Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 806271 | Behaviour of synovial complement C3 and C4 components in inflammatory and degenerative joi | 1975 Apr | The synovial fluid beta1a (C3) and beta1e (C4) expressed by their ratio to corresponding serum concentrations) were studied in 31 cases of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA+), 5 cases of seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA-1), and 15 cases of osteoarthrosis (OA) before osmic acid synoviorthesis on knees. This was repeated after synoviorthesis in the synovial fluid (SF) of 24 RA+, 4 RA-, and 10 OA patients. The following studies were undertaken: (a) the relationship between these components; (b) their correlation with the SF protein concentration and rheumatoid factor titre, when present. This analysis led us to the following conclusions. (1) Before synoviorthesis (a) The SF beta1e is significantly lower than beta1a in RA+. In OA, an inverse phenomenon is observed. (b) The concentration of beta1a and beta1e are proportional to the protein concentration in the SF of OA. A significant inverse relationship between beta1a, beta1e, and the titre of rheumatoid factor is found. (2) after synoviorthesis the same studies performed on knees at the time of one or more relapses shows that the same pathogenetic process is involved and that the immunological mechanism is little influenced by this treatment. In OA also the relapse differs very little from the initial process observed before synoviorthesis. | |
| 4084327 | How many joints in the hands and wrists should be included in a score of radiologic abnorm | 1985 Dec | Numerous methods for reading abnormalities of rheumatoid arthritis in hand and wrist radiographs have been proposed over the past several decades. There are many differences among these methods, one of the more striking of which is the variation in the number of joints that are scored. In this study, we tested the number of joints that need to be read in order to represent abnormalities accurately and reproducibly, using the scores of multiple observers. Thirteen rheumatologists and radiologists each read a set of 41 hand and wrist films from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ten of 13 readers scored 27 joints in each hand and wrist; the other 3 readers scored fewer areas. Fourteen combinations of joints were selected based on the frequency of involvement and the technical adequacy of routine films in assessing a given area. After testing these 14 different combinations, 1 scheme, which included 17 areas read for erosions and 18 areas read for joint space narrowing, was tested further. The correlation coefficients for 10 intraobserver scores derived from this modified scheme compared with the original scores were between 0.981 and 0.997. Seventy-one of 78 interobserver comparisons were better using the new scheme than using the original scheme. These data indicate that the simplified scheme, using a combination of 17 joints to score erosions and 18 to score joint space narrowing, more accurately reflects the extent of abnormalities perceived by a panel of experts than does the original scheme. This abbreviated number of joints shortens the amount of time required to read a set of films and simplifies the scoring of films, since a number of areas that are difficult to read are eliminated from radiographic assessment. | |
| 6532643 | Surgical treatment of the rheumatoid wrist and aspects of the natural course when untreate | 1984 Dec | Based on 20 years of experience in surgery of the rheumatoid hand, the author has presented diagnostic and surgical problems of tendons, ligaments and bones round the rheumatoid wrist. The results of long-term follow-up studies after wrist synovectomy have been given and also aspects of the natural course of the untreated rheumatoid wrist. The author's technique of wrist arthrodesis has been described in detail. | |
| 1090297 | Azathioprine in rheumatoid arthritis: a long-term follow-up study. | 1975 Jan | In 1973 we reported the beneficial effects of azathioprine in a double blind, cross-over study in 17 patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis. During subsequent follow-up over a mean period of 40 months, 4 patients had discontinued therapy because of poor therapeutic response and 1 because of nausea. Eleven of the 12 patients still taking azathioprine had maintained their initial beneficial response or showed further improvement. Adverse side effects during the follow-up period were minor. They included nausea in 1 patient and leukopenia with thrombocytopenia in another. An increased incidence of chromosomal abnormalities was detected in those patients still receiving azathioprine. | |
| 7223081 | [Collagenolytic enzymes of the skin in chronic polyarthritis - transformations during D-pe | 1981 Jan | Collagenolytic enzymes, soluble and nonsoluble collagen were determined in skin specimens of 5 healthy volunteers, and 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 7 RA-patients being on D-penicillamine, 9 without basic therapy. The following results were obtained: Collagenolytic enzymes were elevated in patients with RA compared with age matched controls. After administration of D-penicillamine the enzyme activity was found lower than values obtained in controls. Acid soluble collagen and nonsoluble collagen was not found statistically different in the three groups. These findings strongly suggest an inhibitory effect of D-penicillamine on the elevated collagenase activity in RA patients. Similar results in corneal tissue were reported by Francois and coworkers who treated corneal ulcers with D-penicillamine. | |
| 7323778 | Developments in epidemiological studies on rheumatoid arthritis. | 1981 | The present state of epidemiological knowledge concerning rheumatoid arthritis is summarized. The potential for further epidemiological approaches to rheumatoid arthritis is indicated and priorities listed for the future directions of such studies. | |
| 810066 | Rheumatoid arthritis: an immune disease in search of an etiology. | 1975 Sep | The current knowledge of the immunologic and etiologic factors which play a role in rheumatoid arthritis is reviewed and extrapolated to the systemic effects of rheumatoid disease. The disease process is viewed as the incidental result of an atypical immuno-inflammatory mechanism initiated by an unidentified antigenic stimulus. | |
| 6712758 | Does hyperuricemia protect from rheumatoid inflammation? A clinical study. | 1984 Apr | The negative association between gout and rheumatoid arthritis is well accepted. The reason for this mutual exclusion is not clear; a protective immunosuppressive effect of hyperuricemia has been included among possible explanations. To test this hypothesis, we reviewed the charts of 160 rheumatoid arthritis patients on whom clinical information and followup for at least a year were available. We selected those patients with persistent hyperuricemia as defined by serum urate levels averaging above 7.5 mg% for at least 6 months. We found 12 patients fulfilling such criteria, and 11 of these were judged to have quiescent, minimally active, or inactive disease during hyperuricemic periods. In 2 patients, flares of the rheumatoid process coincided with normalization of serum urate levels. We propose that persistent hyperuricemia may protect against or decrease the expression of rheumatoid inflammation. | |
| 697954 | Hemochromatotic arthropathy mimicking rheumatoid arthritis. A case with subcutaneous nodul | 1978 Sep | A 63-year-old man developed symmetrical polyarthritis, subcutaneous nodules at the elbows, olecranon bursitis, and recurrent tenosynovitis. He was later discovered to have idiopathic hemochromatosis. Staining of the subcutaneous nodule revealed iron deposits. These manifestations which are common to rheumatoid arthritis may be seen in hemochromatotic arthropathy. | |
| 6391418 | Educating patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective analysis. | 1984 Dec | Twenty-two men with rheumatoid arthritis were randomly assigned to either a patient education group, receiving standard inpatient medical care in addition to a formal education program, or a control group receiving only the inpatient medical care. Members of the groups were not significantly different in terms of age, degree of life stress, socioeconomic status, educational level, or years since onset of rheumatoid arthritis. Dependent measures included the Arthritis Knowledge Inventory (AKI), the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and they were collected preeducation, posteducation, and at a three-month followup. Results from the AIMS revealed improvement in dexterity, social role, depression, and overall health status for both groups. The BDI also revealed significantly less depression for both groups, reflecting a general improvement following medical intervention. Although the patient education group revealed significantly higher scores on the knowledge measure, they also revealed significantly more impairment of activity levels and significantly higher pain scores. Education was effective for increasing rheumatoid arthritis knowledge, but such topics as joint protection and disease process may adversely affect how patients view their physical capacities and interpret their pain. | |
| 1190099 | Vitamin B6 levels in rheumatoid arthritis: effect of treatment. | 1975 Nov | Patients with rheumatoid arthritis were found to have low plasma pyridoxal phosphate. Treatment with 50-150 mg/day of pyridoxine hydrochloride for 3 months caused a rise in pyridoxal phosphate in most cases to more than 3 times pretreatment levels. There was, however, no improvement in the clinical aspects of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3873323 | Cardiac involvement in progressive polyarthritis--an echocardiographic study. | 1985 | Echocardiographic, electrocardiographic and roentgenologic examinations were performed in 50 patients with progressive polyarthritis without clinical signs of pericardial affection. At the same time, laboratory signs of the activity of the disease were evaluated. Using one-dimensional echocardiography, pericardial effusion was detected in 27 patients (54%). Neither valvular involvement nor specific changes in the myocardium were found. In the serum of patients with pericardial effusion the presence of the rheumatoid factor was statistically significantly more frequent than in patients without effusion. Patients with steroid therapy of the primary disease and a statistically significantly lower incidence of effusions than patients who were subjected to other forms of treatment. Echocardiography again proved to be the only sensitive non-invasive method capable of detecting small and medium-sized effusions. | |
| 434940 | Hypochlorhydria and hypergastrinaemia in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1979 Feb | In order to evaluate the incidence and aetiology of hypergastrinaemia 53 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis were examined for gastric acid secretion, fasting serum gastrin concentration, circulating parietal cell antibodies, and some parameters of the activity of inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis. The basal and maximum acid output was found to be subnormal in this group (P less than 0.01), and in 11 of these patients (23%) the fasting serum gastrin levels were raised (P less than 0.05). This hypergastrinaemia correlated strongly with maximum acid output. Only in cases of achlorhydria or hypochlorhydria (maximum acid output less than 2 mmol/l) was the serum gastrin level markedly raised. Two out of 5 patients with achlorhydria were found to have circulating parietal cell antibodies, and 1 had decreased absorption of vitamin B12. No relationship was found between serum gastrin and duration or activity of rheumatoid arthritis; nor was there a relationship between basal serum gastrin and the various antirheumatic drugs administered. | |
| 1161264 | The decision to operate in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1975 Jul | The physician caring for the patient with rheumatoid arthritis should not look upon surgery as a last resort to be turned to when all else has failed and the situation is desperate. Surgical intervention may be important at any stage in the disease. Wrist fusion to obliterate pain and to restore a strong grip is advantageous whenever pain and instability compromise the function of that extremity. The knee with good painless flexion and extension cannot help but insure the patient's ability to get up and down from a chair. There are many goals that may be achieved through surgical intervention, and each of these should be considered and reviewed every time the physician sees the patient. Consider the benefits of prevention of disease progression, the stopping of bone resorption, the relief of pain, the restoration of motion, strength, and stability, and the preservation or restoration of the patient's confidence and determination to remain an independent member of society. | |
| 6494771 | Dysglobulinemias revealing rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 Jul | Fifteen patients (with dysglobulinemia, ranging in age from 35 to 52 years, were studied over a period of 6 years. The following parameters of immune response and immunoelectrophoresis of serum proteins were checked: total hemolytic complement (CH50), serum cryoglobulins, presence of circulating immune complexes (CIC), beta 2-microglobulins, rheumatoid factor (RF). Of the 15 patients investigated, 6 (40%) developed during the period of study severe forms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) which required the introduction of continuous cortisone therapy. In a control group, ranging between the same age limits but without immune disturbances, no case of RA was observed. It should be noted that polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia preceded by at least 5 years the appearance of articular inflammation. The changes of serum complement were also significant. CH50 was found constantly decreased below 40 HU/ml, particularly in the patients with febrile forms of RA; positive latex fixation test greater than 1/80 was observed at least 6 months before the appearance of articular tumefactions. Increase of beta 2-microglobulins in the serum and the presence of cryoglobulins was also observed in the 4 patients with RA. Dysglobulinemia has often been observed in the course of RA but it has seldom been presented as a preceding disturbance predicting the disease. The originality of the observations reported in this paper consists in a case of malignant RA appeared in the course of dysglobulinemia. | |
| 1135614 | X-ray changes in connection with late synovectomy of the hand in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1975 | Eighty-two patients subjected to late synovectomy of the hand were followed up. Late synovectomy was defined as an operation performed after at least 3 years' duration of local synovitis in the type of joint operated on. The minimum follow-up period was 24 months for the fingers joints (IP + PIP and MCP) and 18 months for the dorsal aspect of the wrist (W). The multifocal swelling of joints, preoperatively, was symmetrical in 89% of the patients. The X-ray changes, however, were symmetrical in only 22%, 27%, and 68% for IP + PIP, MCP, and W, respectively. These findings may preclude the use of controlled studies on early synovectomy using the non-operated hand as a control in a long-term assessment of X-ray progression. The rate of X-ray progression during the observation period was 60% for IP + PIP joints. The corresponding figures for MCP and W were 64% and 39%, respectively. Absence of bony lesions prior to synovectomy was favourable sign. | |
| 6673981 | Selective atrophy of the type IIb muscle fibers in rheumatoid arthritis and progressive sy | 1983 | We have examined biopsy material from the left m. vastus lateralis of eight patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and four patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). All were chosen according to the duration and the severity of disease, so that the broadest possible spectrum of signs and symptoms could be considered. Muscular specimens showed a selective and constant atrophy of the type IIB fibers, as revealed by the myofibrillar ATPase histochemical reaction (both at a pH of 9.4 and with pre-incubation at pH 4.35 and 4.63). Atrophy of the type I fibers was seen only occasionally. Neither structural abnormalities, such as 'motheaten' fibers, nor inflammatory reactions were observed. We think that (1) changes in skeletal muscles of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and progressive systemic sclerosis may be quite selective, and (2) the myopathy associated with rheumatoid arthritis can be differentiated from inflammatory myopathies, even in muscle biopsy specimens, on the basis of histoenzymologic investigations. | |
| 772817 | Low dose, long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with azathioprine. | 1976 Apr | Sixteen patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis which had been present for longer than two years, representing anatomic stages II-IV, were treated with azathioprine in doses of 50 to 175 mg/day. They were followed up for up to six years. Using the criterion of ability to work, 93% of the patients improved markedly during the time observed. Complement levels were low before treatment and tended to stabilize within the normal range as the disease became less active. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) fell during therapy but changes in ESR did not correlate well with the patients' clinical states. Titers of rheumatoid agglutinins showed little change after as long as six years of therapy. When all patients were stable a double-blind cross-over study, using a placebo tablet, was instituted. Fifteen of 16 patients had a marked exacerbation of disease activity after receiving placebo for three to eight weeks. When azathioprine was reinstituted, gradual improvement again occurred so that all patients were back to their asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic state within seven months. | |
| 422290 | Skin manifestations and serum IgE levels in levamisole-treated rheumatoid arthritis patien | 1979 | Skin manifestations may occur as adverse effects of immunostimulant therapy with Levamisole. They are generally regarded as drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions. Our observations revealed that, in Levamisole-treated rheumatoid arthritis patients, urticaria was accompanied by an elevation of serum IgE, but other types of skin reactions were not. Moreover, elevation of IgE occurred without any skin reactions in some cases. It is suggested that Levamisole - stimulating T lymphocytes - may also stimulate IgE-mediated atopic responses. | |
| 6614850 | Surgical treatment of the rheumatoid wrist. | 1983 Apr | Normal wrist function must be understood if effective treatment is to be achieved in the rheumatoid wrist. Surgical treatment in this region is considered in two groups: 1. Synovectomy for prophylactic and symptomatic relief 2. Salvage procedures consisted of arthroplasties and arthrodesis in the severely destroyed joints to improve cosmetic appearance and offer some control over the finger functions. |