence of the tenosynovitis was observed in about 37% of the hands, but in very few to such an extent that reoperation has been necessary. | |
| 6851371 | Induction of salicyluric acid formation in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with sali | 1983 May | Average steady-state serum salicylate concentrations and salicyluric acid (SU) formation rates were measured in 4 subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. After a salicylate washout period (1 month), the mean observed maximum formation rate of SU was determined by collecting frequent urine samples after a single oral dose of salicylate (35 mg/kg). The patients were then commenced on appropriate high dose salicylate therapy. Two and 5 weeks later, the mean observed maximum rates of SU formation were re-determined along with the average steady-state serum salicylate concentrations. Mean observed maximum SU excretion rates increased significantly between the single-dose study (0.96 +/- 0.22 mg/kg/h) and the last dose of the high dose therapy at 2 weeks (1.65 +/- 0.30 mg/kg/h; p less than 0.01); however, there was no further increase at week 5. Similar increases in the theoretical maximum rate of SU formation (Vmax) were observed between the single-dose study and after 2 weeks of high dose salicylate therapy. Average steady-state serum salicylate concentrations showed no decline between weeks 2 and 5. High dose salicylate therapy leads to acceleration of the rate of SU formation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and this occurs largely during the first 2 weeks of therapy. | |
| 6995134 | Double-blind dose-response study of indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1980 Jun | Indomethacin 0, 15, 25 and 35 mg t.i.d. was given in randomized order for two weeks to eight outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis in a double-blind study. At the end of each treatment period the clinical response was evaluated by subjective and objective methods and the plasma indomethacin concentration was measured by GLC-mass fragmentography. Compared with non-treatment periods, indomethacin had a statistically significant therapeutic effect as judged by global assessment, duration of morning stiffness, use of escape analgesia, articular index and pain score, but there was no relation between the clinical effect and the size of the dose or the plasma concentration of the drug. Technetium uptake over the affected joints did not change during indomethacin therapy, which might reflect a lack of effect on the local activity of the disease. Lower doses than those currently prescribed are probably sufficient to alleviate symptoms in this disease. | |
| 7044579 | [Surgery of the rheumatoid forefoot]. | 1981 Oct | The problem of surgery of rheumatoid forefoot is discussed. Particular attention is paid to pre-operative evaluation of the patient, who, in view of the multi-articular involvement of the disease, must be considered as a whole. The importance of the clinical investigation and the collection of radiological, photographic and instrumental data for correct performance of the operation is stressed. Lelièvre's operation of resection and alignment of the metatarsal heads is described by the Authors, with the aims that are proposed. Lastly attention is drawn to skin problems, due to precarious vascularisation especially at the level of the hallux, which in these rheumatoid patients may cause delays in cicatrisation. | |
| 964883 | [Treatment of primary chronic polyarthritis in special cases]. | 1976 Aug 12 | Empirical medicine has three main supporting pillars: physical treatment, dietetics and phytotherapy. In this area of medicine, a number of therapeutical methods have been evolved which stand up to investigations employing scientific criteria, and which, in consequence, have become officially recognized by medical science. Examples are: diet rich in bulkage, digitalis, products of Papaver somniferum (Poppy) and salicylates. The acceptance of phytotherapeutic agents into the drug armamentarium of scientific medicine presupposes the availability of test methods suitable to demonstrate their effectiveness. Quite a number of remedies that have always been firmly anchored in empirical medicine, but which was applied regularly only by the nature healer, have suddenly, in the light of new test methods, been shown to be effective medicines; thus, for example, onions and garlic are good for thrombotic processes and hyperglycaemia, carminatives for sphincter spasms in the gastrointestinal tract, and alcohol is an appetite-stimulating stomachic. This fact, the limited applicability of the information obtained from animal experiments, and the further fact that even test results obtained in human subjects cannot be applied on a world-wide basis, exhort us to take care not to subscribe to an all-too apodictic classification of therapeutic measures into effective and noneffective. A further point for consideration is that the administration even of what is only a supposed remedy, can trigger or promote healing simply on the strength of the action of the physician. Scientific thinking is an indispensible precondition of the physician's activity--to consider it as the beginning and end of all things medical, however, is simply to demonstrate a narrowness of outlook. | |
| 467372 | Study on the inactivation mechanism of androgens in rheumatoid arthritis: excretory rate o | 1979 Apr | Unconjugated, sulpho- and glucurono-conjugated androgen hormone metabolites have been determined in the urine of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. An increase in the excretory rate of unconjugated 5 beta-reduced 17-ketosteroids and a decrease in that of 17-ketosteroid conjugates, especially in dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and in the sum of dehydroepiandrosterone, etiocholanolone and androsterone glucuronoside were observed. In contrast to unconjugated metabolites, there was less significant change in the 5 beta-metabolite conjugates in urine. Corticosteroid treatment resulted in an additional decrease of metabolite excretion by patients. Further study is necessary to determine the causative factors in the altered steroid pattern observed in this severe, non-endocrine disease. | |
| 6190485 | A search for rheumatoid arthritis-associated nuclear antigen and Epstein-Barr virus specif | 1983 Jun | Pannus extracts and/or cells and tissues from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and controls were tested for the presence of RA-associated nuclear antigen (RANA), anti-RANA, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific antigens, and EBV genomes. Using our present rather insensitive methods, RANA was rarely detected in RA pannus extracts or tissues, whereas anti-RANA was commonly found. EBV-specific antigens or genomes could not be detected in a limited number of tissues tested using our present methods. The data suggest that EBV may not be the primary event causing RA through direct infection and transformation of synovial tissues. | |
| 2859219 | Collagenase-like peptidase activity in serum from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1985 Apr 15 | The activities of collagenase-like peptidase, estimated by using (succinyl-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro)-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide as substrate, and of dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase IV were decreased in the sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Both enzymes bring about the degradation of peptides derived from collagen. A significant positive correlation was observed between the activities of the two serum peptidases. | |
| 7191319 | [Results of a long-term study with acemetacin in the therapy of patients suffering from rh | 1980 | Within the framework of a long-term study the efficacy and tolerability of [1-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindol-3-acetoxy] acetic acid (acemetacin, TV 1322, Rantudil) were tested in 26 female patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The patients were aged between 32 and 78 years. The duration of therapy was 24 weeks. After daily doses of 90-180 mg acemetacin the functional impairment improved by approx. 47%, pain by approx. 44% and articular swelling by approx. 5%. These results were achieved although of 22 assessable cases 14 female patients had received indometacin for at least 4 weeks before the study and 8 female patients had received other non-steroidal antirheumatic agents. The tolerability of acemetacin was very good. Only one female patient complained of a gastrointestinal disorder which led to withdrawal of the therapy. The side effect disappeared after withdrawal of the therapy. None of the laboratory values produced any evidence that a long-term acemetacin therapy would unfavourably influence the haemopoietic system or the parenchymatous organs. The therapeutic efficacy observed in this study and the low side effect rate indicate the great safety of an acemetacin therapy. |